『琴用指法』の写本学的研究

Manuscript Hikone, Hikone-jō Hakubutsukan V633, is in many ways one of the most unusual sources of qin music. The recto of the Hikone scroll preserves a number of treatises on the fingering of qin playing, making it the oldest source of texts on qin fingering – and one contemporaneous to early qin music practice – that is preserved today; the verso in turn contains sketches of a saibara piece, Chinese verses and three groups of casual drawings. Being the only Japanese source housing exclusively Chinese or Chinese-derived practical treatises on early qin music, it is self-evident that the Hikone scroll is of paramount importance for any exploration of the transmission of ancient East Asian music. Moreover, the original scroll, while indirectly available to scholars through a number of tracing copies all along, had disappeared among the historical documents of the Ii family for several centuries, and therefore was unknown to modern scholarship until its (re-)discovery was announced by Goshima Kuniharu in 1994. As a result, our knowledge of this crucial source remains incomplete: No full-fledged codicological study of the original scroll has been offered to date; the origins of the Hikone manuscript remain shrouded in darkness; and its contents have only been insufficiently catalogued. To address these lacunae, a careful physical examination of the Hikone manuscript was carried out in November 2004 as part of my ongoing study of the source. In the present paper, using codicological analysis, I shall investigate the Hikone manuscript as a physical artifact and provide the first detailed description of its external features; an analysis of the various scripts and their owners; a reconstruction of the copying sequence; and an inventory of its contents

FE analysis of multi-cycle micro-forming through using closed-die upsetting models and forward extrusion models

Research in micro-forming leads to the investigation of the effects of heat generation in the workpiece and temperature changes in the tools during the forming. The results reported in this paper relate to the study of cold micro-forming processes which are usually ignored on its thermal characteristics. Two closed-die upsetting models were used for the simulation of the forming of micro-parts in single forming trial and in mass production (multi-cycle loading), respectively. An elastic-plastic finite element simulation was performed for a single forming trial. The heat transferred to the die, computed from the simulation, was then used as an input for the multi-cycle heat loading analysis in the die. Two materials: silver and low carbon steel, were used as the work material. The results show that the die saturation temperature could still go up to 100 °C for small size dies, which is significant for the forming of micro-parts. Forming errors due to the die-temperature changes were further computed, which forms a basis for developing considerations on the forming-error compensation. Using the same methods and procedures, forming of a micro-pin via forward extrusion was analysed

Shadow Banking and Systemic Risk in Europe and China

We compare the European and Chinese shadow banking systems. While the European shadow banking system is better developed than the Chinese shadow banking system, herd behavior and other factors in European markets create systemic risk, which contributed in part to the financial crisis. Dispersion of risk across the "under-developed" shadow banking system in China has led to some cases of localized, concentrated risk, but not to systemic risk. We discuss proposed European shadow banking regulation and its implications for systemic risk, and discuss what lessons China might glean from such policies. We also discuss what lessons China's diverse and systemically uncoordinated shadow banking sector might provide for Europe

Process and machine system development for the forming of miniature/micro sheet metal products

This paper reports on the current development of the process for the forming of thin sheet-metal micro-parts (t < 50µm) and the corresponding machine system which is part of the research and technological development of an EU funded integrated project - MASMICRO ("Integration of Manufacturing Systems for the Mass-Manufacture of Miniature/Micro-Products" (/www.masmicro.net/). The process development started with qualification of the fundamentals related to the forming of thin sheet-metals in industrial environment, for which a testing machine and several sets of the testing tools were developed. The process was further optimised, followed by new tool designs. Based on the experience gained during the process development, a new forming press which is suitable for industrial, mass-customised production, has been designed

Development of a new machine system for the forming of micro-sheet-products

Most of the developed micro-forming machines were based on standalone concepts which do not support efficient integration to make them fully automated and integrated. At present, material feeding in micro-forming is not of sufficient precision and reliability for high throughput manufacturing applications. Precise feeding is necessary to ensure that micro-parts can be produced with sufficient accuracy, especially in multi-stage forming, while high-speed feeding is a must to meet the production-rate requirements. Therefore, design of a new high-precision and high-speed feeder for micro-forming is proposed. Several possible approaches are examined with a view to establishing feasible concepts. Based on the investigation, several concepts for thin sheet-metal feeding for micro-forming are generated, they being argued and assessed with applicable loads and forces analysis. These form a basis of designing a new feeder

Distinction Between Inflection and Derivation of Learning Reduplication in Mandarin

Reduplication as a word-formation process in Mandarin, which is one of the most difficult knowledge to comprehend for scholar and student. Theoretically this research offers an approach that is different from what has been made by previous researchers. Using the M.D.S Simatupang free context approach this research contrasts the reduplicative forms of all word classes and shows the relationships between them (AA, AABB, ABAB, ABB) and their basic forms (A, AB), then based on test of categorical word and test of lexical decomposition as proposed by J.W.M Verhaar, this study analyzes and explains reduplication and inflectional reduplication in Mandarin in order to students understand as their meaning vocabularies. As a result, this research examines the derivational and inflectional reduplication in Mandarin all at once can disseminate the use of morphological theory. In addition, this study discusses Mandarin reduplication based on various word classes that are contained as a basis for the relevant form of reduplication. Beginner research results will be presented in this study in order to stimulate more complete writing, it will be better if this research can be disseminated in order to add learning and reading material for future research

La morada eterna del primer emperador

En el artículo que hoy os traemos, vamos a acercaros al que muchos consideran como el mayor descubrimiento de la era contemporánea, que no es otro que el mausoleo del hombre que unificó China, el emperador Qin Shi Huangdi. Desde el año 350 a.C., el pueblo chino languidecía en la miseria a causa de las guerras entre los diversos estados, hasta que en el 246 a.C., el príncipe Zheng sube al trono del estado de Qin, ubicado en el noroeste del país, autoproclamándose, tal y como su nombre indica, “Primer soberano emperador de Qin”

Detecting peroxiredoxin hyperoxidation by one-dimensional isoelectric focusing

The activity of typical 2-cys peroxiredoxin (Prxs) can be regulated by hyperoxidation with a consequent loss of redox activity. Here we developed a simple assay to monitor the level of hyperoxidation of different typical 2-cys prxs simultaneously. This assay only requires standard equipment and can compare different samples on the same gel. It requires much less time than conventional 2D gels and gives more information than Western blotting with an antibody specific for hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin. This method could also be used to monitor protein modification with a charge difference such as phosphorylation

Qin Zhu v. Atty Gen USA

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