Investigating the Relationship Between N2pc and Rapid Saccadic Eye Movements

In this study, we investigated the impact of temporal variability on the N2pc component during overt and covert visual search tasks, with a focus on potential differences in the efficiency of search strategies. Employing an eye tracker and a modified algorithm for saccade detection, our analysis considered the potential influence of eye tracker performance and data cleaning methods on the interpretation of results. Additionally, we adopted ERPimage analysis to enhance the rigor of our statistical examination. Our findings confirmed the temporal relationship between the N2pc and first saccade onset, with the N2pc occurring after the saccade. Furthermore, we identified a potential correlation between the onset latency of saccades in overt searches and N2pc amplitude. We highlighted the need for caution when comparing event-related potential components across studies due to methodological differences. By examining the temporal relationship between N2pc and saccade onset in the context of overt and covert search tasks, this investigation contributes to a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing visual search efficiency and attentional allocation

Dynamical Analysis of Jettison Piloting for Air Bomb with Bomblets

The main parachutes drawn down by a pilot parachute is the generally used method of thejettison of air bomb with bomblets and their interaction process is the basis and key for thebomb projection. A mechanical model loaded by the string of pilot parachute is theoreticallyestablished, and under different projection velocities, the design method of the length and strengthfor the string of the pilot parachute is suggested. The results show that for a certain 500 kg airbomb, if the projection velocity is 222 m/s and the strength of the string is 5000 N, the lengthof the string 3 m cannot meet the requirement

Numerical Simulation on Dispersal Character of Fuel by Central HE

A fuel-air explosive (FAE) device consists of a shell (top-end cover, bottom-end cover, shell-side wall), a mixed fuel, a central pipe and a burst high-explosive (HE) charged in the central pipe.The mixed fuel is filled in a column structure and dispersed by the explosion drive of central burstHE in the central pipe. The dispersed fuel mixes with air, which produces combustible cloudwhich can be detonated. That is the fuel-air explosive (FAE). The height and ignition positionof the central HE charged column affect the fuel dispersal process. The initial stage of fueldispersal was simulated by numerical computation. The simulation result indicated that thedistribution of fuel dispersal velocity, when the central HE is ignited at the end, is not the sameas that when the central HE is ignited on the axis of the central HE simultaneously. When theratio of the column height of the central HE and that of the FAE device is 0.64~0.73, the distributionof fuel dispersal velocity has little difference when the central HE is ignited at the end of column.But, when the ratio of the column height of the central HE and that of the FAE device is 0.89,the fuel axial dispersal velocity is obviously more than that when the ratio of the column heightof the central HE and that of the FAE device is 0.64~0.73

Copper indium sulfide quantum dots in photocatalysis

Since the advent of photocatalytic technology, scientists have been searching for semiconductor materials with high efficiency in solar energy utilization and conversion to chemical energy. Recently, the development of quantum dot (QD) photocatalysts has attracted much attention because of their unique characteristics: small size, quantum effects, strong surface activity, and wide photoresponse range. Among ternary chalcogenide semiconductors, CuInS2 QDs are increasingly examined in the field of photocatalysis due to their high absorption coefficients, good matching of the absorption range with sunlight spectrum, long lifetimes of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and environmental sustainability. In this review paper, the structural and electronic properties, synthesis methods and various photocatalytic applications of CuInS2 QDs are systematically expounded. The current research status on the photocatalytic properties of materials based on CuInS2 QD is discussed combined with the existing modification approaches for the enhancement of their performances. Future challenges and new development opportunities of CuInS2 QDs in the field of photocatalysis are then prospected

Sonochemical synthesis of photocatalysts and their applications

Sonochemical synthesis has flourished significantly in the last few decades for the preparation of pho-tocatalysts. A large number of photocatalysts have been prepared through sonochemical techniques. This review highlights the scope of sonochemistry in the preparation of photocatalysts, and their applications in energy production and environmental remediation. Beside, the sonochemical degradation of pollutants is discussed in detail. The progress made in sonochemical synthesis and the future perspective for this technique are summarized here. This review may create more enthusiasm among researchers to pay extra attention to the sonochemical synthesis of materials and add their useful contribution to the investiga-tion of new materials for photocatalytic and other applications. This will propel this technique toward commercial sonosynthesis of nanomaterials. (c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.Peer reviewe

Facile and Surfactant-Free Synthesis of Hierarchical ZnO Microstructures

Hierarchical ZnO crystals with flower-like microstructures were successfully synthesized via a facile hydrothermal route without using any surfactants. The morphology of these microstructures can be easily controlled by adjusting the pH of the reaction solution. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Furthermore, a possible growth mechanism of ZnO hierarchical microstructures was proposed

Tailoring the Stability of Ti-Doped Sr₂Fe_1.4Ti_xMo_0.6−xO_6−δ Electrode Materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

In this work, the stability of Sr2(FeMo)O6−δ-type perovskites was tailored by the substitution of Mo with Ti. Redox stable Sr2Fe1.4TixMo0.6−xO6−δ (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) perovskites were successfully obtained and evaluated as potential electrode materials for SOFCs. The crystal structure as a function of temperature, microstructure, redox stability, and thermal expansion properties in reducing and oxidizing atmospheres, oxygen content change, and transport properties in air and reducing conditions, as well as chemical stability and compatibility towards typical electrolytes have been systematically studied. All Sr2Fe1.4TixMo0.6−xO6−δ compounds exhibit a regular crystal structure with Pm-3m space group, showing excellent stability in oxidizing and reducing conditions. The increase of Ti-doping content in materials increases the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC), oxygen content change, and electrical conductivity in air, while it decreases the conductivity in reducing condition. All three materials are stable and compatible with studied electrolytes. Interestingly, redox stable Sr2Fe1.4Ti0.1Mo0.5O6−δ, possessing 1 μm grain size, low TEC (15.3 × 10−6 K−1), large oxygen content change of 0.72 mol·mol−1 between 30 and 900 °C, satisfactory conductivity of 4.1–7.3 S·cm−1 in 5% H2 at 600–800 °C, and good transport coefficients D and k, could be considered as a potential anode material for SOFCs, and are thus of great interest for further studies

Exploration of the g-C3N4 Heterostructure with Ag–In Sulfide Quantum Dots for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Photocatalysis is an effective technology to convert solar energy into chemical energy, which has attracted great attention for the degradation of water pollutants and the hydrogen production by water splitting. The nonmetallic polymer g-C3N4 (GCN) can meet the thermodynamic conditions of photocatalytic water splitting, but its performances are not satisfying due to its narrow light absorption range and high recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers. Among metal sulfide semiconductors, Ag–In sulfide quantum dots (AIS QDs), such as AgInS2, show excellent visible light absorption and promising photoactivity. In this work, AIS QDs-modified GCN is synthesized by an in situ growth method in mild conditions. The photocatalytic activity of the AIS-QDs/GCN nanocomposite is notably higher than that of the pure phase g-C3N4. Especially, the sample containing 10 wt % AIS QDs has the best activity in both tetracycline degradation and hydrogen generation, reaching 48.5% degradation efficiency in 1 h of visible light exposure (3.2 times that of GCN) and a hydrogen evolution rate of 62.3 μmol·g–1·h–1 (that of bare GCN being negligible). The optical and photoelectrochemical characterization highlights the interplay between the two components, suggesting that the enhanced photocatalytic activity of AIS-QDs/GCN is mainly due to the broadening of the light absorption range, the acceleration of charge transfer, and the reduction of the carrier pair recombination rate due to the formation of a type-II heterojunction inside the composite catalyst. This work is among the first attempts to modify g-C3N4 with polysulfide quantum dots to improve its catalytic performance, and the results provide an important step for advances in the application of these systems