Positive Definite Tensors to Nonlinear Complementarity Problems

The main purpose of this note is to investigate some kinds of nonlinear complementarity problems (NCP). For the structured tensors, such as, symmetric positive definite tensors and copositive tensors, we derive the existence theorems on a solution of these kinds of nonlinear complementarity problems. We prove that a unique solution of the NCP exists under the condition of diagonalizable tensors.Comment: 11 page

Exploring Hybrid Question Answering via Program-based Prompting

Question answering over heterogeneous data requires reasoning over diverse sources of data, which is challenging due to the large scale of information and organic coupling of heterogeneous data. Various approaches have been proposed to address these challenges. One approach involves training specialized retrievers to select relevant information, thereby reducing the input length. Another approach is to transform diverse modalities of data into a single modality, simplifying the task difficulty and enabling more straightforward processing. In this paper, we propose HProPro, a novel program-based prompting framework for the hybrid question answering task. HProPro follows the code generation and execution paradigm. In addition, HProPro integrates various functions to tackle the hybrid reasoning scenario. Specifically, HProPro contains function declaration and function implementation to perform hybrid information-seeking over data from various sources and modalities, which enables reasoning over such data without training specialized retrievers or performing modal transformations. Experimental results on two typical hybrid question answering benchmarks HybridQA and MultiModalQA demonstrate the effectiveness of HProPro: it surpasses all baseline systems and achieves the best performances in the few-shot settings on both datasets

miR-96/HBP1/Wnt/β-catenin regulatory circuitry promotes glioma growth

AbstractWe found that miR-96 is overexpressed in glioma, and its level inversely correlates with the survival of patients. The reduction in miR-96 abundance suppresses the proliferation and colony formation of glioma cells. The tumorigenicity of U-87 MG cells is reduced by miR-96 silencing. miR-96 contributes to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in glioma cells. HMG-box transcription factor 1 (HBP-1), a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor, is suppressed by miR-96. The reactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling causes an increase in the proliferation of glioma cells, and a decrease in miR-96 expression. On the other hand, HBP1 silencing promotes miR-96 expression. Collectively, miR-96 contributes to the progression of glioma by enhancing the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, and the miR-96/HBP1/Wnt/β-catenin regulatory circuitry promotes the proliferation of glioma cells

Multi-Task Self-Supervised Learning for Disfluency Detection

Most existing approaches to disfluency detection heavily rely on human-annotated data, which is expensive to obtain in practice. To tackle the training data bottleneck, we investigate methods for combining multiple self-supervised tasks-i.e., supervised tasks where data can be collected without manual labeling. First, we construct large-scale pseudo training data by randomly adding or deleting words from unlabeled news data, and propose two self-supervised pre-training tasks: (i) tagging task to detect the added noisy words. (ii) sentence classification to distinguish original sentences from grammatically-incorrect sentences. We then combine these two tasks to jointly train a network. The pre-trained network is then fine-tuned using human-annotated disfluency detection training data. Experimental results on the commonly used English Switchboard test set show that our approach can achieve competitive performance compared to the previous systems (trained using the full dataset) by using less than 1% (1000 sentences) of the training data. Our method trained on the full dataset significantly outperforms previous methods, reducing the error by 21% on English Switchboard

Ultra-wideband, Wide Angle and Polarization-insensitive Specular Reflection Reduction by Metasurface based on Parameteradjustable Meta-Atoms

In this paper, an ultra-wideband, wide angle and polarization-insensitive metasurface is designed, fabricated, and characterized for suppressing the specular electromagnetic wave reflection or backward radar cross section (RCS). Square ring structure is chosen as the basic meta-atoms. A new physical mechanism based on size adjustment of the basic meta-atoms is proposed for ultra-wideband manipulation of electromagnetic (EM) waves. Based on hybrid array pattern synthesis (APS) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, the selection and distribution of the basic meta-atoms are optimized simultaneously to obtain the ultra-wideband diffusion scattering patterns. The metasurface can achieve an excellent RCS reduction in an ultra-wide frequency range under x- and y-polarized normal incidences. The new proposed mechanism greatly extends the bandwidth of RCS reduction. The simulation and experiment results show the metasurface can achieve ultra-wideband and polarization insensitive specular reflection reduction for both normal and wide-angle incidences. The proposed methodology opens up a new route for realizing ultra-wideband diffusion scattering of EM wave, which is important for stealth and other microwave applications in the future

The Ageing of μPlasma Modified Polymers:the Role of Hydrophilicity

Thermoplastic polymers exhibit relatively limited surface energies and this results in poor adhesion when bonded to other materials. Plasma surface modification offers the potential to overcome this challenge through the functionalisation of the polymer surfaces. In this study, three polymers of differing hydrophobicity (HDPE, PA12, and PA6) were subjected to a novel, atmospheric, μPlasma surface treatment technique, and its effectiveness at increasing the surface energies was evaluated via measurement of the contact angle. To characterise the physical and chemical changes following μPlasma surface modification, the surface morphology was observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the functionalisation of the surface was evaluated using infrared spectroscopy. Immediately after treatment, the contact angle decreased by 47.3° (HDPE), 42.6° (PA12), and 50.1° (PA6), but the effect was not permanent in that there was a pronounced relaxation or ageing phenomenon in operation. The ageing process over five hours was modelled using a modified stretched exponential function Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts (KWW) model, and it was found that the ageing rate was dependent on the hydrophilicity of polymers, with polyamides ageing more rapidly than polyethylene