Hordeum geniculatum (Poaceae) en el NE de la península ibérica

Hordeum geniculatum, native to the Iberian Peninsula, is recorded from the lower reaches of the river Ebro. This population constitutes a significant new record for Catalonia, although its presence over seventy years ago in the Maresme is testified by two herbarium sheets from Malgrat de Mar, where it is now probably extinct.Hordeum geniculatum, gramínea autóctona en la Península Ibérica, se cita en el tramo bajo del río Ebro. Esta población constituye una nueva cita de importancia para Cataluña, aunque se han detectado evidencias de su antigua presencia en el Maresme en dos pliegos de herbario recolectados en Malgrat de Mar, donde hoy día es probable que se haya extinguido

Fundamental investigation of losses of skeletal mineral in young adult human males and collaterally in young adult male pigtail monkeys /macacus nemestrima/ through immobilization for varying periods of time, coupled with a study of methods of preven

Skeletal mineral losses in young adult humans and monkeys resulting from immobilizatio

Teaching Inquiry-Based STEM in the Elementary Grades Using Manipulatives: A SySTEMic Solution Report

Young learners come to school holding myriad conceptions about how the world works, particularly in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, or STEM.1-3 Further, young students\u27 conceptions are commonly based on fragmented knowledge or naïve perspectives that contribute to the importance of early exposure to and practice with scrutinizing situations scientifically.1,3 An important part of helping children gain the skills necessary to approach situations scientifically involves preparing them to conduct scientific inquiry.3 The development of critical thinking skills and scientific approaches to problem solving should begin early in education.4 However, lack of elementary teacher comfort and familiarity with inquiry may be a significant barrier hindering early learner experience with and development of inquiry skills.5 Additionally, although engineering topics are particularly well suited for teaching inquiry, most teachers, like the general public, are not well versed in engineering. Therefore, teachers are excellent candidates for participation in professional development that enhances their knowledge and comfort with teaching inquiry-based STEM curriculum and engineering content in particular

A SySTEMic Solution: Elementary Teacher Preparation in STEM Expertise and Engineering Awareness

Research shows that most K-5 teachers are typically required to complete only minimal coursework in science and mathematics, which constrains their knowledge, efficacy, and confidence for teaching STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) content. Additionally, elementary teachers, like much of the general public, have limited comprehension about the relationship between STEM concepts and engineering fields and the kind of work and societal contributions made by engineers. Yet, elementary school is a critical time in which students develop foundational understanding of STEM concepts, career options, and inquiry learning. To address students\u27 STEM needs and limited teacher preparation, the Idaho SySTEMic Solution research project was implemented by the College of Education and College of Engineering at Boise State University, in partnership with the Meridian Joint School District and educational products and services company PCS Edventures! Funded by the U.S. Department of Education, the Idaho SySTEMic Solution is a STEM education initiative designed to advance achievement and confidence among elementary-age learners and their teachers. Phase I of the Idaho SySTEMic Solution, which is the subject of this report, focuses on teachers, with the goal of increasing their STEM content knowledge, instructional practices, awareness of engineering, and overall confidence for teaching STEM concepts. Phase I began with a three-day summer institute for 39 elementary teachers at seven schools representing socioeconomic diversity in the largest school district in Idaho. To measure the results of the workshop, several data collection methods were utilized, for pre- and post-intervention assessment. Repeated measures analyses revealed significant teacher increase in confidence to teach STEM curriculum (p \u3c .01), positive increase in engineering attitudes (p \u3c .01) and increase in STEM teaching efficacy (p \u3c .01) over the course of the threeday workshop. We attribute these changes to the content and context of the workshop instruction

Costs and cost effectiveness of cardiovascular screening and intervention: The British family heart study

This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund and is available from the specified link - Copyright @ 1996 BMJ Publishing Group.Objective-To measure costs and cost effectiveness of the British family heart study cardiovascular screening and intervention programme.Design-Cost effectiveness analysis of randomised controlled trial. Clinical and resource use data taken from trial and unit cost data from external estimates.Setting-13 general practices across Britain.Subjects-4185 men aged 40-59 and their 2827 partners.Intervention-Nurse led programme using a family centred approach, with follow up according to degree of risk.Main outcome measures-Cost of the programme itself; overall short term cost to NHS; cost per 1% reduction in coronary risk at one year.Results-Estimated cost of putting the programme into practice for one year was pound 63 per person (95% confidence interval pound 60 to pound 65). The overall short term cost to the health service was pound 77 per man (pound 29 to pound 124) but only pound 13 per woman (-pound 48 to pound 74), owing to differences in utilisation of other health service resources. The cost per 1% reduction in risk was pound 5.08 per man (pound 5.92 including broader health service costs) and pound 5.78 per woman (pound 1.28 taking into account wider health service savings).Conclusions-The direct cost of the programme to a four partner practice of 7500 patients would be approximately pound 58 000. Annually, pound 8300 would currently be paid to a practice of this size working to the ma target on the health promotion bands, plus any additional reimbursement of practice staff salaries for which the practice qualified. The broader short term costs to the NHS may augment these costs for men but offset them considerably for women

Impact and experiences of vestibular disorders and psychological distress: Qualitative findings from patients, family members and healthcare professionals.

INTRODUCTION: People with vestibular disorders frequently experience reduced quality of life and challenges with activities of daily living. Anxiety, depression and cognitive problems often co-present with vestibular disorders and can aggravate symptoms and prolong clinical recovery. We aimed to gain in-depth insights into the impact of vestibular disorders and the contribution of psychological factors by exploring multistakeholder perspectives. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted between October 2021 and March 2022 with 47 participants in the United Kingdom including: 20 patients (age M = 50.45 ± 13.75; 15 females), nine family members (age M = 61.0 ± 14.10; four females), and 18 healthcare professionals. Data were analysed using framework analysis. RESULTS: Vestibular disorders impact diverse aspects of patients' lives including work, household chores, socialising, and relationships with family and friends. Being unable to engage in valued activities or fulfil social roles contributes to feelings of grief and frustration, affecting identity, confidence, and autonomy. Anxiety and low mood contribute to negative thought processes, avoidance, and social withdrawal, which can impede clinical recovery through reduced activity levels, and end engagement with treatment. Coping strategies were thought to help empower patients to self-manage their symptoms and regain a sense of control, but these require oversight from healthcare providers. CONCLUSIONS: Daily activity limitations, social participation restrictions, and psychological distress can interact to impact quality of life, sense of self, and clinical recovery amongst people with vestibular disorders. Information and resources could aid societal awareness of the impact of vestibular disorders and help patients and families feel understood. An individualised and comprehensive approach that concurrently addresses mental, physical, social, and occupational needs is likely to be beneficial. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: Two group meetings were held at the beginning and end of the study with a patient and public involvement network formed of people with vestibular disorders and family members. These individuals commented on the study aims, interview schedule, participant recruitment practices, and interpretation of the themes identified. Two core patient members were involved at all stages of the research. These individuals contributed to the formulation of the interview schedule, development and application of the coding scheme, development and interpretation of themes, and preparation of the final manuscript

Transcriptional regulation of the urokinase receptor (u-PAR) - A central molecule of invasion and metastasis

The phenomenon of tumor-associated proteolysis has been acknowledged as a decisive step in the progression of cancer. This short review focuses on the urokinase receptor (u-PAR), a central molecule involved in tumor-associated invasion and metastasis, and summarizes the transcriptional regulation of u-PAR. The urokinase receptor (u-PAR) is a heavily glycosylated cell surface protein and binds the serine protease urokinase specifically and with high affinity. It consists of three similar cysteine-rich repeats and is anchored to the cell membrane via a GPI-anchor. The u-PAR gene comprises 7 exons and is located on chromosome 19q13. Transcriptional activation of the u-PAR promoter region can be induced by binding of transcription factors (Sp1, AP-1, AP-2, NF-kappaB). One current study gives an example for transcriptional downregulation of u-PAR through a PEA3/ets transcriptional silencing element. Knowledge of the molecular regulation of this molecule in tumor cells could be very important for diagnosis and therapy in the near future