62 research outputs found

    Biodegradación anaerobia de clorofenoles en aguas residuales

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    Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Sección Departamental de Ingeniería Química; Fecha de lectura: 20/07/201

    Sistematización de la información técnico científica generada en investigaciones en cuyes del repositorio de la ESPOCH.

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    El presente trabajo de titulación tuvo como objetivo sistematizar la información técnico científica generada en investigaciones en cuyes del repositorio de la ESPOCH, para lo cual se organizó la información de los trabajos de investigación relacionados a la crianza y manejo técnico de cuyes en varias tablas de contenido, con los resultados expuestos por cada autor, desarrollados entre los años 2005-2020. La sistematización de la información se llevó a cabo en el periodo académico comprendido entre octubre 2020 – marzo 2021. Se siguió el esquema propuesto por Oscar Jara Holliday explicado en el trabajo, “Orientaciones teórico-prácticas para la sistematización de experiencias” Para una mayor facilidad se creó una base de datos que contó con la información necesaria para organizar cada uno de los trabajos de titulación dentro de las categorías y grupos propuestos; se organizó la información en tablas y gráficos las cuales contuvieron información como pesos iniciales, pesos finales, ganancia de peso, beneficio costo, rendimientos a la canal, etc. Finalmente se realizó el respectivo análisis. Obteniendo así los siguientes resultados: 130 trabajos de titulación organizados en un total de 26 tablas y 10 gráficos que contienen los datos de trabajos de titulación realizados dentro de un periodo de 15 años entre el 2005 y 2020 y además se organizó en las siguientes categorías: alimentación, biofertilizantes, curtición, sanidad. Se concluyó que al sistematizar la información se hizo más fácil la difusión y localización de la información referente a parámetros productivos del cuy. Se recomienda utilizar la información recopilada en este documento como una guía en el comportamiento productivo de cuyes en el Ecuador.The objective of this study was to systematize the scientific technical information generated in guinea pigs research from the ESPOCH repository, for which the information of the research work related to the breeding and technical management of guinea pigs was organized in several tables of contents, with the results presented by each author, developed between the years 2005-2020. The systematization of information was carried out in the academic period from October 2020 to March 2021. The outline proposed by Oscar Jara Holliday explained in the paper, “Theoretical-practical orientations for the systematization of experiences”, was followed. To make it easier, a database was created that had the necessary information to organize each of the degree works within the proposed categories and groups; the information was organized in tables and graphs which contained information such as initial weights, final weights, weight gain, cost benefit, canal yields, etc. Finally, the respective analysis was carried out. Thus obtaining the following results: 130 degree works organized in a total of 26 tables and 10 graphs that contain the data of degree works carried out within a period of 15 years between 2005 and 2020 and was also organized into the following categories: food, biofertilizers, tanning, health. It was concluded that by systematizing the information, the dissemination and location of information regarding the productive parameters of the guinea pig became easier. It is recommended to use the information collected in this document as a guide in the productive behavior of guinea pigs in Ecuador

    Comparison of bioaugmented EGSB and GAC–FBB reactors and their combination with aerobic SBR for the abatement of chlorophenols

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    The biological abatement of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (246TCP) and its chlorinated degradation byproducts using anaerobic and aerobic biological reactors coupled in series has been studied. The performance of an anaerobic fluidized bed biofilm reactor (FBBR) and expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors bioaugmented with Desulfitobacterium strains was compared within a wide range of 246TCP loading rates. The bioaugmentation of an EGSB reactor with Desulfitobacterium strains enhanced the chlorophenols removal efficiency and the stability against high toxic shocks. The FBBR showed an even higher stability, but also improved the dechlorination efficiency and required a shorter start-up period than the bioaugmented EGSB reactor. Thus, it was selected as the preferred anaerobic system. The subsequent treatment of the effluents from the anaerobic reactors in an aerobic sequencing batch reactor allowed complete dechlorination and improved mineralization up to 85% TOC reduction with a substantial abatement of the ecotoxicity, which was diminished in more than 80%Spanish MCI through the project CTM 2013-43803-

    Interpretable Deep Models for Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy Response Prediction

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    Advances in deep learning (DL) have resulted in impressive accuracy in some medical image classification tasks, but often deep models lack interpretability. The ability of these models to explain their decisions is important for fostering clinical trust and facilitating clinical translation. Furthermore, for many problems in medicine there is a wealth of existing clinical knowledge to draw upon, which may be useful in generating explanations, but it is not obvious how this knowledge can be encoded into DL models - most models are learnt either from scratch or using transfer learning from a different domain. In this paper we address both of these issues. We propose a novel DL framework for image-based classification based on a variational autoencoder (VAE). The framework allows prediction of the output of interest from the latent space of the autoencoder, as well as visualisation (in the image domain) of the effects of crossing the decision boundary, thus enhancing the interpretability of the classifier. Our key contribution is that the VAE disentangles the latent space based on `explanations' drawn from existing clinical knowledge. The framework can predict outputs as well as explanations for these outputs, and also raises the possibility of discovering new biomarkers that are separate (or disentangled) from the existing knowledge. We demonstrate our framework on the problem of predicting response of patients with cardiomyopathy to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) from cine cardiac magnetic resonance images. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed model on the task of CRT response prediction are 88.43% and 84.39% respectively, and we showcase the potential of our model in enhancing understanding of the factors contributing to CRT response.Comment: MICCAI 2020 conferenc

    Biological and Bioelectrochemical Systems for Hydrogen Production and Carbon Fixation Using Purple Phototrophic Bacteria

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    Domestic and industrial wastewaters contain organic substrates and nutrients that can be recovered instead of being dissipated by emerging efficient technologies. The aim of this study was to promote bio-hydrogen production and carbon fixation using a mixed culture of purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) that use infrared radiation in presence or absence of an electrode as electron donor. In order to evaluate the hydrogen production under electrode-free conditions, batch experiments were conducted using different nitrogen (NH4Cl, Na-glutamate, N2 gas) and carbon sources (malic-, butyric-, acetic- acids) under various COD:N ratios. Results suggested that the efficiency of PPB to produce biogenic H2 was highly dependent on the substrates used. The maximum hydrogen production (H2_max, 423 mLH2/L) and production rate (H2_rate, 2.71 mLH2/Lh) were achieved using malic acid and Na-glutamate at a COD:N ratio of 100:15. Under these optimum conditions, a significant fixation of nitrogen in form of single-cell proteins (874.4 mg/L) was also detected. Under bio-electrochemical conditions using a H-cell bio-electrochemical device, the PPB were grown planktonic in the bio-cathode chamber with the optimum substrate ratio of malic acid and Na-glutamate. A redox potential of −0.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) under bio-electrochemical conditions produced comparable amounts of bio-hydrogen but significantly negligible traces of CO2 as compared to the biological system (11.8 mLCO2/L). This suggests that PPB can interact with the cathode to extract electrons for further CO2 re-fixation (coming from the Krebs cycle) into the Calvin cycle, thereby improving the C usage. It has also been observed during cyclic voltammograms that a redox potential of −0.8 V favors considerably the electrons consumption by the PPB culture, suggesting that the PPB can use these electrons to increase the biohydrogen production. These results are expected to prove the feasibility of stimulating PPB through bio-electrochemical processes in the production of H2 from wastewater resources, which is a field of special novelty and still unexplored

    Oral active vitamin D is associated with improved survival in hemodialysis patients

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    Injection of active vitamin D is associated with better survival of patients receiving chronic hemodialysis. Since in many countries oral active vitamin D administration is the most common form of treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism we determined the survival benefit of oral active vitamin D in hemodialysis patients from six Latin America countries (FME Register as part of the CORES study) followed for a median of 16 months. Time-dependent Cox regression models, after adjustment for potential confounders, showed that the 7,203 patients who received oral active vitamin D had significant reductions in overall, cardiovascular, infectious and neoplastic mortality compared to the 8,801 patients that had not received vitamin D. Stratified analyses found a survival advantage in the group that had received oral active vitamin D in 36 of the 37 strata studied including that with the highest levels of serum calcium, phosphorus and parathyroid hormone. The survival benefit of oral active vitamin D was seen in those patients receiving mean daily doses of less than 1 microg with the highest reduction associated with the lowest dose. Our study shows that hemodialysis patients receiving oral active vitamin D had a survival advantage inversely related to the vitamin dose
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