Poverty Level and Conflicts Over Money Within Families

The Depression of the 1930s was followed ahalf century later by the depression of the 1980s.Voydanoff (1990) noted that the restructuring ofthe American economy during the late 1980s wasaccompanied by increasing le\.els of economicdistress. Aspects of economic distress, includingemployment instability, emplo~ment uncertainty,economic deprivation, and economic strain havebeen found to be related to individual adjustmentand family relations. Thus. changes in theeconomy during the 1980s ha1.e resulted inchanges in family life (Voydanoff, 1990). Forexample, McVeigh and Shostak ( 1978) reportedthat poverty is associated with a lack of decenthousing and an inadequate diet Other correlatesof poverty include low educational attainment anda lack of proper medical care

ANALISIS STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELLING TENTANG RELASI GENDER, TINGKAT STRES, DAN KUALITAS PERKAWINAN PADA KELUARGA PENERIMA PROGRAM KELUARGA HARAPAN (PKH)

Poverty is one of major socio-economics problems in Indonesia. Poverty level of indonesia in 2009 is 15.42 percent. Therefore, government implements Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), as one of the poverty alleviation efforts. The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of gender relations toward wife’s symptom of stress and marriage quality in PKH family’s receivers. The objectives of the study were: (1) To described the socio-economic and demographic of the family, (2) to know the gender relations, (3) To explained the symptoms of stress, (4) To found out the marriage quality, and (5) To analyzed the factors affecting marriage quality. The respondents were the wives of 131 poor families. This was a cross sectional study which was performed among poor families in Bogor District, West Java province during May to June 2009. Arround three-fourth (75%) of the samples had gender perspectives in good category. Around half (54%) of the samples had imbalanced distributions of roles between husband and wife, that was shown by husband’s dominance in public sectors, and wife’s dominance in domestic sectors. Arround three-fourth (72%) of the samples had mild symptom of stress, and had happiness and satisfaction toward their marriage. Finally, based on Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), it was shown that the marriage quality was directly influenced by the stress’ symptom of wife. Thus, the lower level of wife’s symptom of stress, then the higher the level of marriage quality. Unfortunately, this study could not prove that gender relations effect the marriage qualit

PERSEPSI PERAN GENDER TERHADAP PEKERJAAN DOMESTIK DAN PUBLIK PADA MAHASISWA IPB

One of the purposes of the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) is to pursue the gender equality and women empowerment to eradicate the gender gap. In general, there has been existed partnership between men and women in daily living. The aims of the study were to analyze: (1) The characteristics of the undergraduate students, (2) The characteristics of the students’ family (parents’ education, parents’ occupation, and family income), and (3) the perception of students toward gender roles in domestic and publicsocial activities. Results pointed out that women are viewed by community as actors who have roles in expresssive figures and have functions as care taker and educator of the family, while men are viewed by community as actors who have roles in instrumental figures and have functions as main breadwinner. Women have more gender perspective than men. It means that women have thought in more flexible ways that gender roles could be changed and exchanged between men and women. Based on the Spearmen correlation test, it showed that the more individual has gender perspectives in domestic gender roles, the more that individual has gender perspectives in public and social roles, and vice versa. Finally, there was indication that the higher the social status of the father, then the more perception of the father toward public and social roles that tended to be part of the men’s roles rather than women’s roles, as patriarchy system placed men to be main breadwinners

GENDER ANALYSIS OF COPING BEHAVIOUR, E-LIFESTYLE, AND HAPPINESS ON MILLENNIAL GENERATION IN COVID-19 PANDEMIC ERA

Changes that occur due to the Covid-19 pandemic are faced by all people, including the millennial generation. This study aims to analyze coping behavior, e- lifestyle, and happiness of the millennial generation during the Covid-19 pandemic based on gender. The research was conducted by a cross-sectional study using a non-probability voluntary sampling method. Data collection was carried out in April, and the study samples were obtained from 32 males and 68 females. Primary data was taken using a google form distributed to the millennial generation aged 22-41 years and living in Bogor, West Java. The location was chosen considering West Java has a happiness index (70.23) below the national happiness index (71.49) and is included in the five provinces with a low happiness index. The results of the descriptive analysis show that coping behavior, e- lifestyle, and happiness of the millennial generation during the Covid-19 pandemic are in the moderate category. The results of the different tests found no significant differences by gender in coping behavior, e-lifestyle, and millennial happiness. The SEM-PLS model shows that coping behavior significantly affects e- lifestyle. In addition, it was also found that coping behavior had a significant effect on the happiness of the millennial generation during the pandemic. Based on the results of this study, the happiness of the millennial generation during the Covid-19 pandemic is important, one of which is through coping behavior

PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK SOSIAL EKONOMI KELUARGA TERHADAP POLA ASUH BELAJAR SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DAN MENENGAH PERTAMA

The main purpose of this research was to know the effect of family socio-economic characteristics towards parenting pattern of studying habits among elementary and secondary high schools. The respondents were parents from elementary and secondary high school. This was a cross sectional study which was performed among 400 parents at District of Indramayu, West Java Province in February-March 2009 who was selected purposively by the school principals. This research used the secondary data from the research investigated by Puspitawati et al. (2009) with title of “Parent Satisfaction Survey of Basic Education Services Provided by Decentralized School System“ that was funded by PRMAP-ADB and Bappenas collaborated with LPPM-IPB. The results showed that most of respondents facilitated their children’s education at home with quite good level of facilities at home. It was shown that parents implemented parenting pattern of studying habits among their children with moderate level of parenting pattern. Based on SEM analysis, it was found that parenting pattern of studying habits performed by parents was influenced directly positive by family social characteristics among elementary students; it was influenced directly and indirectly negative by family social characteristics among secondary high school students; and it was influenced directly positive by family economic characteristics and education facilities at home among all students

PENGARUH STRATEGI PENYEIMBANGAN ANTARA AKTIVITAS PEKERJAAN DAN KELUARGA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA SUBJEKTIF PADA PEREMPUAN BEKERJA DI BOGOR: Analisis Structural Equation Modelling

The main purpose of this research was to know the effect of working women’s strategy in balancing between work and family towards the subjective family well-being. The respondents were working women who work in full-time and had a husband and a child or children. This was a cross sectional study which was performed among 50 working women in Bogor in March 2005. Almost all respondents were experienced in working because they have been working for about 15 years. The families of all respondents were in middleupper class families. The results showed that most of respondents performed the strategy of balancing between work and family activities. The overall subjective family well-being was measured by respondents’ satisfaction towards their resources and conditions of physically, economically, socially, and psychologically. It was found that the strategic of women that tend to prioritize the family purposes had positive effect to the subjective family well-being

THE INFLUENCE OF MARITAL PROPERTY AND LIFE-ADJUSTMENT TO THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF SINGLE FAMILY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The divorce rate in Indonesia is increasing along with the Covid-19 pandemic that is sweeping the entire world. West Java has the worst divorce rate in Indonesia, with 102,151 divorce cases. Implementing social distancing and workers from home (WFH) set by the government makes the burden borne by single mothers heavier. This study aims to analyze the influence of Marital Property and life adjustment on the quality of life of a single-family during the Covid-19 pandemic. A functional, structural approach and social conflict theory were used in this study. This research design is a cross-sectional study with online questionnaire tools. The research sample of 65 people was selected by voluntary sampling in West Java. This study found a correlation and effect between marital property and life adjustment on quality of life. The results of the typology analysis of each variable are in a low category

PENGARUH NILAI EKONOMI PEKERJAAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN KELUARGA SUBYEKTIF

The analysis of the economic value of wives’ household productions is less likely to be paid attention. The aims of this study were to measure the economic value of wives’ household productions and the factors that affected the economic value of household productions and family subjective quality of life. The study was conducted at Hambaro Village, Sub-District of Nanggung, Bogor that was chosen purposively, in April to August 2008, by using cross sectional study design. The samples were 110 housewives. Results showed that the average of economic value of household productions done by housewives was around Rp 6.223,00 daily. It was found that most of families were categorized as poor families both from an income approach and from an expenditure approach. The results also showed that mothers tend to allocate their time longer for her female than male child under five years old (for caring and parenting), thus, the economic value of household productions for parenting domestic activities was higher for female than male child. Moreover, the economic value was lower with the increased of child age, however, the value was higher with the higher the numbers of child under five years old. The results also showed that there were positive effects of numbers of family members, the length of husband’s education, wife’s age, the child’s age, expenditure/capita/month and the economic value of household productions for maintaining home activities toward the family subjective quality of life. Lastly, there was a negative effect of husband’s age towards the family subjective quality of life

The Influence of Gender Roles and Coping Strategies to The Fishermen’s Family Happiness Index

Seasonal changes will have an impact on the lives of fishermen’s families, especially the economic sector. Changes in the sea and non-sea seasons have an impact on family cooperation in survival. These effects will be seen in the gender role of husband and wife in solving problems in fishermen’s families. This study aims to analyze the effect of gender roles and coping strategies on fishermen’s family happiness index. The study design used a cross-sectional study with interviews and questionnaire assistance. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling with respondents of 40 fishermen’s families in the Toboali District, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The gender role variables, coping strategies, and fishermen’s family happiness index are in the medium category. There is a correlation between coping strategies with the happiness index of fishermen’s families. The number of family members shows a significant negative effect on the happiness index in the sea and non-sea seasons. Meanwhile, coping strategies present a significant positive effect on the happiness index of fishermen’s families in the sea and non-sea seasons

Poverty Level and Conflicts Over Money Within Families

The Depression of the 1930s was followed ahalf century later by the depression of the 1980s.Voydanoff (1990) noted that the restructuring ofthe American economy during the late 1980s wasaccompanied by increasing le\.els of economicdistress. Aspects of economic distress, includingemployment instability, emplo~ment uncertainty,economic deprivation, and economic strain havebeen found to be related to individual adjustmentand family relations. Thus. changes in theeconomy during the 1980s ha1.e resulted inchanges in family life (Voydanoff, 1990). Forexample, McVeigh and Shostak ( 1978) reportedthat poverty is associated with a lack of decenthousing and an inadequate diet Other correlatesof poverty include low educational attainment anda lack of proper medical care