The Relationships Between Teachers' Perceptions of Principal Leadership and Teachers' Perceptions of School Climate

This research considered relationships among teachers' perceptions of principal leadership and teachers' perceptions of school climate by using the Leadership Practices Inventory (LPI) survey and the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (Revised) for Middle Schools (OCDQ-RM) survey. Teachers from six middle schools in the same district participated in the study. Teachers also responded to five demographic questions pertaining to gender, age, years of teaching experience, length of time with principal, and level of education. The findings indicated that the subscales of the LPI were inter-correlated while the subscales of the OCDQ-RM were independent. Male teachers tended to perceive principals as being more restrictive than did female teachers. The data indicated that there were differences in perceptions of teachers based upon length in the profession. Teachers' perceptions of principal leadership behaviors were related to their perceptions of school climate. High scores on the LPI, as perceived by teachers, suggested that teachers perceived the school climate to be open. Conversely, low scores on the LPI, as perceived by teachers, indicated a closed school climate. In addition, the study indicated that beginning teachers did not feel open or have professional interactions with veteran teachers. In general, the teachers perceived principal behavior to be influential on school climate

The folding, assembly, and intracellular transport of murine class I major histocompatibility complex heavy chains

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology, 1997.Includes bibliographical references.by Robert Pulleyn Machold.Ph.D

Controversy surrounding the increased expression of TGFβ1 in asthma

Asthma is a waxing and waning disease that leads to structural changes in the airways, such as subepithelial fibrosis, increased mass of airway smooth muscle and epithelial metaplasia. Such a remodeling of the airways futher amplifies asthma symptoms, but its etiology is unknown. Transforming growth factor β1 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in many fibrotic, oncologic and immunologic diseases and is believed to play an essential role in airway remodeling that occurs in asthmatic patients. Since it is secreted in an inactive form, the overall activity of this cytokine is not exclusively determined by its level of expression, but also by extensive and complex post-translational mechanisms, which are all importanin modulating the magnitude of the TGFβ1 response. Even if TGFβ1 upregulation in asthma is considered as a dogma by certain investigators in the field, the overall picture of the published litterature is not that clear and the cellular origin of this cytokine in the airways of asthmatics is still a contemporaneous debate. On the other hand, it is becoming clear that TGFβ1 signaling is increased in the lungs of asthmatics, which testifies the increased activity of this cytokine in asthma pathogenesis. The current work is an impartial and exhaustive compilation of the reported papers regarding the expression of TGFβ1 in human asthmatics. For the sake of comparison, several studies performed in animal models of the disease are also included. Inconsistencies observed in human studies are discussed and conclusions as well as trends from the current state of the litterature on the matter are proposed. Finally, the different points of regulation that can affect the amplitude of the TGFβ1 response are briefly revised and the possibility that TGFβ1 is disregulated at another level in asthma, rather than simply in its expression, is highlighted

Molino Ruston-Clayton

Lámina perteneciente a Material agricola: descripción de las maquinas é instrumentos que constituyen el material agricola moderno comparado con el antiguo ... Disponible en http://hdl.handle.net/10396/51

Bidden op z'n Grieks

Part of book or chapter of boo

Prayer in Greek religion

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D183021 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo