2,356 research outputs found
Re-Interpretation of Mañjuśrī in Central and East Java
This article will begin with a brief look at the origins of Mañjuśrī from south Nepal, his popularity in China and the many depictions of him in eastern India and Java. More importantly, it will re-interpret a selected group of the Boddhisattva Mañjuśri in the human form with one head and two arms. The statues produced in both bronze, silver and stone, all with similar attributes identifying him as Mañjuśrī. The theoretical framework follows the various representation of Mañjuśrī statues from eastern India to a Kumārabhūta form only in Central Java and a single form of Arapacana in East Java. Within this framework, it will evaluate the stylistic features, attributes and the sartorial style of statues from both regions of Java, with details not previously discussed by past scholars, particularly looking at the textile patterns found on several of the statues.When the Mañjuśrī statues appeared in Central Java, various forms of the youthful Kumārabhūta or royal prince emerged, where he appeared to be particularly popular. Despite past knowledge of these statues, this paper allows for a new research direction and highlights the change in Mañjuśrī styles from Central to East Java. Similarly, various forms of Mañjuśrī Arapacana from eastern India transpire in East Java with this one unique statue of Arapacana from Caṇḍi Jago
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Distributed simulation and the grid: Position statements
The Grid provides a new and unrivaled technology for large scale distributed simulation as it enables collaboration and the use of distributed computing resources. This panel paper presents the views of four researchers in the area of Distributed Simulation and the Grid. Together we try to identify the main research issues involved in applying Grid technology to distributed simulation and the key future challenges that need to be solved to achieve this goal. Such challenges include not only technical challenges, but also political ones such as management methodology for the Grid and the development of standards. The benefits of the Grid to end-user simulation modelers also are discussed
A study of project management knowledge and sustainable outcomes in Thailand’s reproductive health projects
In Thailand, numerous reproductive health projects funded by both national and international agencies have been established in an attempt to mitigate reproductive health problems. Solving problems on reproductive health projects that only have temporary funding requires effective project management that hopefully leads to better long-term desired outcomes. This paper identifies the association between collaborative reproductive health (CRH) project management and sustainable outcomes. The Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide) is employed to benchmark project management practices on four CRH projects in Thailand. The research methodology presented in this paper comprises of content analysis and questionnaire survey. It is evident that limited use of certain project management knowledge areas (PMKAs) affects CRH project implementation and success. The association between the use of PMKAs and sustainable outcomes on these projects is also presented. Scope, integration and quality management were found to be the most influential PMKAs for sustainable outcomes on CRH projects. Nevertheless, the projects showed a shortage of project management processes for PMKAs that were required to attain the outcomes.Jantanee Dumrak, Bassam Baroudi, Stephen Pulle
Increasing structural and functional complexity in self-assembled coordination cages
Progress in metallo-supramolecular chemistry creates potential to synthesize functional nano systems and intelligent materials of increasing complexity. In the past four decades, metal-mediated self-assembly has produced a wide range of structural motifs such as helicates, grids, links, knots, spheres and cages, with particularly the latter ones catching growing attention, owing to their nano-scale cavities. Assemblies serving as hosts allow application as selective receptors, confined reaction environments and more. Recently, the field has made big steps forward by implementing dedicated functionality, e.g. catalytic centres or photoswitches to allow stimuli control. Besides incorporation in homoleptic systems, composed of one type of ligand, desire arose to include more than one function within the same assembly. Inspiration comes from natural enzymes that congregate, for example, a substrate recognition site, an allosteric regulator element and a reaction centre. Combining several functionalities without creating statistical mixtures, however, requires a toolbox of sophisticated assembly strategies. This review showcases the implementation of function into self-assembled cages and devises strategies to selectively form heteroleptic structures. We discuss first examples resulting from a combination of both principles, namely multicomponent multifunctional host–guest complexes, and their potential in application in areas such as sensing, catalysis, and photo-redox systems
Constraining the Star Formation Rate using Joint CIB Continuum and [CII] Intensity Mapping
Line intensity mapping (LIM) experiments probing the nearby universe can
expect a considerable amount of cosmic infrared background (CIB) contiuum
emission coming from near and far-infrared galaxies. For the purpose of using
the LIM data to constrain the star formation rate (SFR), we argue that the CIB
continuum - traditionally treated as contamination - can be combined with the
LIM signal to enhance the SFR constraints achievable. We first present a power
spectrum model that is capable of joining continuum and line emissions that
assume the same prior SFR model. We subsequently analyze the effectiveness of
the joint model in the context of the EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture
Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM), which utilizes the [CII] molecular line to study
the SFR. We numerically compute the theoretical power spectra according to our
model and the EXCLAIM survey specifics, and perform Fisher analysis to obtain
SFR parameter constraints. We find that although the joint model has no
considerable advantage over LIM alone assuming the current survey level of
EXCLAIM, its effects become significant when we consider more optimistic values
of survey resolution and angular span that are expected of future LIM
experiments. By manipulating the Fisher formalism, we show that the CIB is not
only an additional SFR sensitive signal, but also serves to break the SFR
parameter degeneracy that naturally emerges from the [CII] Fisher matrix. For
this reason, addition of the CIB will allow improvements in the survey
parameters to be better reflected in the SFR constraints, and can be
effectively utilized by future LIM experiments.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, will submit to MNRA
Establishing online examination guidelines: Preliminary results from an ACDS Teaching and Learning Project 2022
In recent years, many universities in Australia and worldwide have seen major changes to their teaching and learning delivery. This includes assessment strategies, an example of which are summative final examinations. Historically, closed-book, in-person, paper-based final examinations were commonly used across the sector (Williams & Wong, 2009). However, during the COVID-19 pandemic many universities moved from traditional paper-based examinations to online delivery (Dicks et al., 2020). Online examinations have been delivered in a variety of formats, and with different implementations. Thus, we are at an opportune time to re-evaluate assessment for and of learning to ensure that we make pedagogically informed changes and establish robust procedures moving forward.
In this research, funded by an Australian Council of Deans of Science (ACDS) Teaching and Learning Project grant 2022, we present the preliminary results of a multi-institution exploration of first-year undergraduate examinations in STEM subjects comparing end-of-semester examinations from 2019–2021. To determine the pedagogical changes that occurred, we undertook a multi-step analysis of:
i) Question type and format;
ii) Order of thinking pattern required to respond to questions (Agarwal, 2019);
iii) Classification of question according to Bloom’s Taxonomy (Bloom et al., 2001);
iv) Level of abstraction.
Outcomes from our data analysis will inform practitioners and decision-makers on best practices whilst balancing university and student expectations, with delivering authentic assessment experiences. Our research is enabling us to make meaningful recommendations for best practice in Australian STEM subjects for summative examinations, including design that considers both technological as well as pedagogical aspects required to deliver effective assessments.
REFERENCES
Agarwal, P. (2019). Retrieval Practice & Bloom’s Taxonomy: Do Students Need Fact Knowledge Before Higher Order Learning? Journal of Educational Psychology, 111(2), 189–209. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000282.
Bloom, B. S., Airasian, P., Krathwohl, D. R., Cruikshank, K., Mayer, R., Pintrich, P., Raths, J., & Wittrock, M. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Anderson, L. W., Bloom, B. S., Krathwohl, D. R., (Eds.), Longman: New York.
Dicks, A. P., Morra, B., & Quinlan, K. B. (2020). Lessons learned from the COVID-19 crisis: Adjusting assessment approaches within introductory organic courses. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(9) 3406–3412. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00529.
Williams, J. B., & Wong, A. (2009). The efficacy of final examinations: A comparative study of closed-book, invigilated exams and open-book, open-web exams. British Journal of Educational Technology, 40(2) 227–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2008.00929.x
Radially resolved measurement of stator heat transfer in a rotor-stator disc system
This paper describes a new experimental method for measuring stator heat transfer in a rotor–stator disc system using an electrical heater array. The system is partially blocked at the periphery, with radial outflow of rotor-pumped air from an inlet at stator centre. The aim is to improve thermal performance prediction for air-cooled disc type electrical machines. Local Nusselt numbers were measured for 0.63e5 for all gap ratios. Increased Nusselt numbers at the periphery are observed for all Reθ and G because of the ingress of ambient air along the stator due to the rotor pumping effect
A New Probe of the High-z BAO scale: BAO tomography With CMB LIM-Nulling Convergence
Standard rulers such as the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) scale serve as
workhorses for precision tests of cosmology, enabling distance measurements
that probe the geometry and expansion history of our Universe. Aside from BAO
measurements from the cosmic microwave background (CMB), most standard ruler
techniques operate at relatively low redshifts and depend on biased tracers of
the matter density field. In a companion paper, we explored the scientific
reach of nulling estimators, where CMB lensing convergence maps are
cross-correlated with linear combinations of similar maps from line intensity
mapping (LIM) to precisely null out the low-redshift contributions to CMB
lensing. We showed that nulling estimators can be used to constrain the high
redshift matter power spectrum and showed that this spectrum exhibits
discernible BAO features. Here we propose using these features as a standard
ruler at high redshifts that does not rely on biased tracers. Forecasting such
a measurement at , we find that next-generation instruments will be
able to constrain the BAO scale to percent-level precision at , while
our futuristic observing scenario can constrain the BAO scale to
precision. This constitutes a fundamentally new kind of BAO measurement during
early epochs in our cosmic history.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:2309.0647
Constraining Cosmology With the CMB LIM-Nulling Convergence
Lensing reconstruction maps from the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
provide direct observations of the matter distribution of the universe without
the use of a biased tracer. Such maps, however, constitute projected
observables along the line of sight that are dominated by their low-redshift
contributions. To cleanly access high-redshift information, Maniyar et al.
showed that a linear combination of lensing maps from both CMB and line
intensity mapping (LIM) observations can exactly null the low-redshift
contribution to CMB lensing convergence. In this paper we explore the
scientific returns of this nulling technique. We show that LIM-nulling
estimators can place constraints on standard CDM plus neutrino mass
parameters that are competitive with traditional CMB lensing. Additionally, we
demonstrate that as a clean probe of the high-redshift universe, LIM-nulling
can be used for model-independent tests of cosmology beyond CDM and as
a probe of the high-redshift matter power spectrum.Comment: 20 pages, 14 figure
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