Tularemia (rabbit fever) in Minnesota

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Canine distemper

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Infectious canine hepatitis

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Trichinosis and meat

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Toxoplasmosis and your cat

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Fish tapeworm and human health

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

The sulfa residue problem in swine

1 online resource (PDF, 2 pages)This archival publication may not reflect current scientific knowledge or recommendations. Current information available from the University of Minnesota Extension: https://www.extension.umn.edu

Polyatomic Molecular Structure Retrieval using Laser-Induced Electron Diffraction

Laser-induced electron diffraction is a developing dynamical imaging technique that is already able to probe molecular dynamics at few-femtosecond temporal resolutions and has the potential to reach the sub-femtosecond level. Here we provide the recipe for the extension of the technique to polyatomic molecules and we demonstrate the method by extracting the structure of aligned and anti-aligned acetylene (C₂H₂). We show that multiple bond lengths can be simultaneously imaged at high accuracy including elusive hydrogen containing bonds. Our results open the door to the investigation of larger complex molecules and the realization of a true molecular movie

Polyatomic Molecular Structure Retrieval using Laser-Induced Electron Diffraction

Laser-induced electron diffraction is a developing dynamical imaging technique that is already able to probe molecular dynamics at few-femtosecond temporal resolutions and has the potential to reach the sub-femtosecond level. Here we provide the recipe for the extension of the technique to polyatomic molecules and we demonstrate the method by extracting the structure of aligned and anti-aligned acetylene (C₂H₂). We show that multiple bond lengths can be simultaneously imaged at high accuracy including elusive hydrogen containing bonds. Our results open the door to the investigation of larger complex molecules and the realization of a true molecular movie

Increased Foxo3a nuclear translocation and activity is an early neuronal response to βγ-secretase mediated processing of the Amyloid-β-Protein Precursor Protein: Utility of an AβPP-GAL4 reporter assay

Sequential cleavage of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by BACE1 (β-secretase) followed by the γ-secretase complex, is strongly implicated in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) but the initial cellular responses to these cleavage events are not fully defined. β-secretase-mediated AβPP processing yields an extracellular domain (sAβPPβ) and a C-terminal fragment of APP of 99 amino acids (C99). Subsequent cleavage by γ-secretase produces amyloid-β (Aβ) and an APP intracellular domain (AICD). A cellular screen based on the generation of AICD from an AβPP-Gal4 fusion protein was adapted by introducing familial AD (FAD) mutations into the AβPP sequence and linking the assay to Gal4-UAS driven luciferase and GFP expression, to identify responses immediately downstream of AβPP processing in neurons with a focus on the transcription factor Foxo3a which has been implicated in neurodegeneration. The K670N/M671L, E682K, E693G, V717I FAD mutations and the A673T protective mutation, were introduced into the AβPP sequence by site directed mutagenesis. When expressed in mouse cortical neurons AβPP-Gal4-UAS driven luciferase and GFP expression was substantially reduced by γ-secretase inhibitors, lowered by β-secretase inhibitors and enhanced by α-secretase inhibitors suggesting that AICD is a product of the β-secretase pathway. AβPP-Gal4-UAS driven GFP expression was exploited to identify individual neurons undergoing amyloidogenic AβPP processing, revealing increased nuclear localization of Foxo3a and enhanced Foxo3a-mediated transcription downstream of AICD production. Foxo3a translocation was not driven by AICD directly but correlated with reduced Akt phosphorylation. Collectively this suggests that βγ-secretase-mediated AβPP processing couples to Foxo3a which could be an early neuronal signaling response in AD