The role of a positive trigger event in actioning authentic leadership development.

Authenticity can best be understood in context, and context implies action (Payne, 1996). For the purpose of this study, leadership in general, and authentic leadership in particular, were explored in terms of the actions of former mayor of New York City, Rudolph Giuliani, who displayed authentic leadership in action during the tragic aftermath of the World Trade Centre attacks. Authentic leadership development tends to be triggered by a negative event (as in the case of 9/11 for Giuliani, for example). Since there is limited knowledge of how a positive event may trigger authentic leadership development, the aim of this study was to explore the potential of Appreciative Inquiry (AI) - an affirmative mode of action research - as a positive trigger event for authentic leadership development. The results indicated that this positive approach to change could indeed be implemented for this purpose

DETERMINAÇÃO DE PARÂMETROS NA RELAÇÃO ENTRE O REGULADOR E OS CONCESSIONÁRIOS DE TRANSMISSÃO DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA: UMA ABORDAGEM PRINCIPAL-AGENTE

In order to stimulate the quality of the service, ANEEL introduced penalties in the contracts with the concessionaires of public services of transmission of electric energy in the case which the transmission facilities are turned off, be for accident or for maintenance. In this sense, a variable value was instituted whose amount is discounted of the transmission revenue. The value of this parcel is not of easy determination, and ANEEL, based on observations, established a formula for calculation. High penalties can result in bad incentives to the entry of companies in the sector; otherwise, low penalties can induce to the offer of service of bad quality. By using the Theory Principal-agent, this work search to determine this formula so that the true objective is reached. in a rational way. In the present work we analyze the relationship ANEEL - Concessionaires by using the Theory Principalagent. The main conclusion of the work, besides the rising of the costs and of the analysis of the behavior of the concessionaires, refers to the fact that the values of the parameters used by the regulator can be established in smaller values than the now adopted, with larger economic efficiency.

Quantum particles trapped in a position-dependent mass barrier; a d-dimensional recipe

We consider a free particle,V(r)=0, with position-dependent mass m(r)=1/(1+zeta^2*r^2)^2 in the d-dimensional schrodinger equation. The effective potential turns out to be a generalized Poschl-Teller potential that admits exact solution.Comment: 6 pages, no figures, to appear in Phys. Lett.

Two-dimensional electron gas at the PbTi O3/SrTi O3 interface: An ab initio study

In the polar catastrophe scenario, polar discontinuity accounts for the driving force of the formation of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface between polar and nonpolar insulators. In this paper, we substitute the usual, nonferroelectric, polar material with a ferroelectric thin film and use the ferroelectric polarization as the source for polar discontinuity. We use ab initio simulations to systematically investigate the stability, formation, and properties of the two-dimensional free-carrier gases formed in PbTiO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures under realistic mechanical and electrical boundary conditions. Above a critical thickness, the ferroelectric layers can be stabilized in the out-of-plane monodomain configuration due to the electrostatic screening provided by the free carriers. Our simulations also predict that the system can be switched between three stable configurations (polarization up, down, or zero), allowing the nonvolatile manipulation of the free-charge density and sign at the interface. Furthermore, the link between ferroelectric polarization and free-charge density demonstrated by our analysis constitutes compelling support for the polar catastrophe model that is used to rationalize the formation of 2DEG at oxide interfaces