Nocturia has no impact on depression severity in patients suffering from depression but correlates with sleep quality

Aims. In general population, the relationship between nocturia, depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance has been widely investigated. However, there is a paucity of data analyzing the significance of nocturia for depression severity and potential influence of nocturia on sleeping problems in depressed patients. To address this vacuum, we analyzed the impact of nocturia on depression severity and sleep quality in patients suffering from depression. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional study of depressed patients treated in outpatient and inpatient Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow. All patients met the DSM-5 and ICD-10 criteria for depression. Nocturia was assessed with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), severity of depression with the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRDS), and sleep quality with the Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ). Statistical analysis was carried out using an ANOVA test (post-hoc Tukey test). Results. Totally, 98 patients were included in our analysis. Nocturia was reported by 68 individuals. Majority of our patients (35) suffered from mild depression. The mean HSDQ score was 78.8 (range 32–146). Our analysis rejected the impact of nocturia on depression severity (p = 0.625) but revealed statistically significant correlation between nocturia and sleep quality (p = 0.037). A post-hoc test investigating the relationship between severity of nocturia and sleeping problems has demonstrated that higher number of night-time episodes of urination (at least 3 episodes) leads to significantly higher scores in the HSDQ. Conclusions. Our analysis showed no impact of nocturia on illness severity in patients suffering from depression. However, we demonstrated correlation between nocturia and sleep quality in depressed individuals. Further studies with a larger number of patients are needed to validate the obtained results

THE PHARMACOTHERAPY TIME-TO-EFFECT OF OVERACTIVE BLADDER MEDICATIONS AND TREATMENT DURATION

For Overactive Bladder (OAB) treatment, pharmacotherapy is currently deemed as a second option. However, in the current publications related to OAB, there is a significant research gap concerning the time-to-effect and duration of OAB pharmacotherapy. Such data is vital for effective and successful treatment of OAB, and hence, the study aimed to find information in this gap to assist healthcare providers in their daily activities in treating OAB. The study utilized the Web of Science databases, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and PubMed Central to find and collect the highest number of data. The literature review showed limited research concerning time-to-effect and optimal treatment duration for OAB. However, based on the available data, it can be stated that the time-to-effect of OAB pharmacotherapy would be after seven days of the initial treatment. Besides, patients with OAB can be effectively treated for 6 to 12 months before the medications are stopped but patients need to be carefully educated about a risk of symptom reoccurrence and retreatment. Those who require further medications or have a higher risk of symptom reoccurrence may need lifetime pharmacotherapy or different treatment approaches. Further research is needed to focus on the time-to-effect during the first week of medication to accurately determine when first symptom reduction occurs, and careful follow up for patients that show a positive response after the treatment has been ceased

Population-level prevalence, effect on quality of life, and treatment behavior for erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation in Poland

Abstract The prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) has been investigated in many population-based studies in different regions of the world. However, reliable data are lacking for Eastern Europe. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence, effect on quality of life, and treatment-related behaviors for ED and PE in a population-representative sample of Polish men. We used an Internet interview format and rigorously adapted, widely accepted instruments for ED and PE evaluation. The study included 3001 men, representative for age and place of residence and adequate proportions of respondents from urban and rural areas. The prevalence of ED was 30.1–61.1%, and the prevalence of PE was 19.3–38.1%; there were no differences between urban and rural areas. Whereas the prevalence of ED increased with age, the prevalence of PE did not increase. More than 50% of respondents with ED and more than 60% of respondents with PE had concerns about their quality of life. However, less than one fourth of participants with ED and PE were seeking treatment, most of whom received treatment. The results of our nationwide analysis, reflecting the entire Polish population of men, are consistent with other epidemiologic studies of ED and PE and may support educational campaigns and health improvement programs in Poland

Polish translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the five-item International Index of Erectile Function

INTRODUCTION: Erectile dysfunction (ED) affects men worldwide and impairs physical and mental health and quality of life. Use of specific ED-dedicated tools is currently recommended to assess ED severity. A widely used instrument is the International Index of Erectile Function short form (IIEF-5). The IIEF-5 was not yet rigorously translated and adapted in Polish. Therefore, the aim of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the IIEF-5 in Polish to extend its applicability as an evaluation tool for clinical and research settings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Professional, sworn, independent translators, in cooperation with Polish language specialists and the authors, translated the IIEF-5 into Polish according to standardized forward–backward procedures. The final translated version was further assessed during direct interviews with 30 men who had ED and who were recruited from the Department of Urology, Jagiellonian University, Poland. The content, wording, applicability, and cultural relevance of the translation were discussed with all the included patients. RESULTS: The expert panel composed of the authors, translators, and Polish language specialists produced the Polish version of the IIEF-5. Thirty Polish-speaking men with ED, most with organic and severe ED, completed the questionnaire. All the participants agreed that the instrument was clear, easy to understand, complete, and quick to finish. No items were missing. CONCLUSIONS: The Polish version of the IIEF-5 is a valid tool to determine ED severity. This evaluation instrument is valuable for clinical and research use, including use for population-based studies on ED prevalence and for interpreting findings among international studies

Early Fesoterodine Fumarate Administration Prevents Neurogenic Detrusor Overactivity in a Spinal Cord Transected Rat Model.

In spinal cord injury, onset of detrusor overactivity (DO) is detrimental for quality of life (incontinence) and renal risk. Prevention has only been achieved with complex sophisticated electrical neuromodulation techniques.To assess the efficacy of early fesoterodine fumarate (FF) administration in preventing bladder overactivity in a spinal cord transected (SCT) rat model.33 Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to 6 groups-Group 1: 3 normal controls; Group 2: 6 SCT controls; Group 3: 6 SCT rats + FF 0.18 mg/kg/d; Group 4: 6 SCT rats + FF 0.12 mg/kg/d; Group 5: 6 SCT rats + FF 0.18 mg/kg/d + 72-h wash-out period; Group 6: 6 SCT rats + FF 0.12 mg/kg/d + 72-h wash-out period. SCT was performed at T10. FF was continuously administered. Cystometry was undertaken 6 weeks after SCT in awake rats recording intermicturition pressure (IMP), baseline pressure, threshold pressure (Pthres) and maximum pressure (Pmax). Normal controls and SCT controls were initially compared using the Mann-Whitney U tests in order to confirm the SCT effect on cystometric parameters. The comparisons in cystometric and metabolic cage parameters between SCT controls and treated rats were done using post-hoc Dunn's tests for Kruskal-Wallis analysis. Statistical testing was conducted at the two-tailed α-level of 0.05.Pressure parameters were significantly higher in SCT control group compared to normal controls. Six weeks after SCT, IMP was significantly lower in low dose treated group than in SCT controls. Pmax was significantly lower in 3 treated groups compared to SCT controls. Pthres was significantly lower in full time treated groups than in SCT controls.Early administration of FF modulates bladder overactivity in a SCT rat model. Whereas short-term prevention has been demonstrated, the long-term should be further analyzed. Clinical application of these results should confirm this finding through randomized research protocols

Maximum pressure (Groups 2–6).

<p>Pmax: Maximum pressure SCT control (Group 2): untreated SCT rats; FF 0.18 (Group 3): SCT rats treated with FF 0.18 mg/kg/day; FF 0.12 (Group 4): SCT rats treated with FF 0.12 mg/kg/day; FF 0.18 + WOP (Group 5): SCT rats treated with FF 0.18 mg/kg/day + 72-h wash-out period; FF 0.12 + WOP (Group 6): SCT rats treated with FF 0.12 mg/kg/day + 72-h wash-out period.</p

Cystometric parameters–comparison of Group 2 to Group 1.

<p>Cystometric parameters–comparison of Group 2 to Group 1.</p