Institutional forms of help for people with disability and their expectations. A research based on interviews conducted with adults with disabilities

People with disabilities constitute a significant group in a social environment that requires many different forms of assistance and support, especially of institutional character. In Poland, institutional assistance for adults with disabilities has a heterogeneous dimension and includes both financial and non-financial assistance. The multiplicity and variety of forms of help and support offered to adults with disabilities by different (state) institutions indicates that everyone with disabilities can benefit from the help that is most appropriate for them. On the basis of in-depth interviews conducted with adults with disabilities, we wanted to check to what extent the proposed forms of help and institutional support meet the expectations of people with different disabilities, especially in respect to their professional and adult life, how people with disabilities assess the activities of these institutions and how the professional situation of people with disabilities looks like. The conclusions and guidelines for the practice this paper contains were constructed based on the material from the interviews we carried out with adults with disabilities

Impact of Support (MCF, ZrO2, ZSM-5) on the Efficiency of Ni Catalyst in High-Temperature Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Hydrogen-Rich Gas

The main objective of this work was to evaluate an impact of a support on the efficiency of nickel catalysts in the high-temperature conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrogen-rich gas. The most important parameters influencing catalytic performance of the catalysts were identified. The properties of three materials (ZSM-5, ZrO2, and MCF (mesostructured cellular foam)) used as a support differing in surface acidity, surface area, pore structure, ability to interact with an active phase, and resistance to coking, have been studied. The results revealed that Ni/MCF, characterized by large pore size and pore volume, low acidity, small NiO crystallites size, and moderate interaction with the active phase, is the most efficient among studied catalysts, while an application of Ni on ZSM-5 support with high-acidity was not beneficial. The results suggest that structure of the support, in particular larger pore size and a better contact between an active phase and reaction intermediates, play an important role in the formation of gaseous products during thermal decomposition of lignocellulosic feedstock. On the other hand, high acidity of the support did not increase the formation of large amounts of hydrogen-rich gaseous products