ฤทธิ์การเป็นเอสโตรเจนของสารสกัดจากชุมเห็ดเล็ก (Senna occidentalis (L.) Link) ในหนูตัดรังไข่โดยวิธี Vaginal Cornification Assay Estrogenic Activity of Coffee Senna (Senna occidentalis (L.) Link) Extracts in Ovariectomized Rats Using Vaginal Cornification A

บทคัดย่อวัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อศึกษาฤทธิก์ ารเป็นเอสโตรเจนของสารสกัดที่สกัดด้วยเอทานอลจากใบชุมเห็ดเล็ก (Senna occidentalis(L.) Link) ต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงของเซลล์เนื้อเยื่อผิวช่องคลอดและระดับฮอร์โมนของหนูตัดรังไข่ วิธีการศึกษา: ใช้หนูสายพันธุ์ Sprague Dawleyจำนวน 24 ตัว น้ำหนัก 200 - 250 กรัม ที่ถูกตัดรังไข่(ovariectomized) ได้รับสารสกัดจากใบชุมเห็ดเล็กที่ความเข้มข้นที่แตกต่างกันคือ 250 และ 500 มก./กก. น้ำหนักตัว ติดต่อกันเป็นระยะเวลา 14 วัน ทำการป้ายเนื้อเยื่อผิวช่องคลอด (Vagina smear) บนสไลด์แล้วศึกษาชนิดของเซลล์ด้วยกล้องจุลทรรศน์ ผลการศึกษา: สารสกัดของใบชุมเห็ดเล็กที่ความเข้มข้นทัง้ สองความเข้มข้นสามารถกระตุ้นเพิ่มจำนวนเซลล์คอร์นิฟายด์ได้ หลังจากหนูตัดรังไข่ได้รับสารสกัดเป็นระยะเวลาตั้งแต่วันที่ 7 และ 8 ตามลำดับ และหนูที่ได้รับสารสกัดความเข้มข้น 500 มก./กก. น้ำหนักตัว มีแนวโน้มเพิ่มระดับฮอร์โมนเอสตราไดออล สรุป: สารสกัดจากชุมเห็ดเล็กแสดงฤทธิก์ ารเป็นเอสโตรเจนได้ในหนูตัดรังไข่ได้ ซึ่งแสดงให้เห็นว่าอาจใช้ช่วยรักษาอาการผู้หญิงวัยหมดประจำเดือนได้คำสำคัญ: Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, เอสโตรเจน, เซลล์เนื้อเยื่อผิวช่องคลอด, หนูตัดรังไข่AbstractObjective: To study estrogenic activities of ethanolic extracts of CoffeeSenna (SennaoccidentalisL. Link) leaves on vaginal cornification assay andhormone levels of ovariectomized rats. Method: Twenty-fourovariectomized Sprague Dawley rats, weighting 200 - 250 g wereadministered with S. occodentalis extracts at the different doses (250 and500 mg/kg body weight). These ovariectomized rats were treated for 14days. The vaginal smears were spread on a glass slide and studied usingthe light microscope. Results: The extracts of Coffee Senna at the dosesof 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight could induce an increase in cornifiedcells in the 7th and 8th days, respectively. In ovariectomized rats receivingS. occidentalis leaves extract at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight, theirestradiol levels were more likely to increase. Conclusion: The S.occidentalisleaves extract exhibits estrogenic activity in ovariectomized rats,suggesting a possible therapeutic effect for postmenopausal symptoms.Keywords: Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, estrogen, vaginal cornification,ovariectomized rat

Sindora stipitata (Detarioideae, Leguminosae), a new species from Thailand

Sindora stipitata, a new species in the subfamily Detarioideae (Leguminosae), collected from Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to S. leiocarpa but differs in its smaller stature (3–5 m high), 6-foliolate paripinnate leaves, falcate persistent stipules, presence of a petal auricle, absence of a petal claw, stipitate ovary and capitate stigma. A key to the Thailand and Malesia species of Sindora is provided

A new species of Amorphophallus (Araceae) from northeastern Thailand

Amorphophallus sakonnakhonensis Chatan & Promprom, a new species from northeastern Thailand, is described and illustrated. The new species is most similar to A. harmandii Engl. & Gehrm. and A. linearis Gagnep., but it is distinguished by the combination of characters as follows: clear differences with A. harmandii are shorter style; disc-like, slightly smooth surface, concave centre, ca. 0.2 × 0.1 mm stigma; slightly cylindrical, slightly narrower upper part of staminate flower zone; slightly cylindrical to elongate-fusiform, erect or slightly erect, creamy white appendix. The clearly distinct morphology with A. linearis are disc-like, slightly smooth surface, concave centre, ca. 0.2 × 0.1 mm stigma; elliptic or obovate leaflet; 1–3 cm long, creamy white appendix. The preliminary conservation status was assessed, and the distinct characteristics of similar species were discussed

Effects of dietary supplementation of spray dried hog plum (Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz) fruit powder on growth, digestive enzyme activity, and skin mucus immune parameters of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1972)

The effects of dietary supplementation of spray-dried hog plum (Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz) fruit powder (SPP) on growth, digestive enzyme activity, and skin mucus immune parameters of climbing perch (Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1972)) were examined. The fish (N = 330; 2.00±0.1 g) were assigned to five groups in triplicates. They were fed different SPP levels at 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 g/kg diet for eight weeks. Flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, glycosides, and glycosides were detected in SPP. The SPP containing diet significantly improved growth parameters (P 0.05). Intestinosomatic and hepatosomatic indices significantly declined in the fish fed SPP added diets (P < 0.05). There were significant elevations in digestive enzyme activities, amylase, protease, lipase, trypsin, pepsin, and esterase, in the tested fish compared to the control fish (P < 0.05). Additionally, fish fed SPP containing diets showed a significant enhancement of total protein, immunoglobulin M, lysozyme, antiprotease, alkaline phosphatase, and esterase in the skin mucus compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Significantly higher levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total antioxidant capacity were detected in fish fed SPP containing diets compared to the control (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary SPP supplementation can effectively enhance fish growth, digestive enzyme activities, and mucosal immune parameters in the climbing perch. The suitable level of SPP observed in this present study was 13.00 – 15.88 g/kg diet

A new species of Dischidia (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from North-eastern Thailand

Dischidia phuphanensis Chatan & Promprom, a new species from north-eastern Thailand, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to D. tonkinensis Costantin, but is distinguished by the shape of its leaves, the apices of the staminal corona lobes, the colour of the corolla and the absence of a corolline corona. The distinguishing characters of similar species are discussed. A key for the identification of those species in Thailand without pitcher-like leaves is provided

A new species of Dischidia (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from North-eastern Thailand

Dischidia phuphanensis Chatan & Promprom, a new species from north-eastern Thailand, is described and illustrated. The new species is similar to D. tonkinensis Costantin, but is distinguished by the shape of its leaves, the apices of the staminal corona lobes, the colour of the corolla and the absence of a corolline corona. The distinguishing characters of similar species are discussed. A key for the identification of those species in Thailand without pitcher-like leaves is provided

A new species of Dischidia (Apocynaceae, Asclepiadoideae) from North-eastern Thailand

Volume: 144Start Page: 23-3

Evaluation of Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Fruit Pulp Extracts of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne and Cucurbita maxima Duchesne

Objective. To evaluate and compare the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of fruit pulp extracts from Cucurbita moschata (PCMOS) and Cucurbita maxima (PCMAX). Methods. The antidiabetic activity was carried out in vivo by orally and daily giving the extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg·b.w. to the streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino Wistar rats for six weeks. After the period of administration, blood glucose levels, body weight, serum insulin, morphology of islets of Langerhans, biochemical parameters, and haematological values of the rats were determined. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity was carried out in vitro by determination of total phenolic and flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Results. PCMAX significantly (p<0.05) reduced blood glucose levels but increased the body weight, serum insulin levels, size and number of islets of Langerhans, and β-cell number of the treated diabetic rats more than PCMOS did. However, they did not alter biochemical parameters and haematological values of the treated diabetic rats. PCMAX possessed total phenolic and flavonoid contents and showed DPPH scavenging and FRAP reducing antioxidant power more significantly (p<0.05) than PCMOS. Conclusions. According to the obtained results, it is indicated that PCMOS and PCMAX possess antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. PCMAX possesses more potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities than PCMOS. These are probably due to PCMAX providing polysaccharide and total phenolic and flavonoid contents more than PCMOS