Rare earth metal-containing ionic liquids

As an innovative tool, ionic liquids (ILs) are widely employed as an alternative, smart, reaction media (vs. traditional solvents) offering interesting technology solutions for dissolving, processing and recycling of metal-containing materials. The costly mining and refining of rare earths (RE), combined with increasing demand for high-tech and energy-related applications around the world, urgently requires effective approaches to improve the efficiency of rare earth separation and recovery. In this context, ionic liquids appear as an attractive technology solution. This review addresses the structural and coordination chemistry of ionic liquids comprising rare earth metals with the aim to add to understanding prospects of ionic liquids in the chemistry of rare earths

Strategy of innovative development in the enterprise management system

У статті розкрито зміст та концептуальні основи стратегування інноваційного розвитку в системі управління підприємства в сучасних умовах посилення конкурентної боротьби на внутрішніх і зовнішніх ринках. Особливу увагу приділено етапам розробки та реалізації інноваційної стратегії, що дозволяє структурувати формування інноваційної стратегії та виділити необхідні складові цього процесу у відповідності до новітніх тенденцій розвитку менеджменту. Проаналізовано недоліки в управління інноваційними процесами на підприємстві. Запропоновано удосконалення управління на підприємстві відповідно до сучасної концепції інклюзивної інноваційної діяльності. Виявлено, що стратегування інноваційного розвитку в системі управління підприємства сприяє формуванню відносин соціального партнерства між соціумом, владою та бізнесом, що стимулює та активізує їх економічну активність, мотивує до ефективного та раціонального використання наявного потенціалу або прийняття управлінських рішень з пошуку додаткових можливостей підвищення рівня конкурентоспроможності.В статье раскрыто содержание и концептуальные основы cтpaтегирования инновационного развития в системе управления предприятия в современных условиях ужесточения конкурентной борьбы на внутренних и внешних рынках. Особенное внимание уделено этапам разработки и реализации инновационной стратегии, что позволяет структурировать формирование инновационной стратегии и выделить необходимые составляющие этого процесса в соответствии с новейшими тенденциями развития менеджмента. Проанализированы недостатки в управление инновационными процессами на предприятии. Предложено совершенствования управления на предприятии в соответствии с современной концепцией инклюзивного инновационной деятельности. Обнаружено, что стpaтегирование инновационного развития в системе управления предприятия способствует формированию отношений социального партнерства между социумом, властью и бизнесом, что стимулирует и активизирует их экономическую активность, мотивирует к эффективному и рациональному использованию имеющегося потенциала или принятию управленческих решений в процессе поиска дополнительных возможностей повышения уровня конкурентоспособности.The article reveals the content and conceptual foundations of strategic innovation development in the enterprise management system in modern conditions of toughening competition in domestic and foreign markets. Particular attention is paid to the stages of development and implementation of an innovative strategy, which allows you to structure the formation of an innovative strategy and highlight the necessary components of this process in accordance with the latest management development trends. The shortcomings in the management of innovation processes in the enterprise are analyzed. It is proposed to improve the management of the enterprise in accordance with the modern concept of inclusive innovation. It was found that stratification of innovative development in the enterprise’s management system contributes to the formation of social partnership relations between society, government and business, which stimulates and activates their economic activity, motivates the efficient and rational use of existing potential or the adoption of managerial decisions in the search for additional opportunities to increase competitiveness.The authors received no direct funding for this research

Sustainable Urban Mining of Critical Elements from Magnet and Electronic Wastes

A straightforward and environment-friendly process for acid-free leaching of rare-earth elements and cobalt, which are critical materials, from waste magnet materials has been developed. The process also allows for selective leaching of rare-earth elements from magnet-containing electronic wastes, such as end-of-life hard disk drives and electric motors. The use of copper salts eliminates the use of volatile toxic acids in the dissolution and separation processes, which allows for a more eco-friendly approach to recovering critical elements and a safer work environment. Recovered critical materials were shown to be suitable for reinsertion into the materials supply chain

Unprecedented chemical transformation: crystallographic evidence for 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroxyethane captured within an Fe6Dy3 single molecule magnet

A nonanuclear {Fe6Dy3} coordination cluster displaying SMM behaviour in which an unprecedented chemical transformation provides structural information for the existence of 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroxyethane is reported

Intracluster interactions in butterfly {Fe3 LnO2} molecules with the non-Kramers ions Tb(III) and Ho(III)

The intracluster exchange interactions within the >butterfly> [Fe3Ln(μ3-O)2(CCl3COO)8(H2O)(THF)3] molecules, where Ln(III) represents a lanthanide cation, have been determined by a combination of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) along with an interaction model. We have studied the compounds with Ln=Tb and Ho, both non-Kramers lanthanides and with high uniaxial anisotropy, and Ln=Lu(III) and Y(III) as pseudolanthanides, which supply nonmagnetic Ln reference cases. At low temperature, the three Fe atoms can be considered as a self-unit with total spin SFe3=5/2. Using the element selectivity of the XMCD magnetometry, measured at the Ln L2,3 edges, together with the VSM measurements, the local magnetization of the Ln ion and the Fe3 subcluster, as a function of the field and low temperature (T≈2.5K), has been determined separately. These results are described quantitatively in the framework of a theoretical model based on an effective spin Hamiltonian, which considers the competing effects of intracluster interactions and the external applied magnetic field. The Ln-Fe3 exchange interaction within the {Fe3LnO2} cluster has been determined to be antiferromagnetic, in both Tb and Ho compounds, with JFeTb/kB=-0.13(1)K and JFeHo/kB=-0.18(1)K, respectively. In both cases, a field-induced reorientation of the Fe3 and Ln spins from antiparallel to parallel orientation takes place at a threshold field μ0H=1.1 and 2 T, for the {Fe3TbO2} and {Fe3HoO2} compounds, respectively. By comparison with other compounds of the series with uniaxial anisotropy, it is concluded that the polarizability of the Fe3 subcluster magnetic moment decreases in the trend {Fe3YO2}→{Fe3TbO2}→{Fe3HoO2}→{Fe3DyO2}, because of the increasing opposition of the exchange antiferromagnetic field caused by the Ln ion. In the Ln=Tb, Ho, and Dy, the magnetization of the whole molecule is dominated by the anisotropy of the Ln ion. The intracluster Fe3-Ln exchange interactions are very weak compared to the Ln ligand field and Fe-Fe exchange interactions.The projects MINECO (MAT2011/23791, MAT2011/27233-C02-02, and MAT2014/53921-R), DGA IMANA E34, and Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation (D.P.) are acknowledged for financial support.Peer Reviewe

Rationally designed rare earth separation by selective oxalate solubilization

A simple, environmentally benign, and efficient chemical separation of rare earth oxalates (CSEREOX) within two rare earth element (REE) subgroups has been developed. The protocol allows for selective solubilization of water-insoluble oxalates of rare earth elements, and results in efficient REE extraction even at low initial concentrations (\u3c5%) from processed magnet wastes