Effects of nanocapsules containing all-trans-retinoic acid under hemolytic and coagulation activity

The chemotherapeutic all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) used in the treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia has adverse effects on its oral administration, with which we incorporated a system of drugs, the nanocapsules, in order to have a possible improvement in solubility, photosensitivity, lower toxicity, generating pharmacological efficacy. The objective was to evaluate and compare the hemolytic and coagulation activity of the free drug (AL), nanoencapsulated (NA) and the white nanocapsules (NB) by analyzing the results of hemolysis, Prothrombin Time (PT) and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT). We developed a prospective study of treatments at different concentrations of 0.25; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5; 2.0; 2.5 μg/mL. For the first test, all concentrations showed hemolytic activity, but when compared to NA with ATRA it is observed that these carriers induced lower hemolytic toxicity. In the PT test the nanoparticles at the two lowest concentrations remained in the physiological range (12 - 15 seconds). For the APTT test the three lowest concentrations remained within the control (25 - 35 seconds). Thus, we believe there is a promising benefit of using these nanoparticles developed and no doubt further studies will be performed to confirm the responses obtained here

Tucumã extracts decreases PML/RARΑ gene expression in NB4/APL cell line

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a cancer pharmacologically treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), although well tolerated by most patients, some develop toxicity to ATRA, Differentiation Syndrome. The Amazon Biome has several fruits and oil plants rich in micronutrients, particularly carotenoids as the fruit tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum). This study analyzed the antitumor and cytoprotective activity of tucumã with and without concomitant exposure of ATRA in high concentration mimicking the toxicity of differentiation syndrome, as the potential cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic in an APL cell line. The cultured NB4 cells were exposed to ethanolic extracts of tucumã and to synergism with extracts and ATRA. Determination of proliferation, cell viability, caspases 1, 3, 8 and cell differentiation by nested RT-qPCR. The ATRA control had a strong inhibitory effect and toxicity as expected. The extracts also reduced cell proliferation by triggering apoptosis in concentration-dependent and reversing chromosome translocation, especially the lowest tested concentration of tucumã pulp extract. In the synergism, extracts act to maintain the levels of viability and apoptosis equal to the ATRA control but in contrast to drug that causes death and destruction of the genetic material, tucumã demonstrated a reduction of the gene expression indicating a possible protection against the toxicity of high concentrations of ATRA. These results suggest that fruits rich in retinoid molecules may have a cytotoxic effect against APL cells and reduced concentrations of carotenoids may act as cytoprotectors in APL cells treated with high concentrations of ATRA promoting cellular/molecular differentiation

Effects of Aging and Exercise on the Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Older Women

Abstract Purpose: The present study analyzed the effects of chronological aging and the practice of regular exercise (PRE) on the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of older women. . A smaller reduction in CRF was found in the SA group (8.0%), followed by the IA (10.3%) and I (14.3%) groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that elderly women who practice exercise regularly had a smaller reduction in CRF than those who were inactive. This suggests that the PRE at recommended levels for health purposes can attenuate the effect of aging on the CRF

Curva de crescimento de diferentes linhagens de frango de corte caipira

Objetivou-se identificar o modelo de regressão não linear mais adequado para descrever a curva de crescimento de quatro linhagens de frangos caipira e compará-las entre as linhagens. Foram utilizadas 100 aves, sendo 13 machos e 12 fêmeas de cada uma das linhagens. Foram testados 13 modelos de regressão não linear e, após a seleção do melhor modelo, foi verificada a igualdade de parâmetros e identidade de modelos não lineares. O peso médio aos 77 dias de idade foi de 3.017, 2.781, 2.724 e 2.587kg para a Pesadão, Mista, Carijó e Pescoço Pelado, respectivamente. O modelo Quadrático Logarítmico apresentou melhor ajuste dos dados para as linhagens Pesadão, Carijó e Mista, segundo o quadrado médio do resíduo e desvio médio absoluto. Para a linhagem Pescoço Pelado, os critérios estatísticos apontaram como mais adequado o modelo Polinomial Inverso, seguido do Quadrático Logarítmico. As curvas de crescimento entre machos e entre fêmeas das linhagens foram diferentes, assim, como as curvas de crescimento de machos e fêmeas dentro de linhagens. A divergência entre as classes avaliadas foi atribuída à taxa de decréscimo de peso, parâmetro c do modelo Quadrático Logarítmico. O modelo Quadrático Logarítmico pode ser utilizado para descrever a curva de crescimento das quatro linhagens. A linhagem Pesadão tem o crescimento mais acelerado e a linhagem Pescoço Pelado tem o crescimento mais lento. A partir do 35o dia de idade, sugere-se o ajuste do manejo nutricional para alterar a curva de crescimento e atender a legislação vigente e o mercado consumidor