Ischemic preconditioning attenuates portal venous plasma concentrations of purines following warm liver ischemia in man

Background/Aims: Degradation of adenine nucleotides to adenosine has been suggested to play a critical role in ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Thus, we questioned in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy whether (i) IPC will increase plasma purine catabolites and whether (ii) formation of purines in response to vascular clamping (Pringle maneuver) can be attenuated by prior IPC. Methods: 75 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: group I underwent hepatectomy without vascular clamping; group II was subjected to the Pringle maneuver during resection, and group III was preconditioned (10 min ischemia and 10 min reperfusion) prior to the Pringle maneuver for resection. Central, portal venous and arterial plasma concentrations of adenosine, inosine, hypoxanthine and xanthine were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: Duration of the Pringle maneuver did not differ between patients with or without IPC. Surgery without vascular clamping had only a minor effect on plasma purine transiently increased. After the Pringle maneuver alone, purine plasma concentrations were most increased. This strong rise in plasma purines caused by the Pringle maneuver, however, was significantly attenuated by IPC. When portal venous minus arterial concentration difference was calculated for inosine or hypoxanthine, the respective differences became positive in patients subjected to the Pringle maneuver and were completely prevented by preconditioning. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that (i) IPC increases formation of adenosine, and that (ii) the unwanted degradation of adenine nucleotides to purines caused by the Pringle maneuver can be attenuated by IPC. Because IPC also induces a decrease of portal venous minus arterial purine plasma concentration differences, IPC might possibly decrease disturbances in the energy metabolism in the intestine as well. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel

Maike Meyer Awarded Pringle Scholarship at Governors State University

The Board of Governors Bachelor of Arts degree program at Governors State University has selected Maike Meyer as its 2005 Robert A. Pringle Memorial Scholarship award recipient. The scholarship is administered through an endowment by the Pringle family. Robert Pringle, in whose name the scholarship is awarded, helped create the Board of Governors degree program in Illinois thirty years ago

Adoption and feminism: Towards framing a feminist response to contemporary developments in adoption

In 2004 the sociologist Rosemary Pringle remarked that the 'climate of apology' surrounding adoption in Australia, linked with understandable shame regarding past adoption practices and the 'stolen generation' of Aboriginal children, meant that it had become 'almost impossible' to endorse adoption as a policy option (Pringle 2004, 225). In 2004, this was an apt call for all the reasons outlined astutely by Pringle

The non-linear fluid dynamics of a warped accretion disc

The dynamics of a viscous accretion disc subject to a slowly varying warp of large amplitude is considered. Attention is restricted to discs in which self-gravitation is negligible, and to the generic case in which the resonant wave propagation found in inviscid Keplerian discs does not occur. The equations of fluid dynamics are derived in a coordinate system that follows the principal warping motion of the disc. They are reduced using asymptotic methods for thin discs, and solved to extract the equation governing the warp. In general, this is a wave equation of parabolic type with non-linear dispersion and diffusion, which describes fully non-linear bending waves. This method generalizes the linear theory of Papaloizou & Pringle (1983) to allow for an arbitrary rotation law, and extends it into the non-linear domain, where it connects with a generalized version of the theory of Pringle (1992). The astrophysical implications of this analysis are discussed briefly.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures, to be published in MNRA

Maike Meyer Awarded Pringle Scholarship at Governors State University

The Board of Governors Bachelor of Arts degree program at Governors State University has selected Maike Meyer as its 2005 Robert A. Pringle Memorial Scholarship award recipient. The scholarship is administered through an endowment by the Pringle family. Robert Pringle, in whose name the scholarship is awarded, helped create the Board of Governors degree program in Illinois thirty years ago

On Kinetic Theory Viscosity in a Rotating Gas

Clarke and Pringle (2004) derived a proper viscosity formula in a rotating gas by applying mean free path theory. We study their argument in detail and show that their result can be derived with a much simpler calculational procedure and physically clearer picture.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure; Prog. Theor. Phys. Vol. 112, No.

Pringle manoeuvre versus selective hepatic vascular exclusion in partial hepatectomy for tumours adjacent to the hepatocaval junction: A randomized comparative study

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of selective hepatic vascular exclusion versus Pringle manoeuvre in partial hepatectomy for tumours adjacent to the hepatocaval junction.MethodsA randomized comparative trial was carried out. The primary endpoint was intraoperative blood loss. The secondary endpoints were operation time, blood transfusion, postoperative liver function recovery, procedure-related morbidity and in-hospital mortality.Results160 patients were randomized into 2 groups: the Pringle manoeuvre group (n = 80) and the selective hepatic vascular exclusion (SHVE) group (n = 80). Intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements were significantly less in the SHVE group. In the SHVE group, laceration of hepatic veins happened in 18 patients. Profuse intraoperative blood loss of over 2 L happened in 2 patients but no patient suffered from air embolism because the hepatic veins were controlled. In the Pringle group, the hepatic veins were lacerated in 20 patients, with profuse blood loss of over 2 L in 7 patients and air embolism in 3 patients. The rates of postoperative bleeding, reoperation, liver failure and mortality were significantly higher and the ICU stay and hospital stay were significantly longer in the Pringle group.ConclusionsSHVE was more efficacious than Pringle manoeuvre for partial hepatectomy in patients with tumours adjacent to the hepatocaval junction

The effect of capacity, willingness and opportunity on teachers job-related performance

Kajian ini adalah berkenaan dengan faktor-faktor yang boleh mempengaruhi prestasi kerja. Ia bertumpu kepada faktor-faktor kemampuan kerja seseorang guru, kesediaan seseorang guru untuk melaksanakan tugas mereka dan peluang-peluang yang dimiliki oleh guru-guru untuk melaksanakan kerja dengan sebaik mungkin. Dengan mengubahsuai model yang dibentuk oleh Blumberg dan Pringle, kajian ini cuba melihat perkaitan antara faktor-faktor yang dicadangkan oleh Blumberg dan Pringle iaitu kemampuan, kesediaan dan peluang dengan prestasi kerja. This study is concerned with the factors that can influence the job-related performance. It focuses on factors such as a teacher's job capacity, willingness to implement their duties and opportunity to possibly enhance their works. By altering the model constructed by Blumberg and Pringle (capacity, willingness and opportunity) with job-related performance

Thomas Pringle Reconsidered

Review of Matthew Shum, Improvisations of Empire: Thomas Pringle in Scotland, the Cape Colony and London, 1789-1834. (Anthem, 2020), the first full-length critical study of the Scottish-South African poet, London literary editor, and anti-slavery activist Thomas Pringle, often regarded as the father of South African poetry