Polisacáridos de Talaromyces : su aplicación en quimiotaxonomía

Tesis Universidad Complutense de MadridEn este trabajo se han aislado, purificado y caracterizado polisacaridos extraídos de la pared celular de varias especies de talaromyces y otros géneros relacionados. En talaromyces se han encontrado varios polímeros de galactofuranosa que podrían utilizarse como marcadores quimiotaxonomicos y ayudar al establecimiento de relaciones con su estado imperfecto penicilliun. También se ha purificado una nueva enzima, una b-(1-5). Galactanasa, que podría ser de gran utilidad en posteriores estudios estructurales de polímeros que contengan b(1-5)-galactofuranosaDepto. de Genética, Fisiología y MicrobiologíaFac. de Ciencias BiológicasTRUEpu

Characterization of the heteropolysaccharides produced by Liquorilactobacillus sicerae CUPV261 and Secundilactobacillus collinoides CUPV237 isolated from cider

Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from alcoholic beverages are able to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS). The present work focuses on the physico-chemical characterization of the heteropolysaccharides (HePS) produced by Liquorilactobacillus sicerae CUPV261T (formerly known as Lactobacillus sicerae) and Secundilactobacillus collinoides CUPV237 (formerly known as Lactobacillus collinoides) strains isolated from cider. Genome sequencing and assembly enabled the identification of at least four putative HePS gene clusters in each strain, which correlated with the ability of both strains to secrete EPS. The crude EPS preparation from CUPV261T contained glucose, galactose and rhamnose, and that of CUPV237 was composed of glucose, galactose and N-acetylglucosamine. Both EPS were mixtures of HePS of different composition, with two major soluble components of average molecular weights (Mw) in the range of 106 and 104 g.mol−1. These HePS were resistant to gastric stress conditions in an in vitro model, and they significantly reduced zebrafish larvae mortality in an in vivo model of inflammatory bowel disease.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (grant RTI2018-097114-B-I00 to P.L. and M.T.D.), by the Basque Government (grants KK-2019/00076, KK-2021/00034, KK-2022/00107, IT1662-22 and PIBA_2020_1_0032 to M.T.D and O.E.) and by the University of the Basque Country (GIU19/014)

Polisacáridos de Talaromyces : su aplicación en quimiotaxonomía

En este trabajo se han aislado, purificado y caracterizado polisacaridos extraídos de la pared celular de varias especies de talaromyces y otros géneros relacionados. En talaromyces se han encontrado varios polímeros de galactofuranosa que podrían utilizarse como marcadores quimiotaxonomicos y ayudar al establecimiento de relaciones con su estado imperfecto penicilliun. También se ha purificado una nueva enzima, una b-(1-5). Galactanasa, que podría ser de gran utilidad en posteriores estudios estructurales de polímeros que contengan b(1-5)-galactofuranos

Técnicas basadas en la fluorescencia para el análisis de consorcios microbianos complejos

1 p.-4 fig.Esta investigación ha sido financiada por los proyectos MICODE (MCIN/ PID 2020-114210 RB-I00 y DEMO (MCIN/ NextGenerationEU ”/ TED 2021-130096 B-I00 Los autores agradecen a la plataforma interdisciplinar SusPlast (http :://www susplastcsic org/) del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).Peer reviewe

Deciphering the molecular components of the quorum sensing system in the fungus Ophiostoma piceae

17 p.-2 fig.-1 tab.Quorum sensing (QS) is a complex cell-cell communication mechanism that coordinates population-level behaviors in microbes. In eukaryotes, this phenomenon has been extensively described in the dimorphic yeast Candida albicans as its main QS molecule, the sesquiterpene alcohol farnesol, is responsible for various phenotypic (i.e., inhibition of yeast-to-hyphae transition, biofilm formation, and, hence, pathogenesis) and metabolic (i.e., induction of oxidative stress and apoptosis) changes. Ophiostoma piceae CECT 20416 is a dimorphic saprotrophic ascomycete with biotechnological interest that also produces farnesol as QS molecule, but in this case, the alcohol promotes the morphological transition to the mycelial form, biofilm formation, enzyme secretion, and melanin production. Here, we characterized the physiological response of Ophiostoma piceae to farnesol, the molecular components of the QS system of this fungus have been investigated using a “multiomics” approach that involved genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses. Some genes identified in this work are proposed as key factors in farnesol transport and signaling. We have also cataloged the genes undergoing major transcriptional changes triggered by the presence of the autoinducer, such as cell-wall remodeling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) protection, and melanin biosynthesis, using self-organizing maps. This analysis could be useful for applications in the forestry industry, for enzymes production, and for the valorization of residues. Furthermore, it might as well help to investigate the QS mechanisms of clinically relevant fungi phylogenetically related to Ophiostoma.This work was supported by the Spanish projects FungiQuorum (BIO2015-73697-JIN MCIN/AEI/FEDER/UE) and MICODE (PID2020-114210RB-I00 MCIN/AEI) and the JAE intro scholarship from CSIC awarded to Rodrigo Santos-Pascual. The work (proposal ID: 504782-CSP) conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (https://ror.org/04xm1d337), a DOE Office of Science User Facility, is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.Peer reviewe

Micromundo@ucm: research and awareness for the stealth pandemics of antibiotic resistance

Actualmente se estima que las resistencias antibióticas se cobran 1.270.000 vidas anualmente a nivel global. Es necesario contribuir desde multiples ángulos a preservar la efectividad de os antibióticos y descubrir nuevas etsrategias terapéuticas. MicroMundo es un proyecto de Aprendizaje-Servicio y Ciencia Ciudadana que pretende crear cultura científica y concienciación en cuestiones de Salud Global en los jóvenes. Se pretende que sean los más jóvenes, los estudiantes de ESO y Bachillerato, los responsables de la transmisión de ese conocimiento a la comunidad. Pero un segundo objetivo, no menos importante, es el de generar y potenciar vocaciones STEM e interés por el I+D en Biomedicina. Para conseguir estos objetivos, diversos equipos de estudiantes universitarios imparten y coordinan el proyecto en colegios e institutos de su comunidad, coordinados por sus tutores (profesores e investigadores del área de Microbiología de las Facultades de Farmacia, Medicina, Veterinaria y Biología, cubriendo los tres vértices del triángulo One Health: salud humana, animal y medioambiental). En la UCM, durante el curso 2021-22, treinta y dos equipos de han trabajado en unos treinta colegios e institutos, implicando a unos 600 estudiantes preuniversitarios en el trabajo experimental del proyecto.It is currently estimated that antibiotic resistance annually claims 1,270,000 lives globally. It is necessary to contribute from multiple angles to preserve the effectiveness of antibiotics and discover new therapeutic strategies. MicroMundo is a Service-Learning and Citizen Science project that aims to create a scientific culture and awareness of Global Health issues among young people. It is intended that the youngest, Secondary and Baccalaureate students, be responsible for the transmission of this knowledge to the community. But a second objective, no less important, is to generate and promote STEM vocations and interest in R&D in Biomedicine. To achieve these objectives, various teams of university students teach and coordinate the project in schools and institutes in their community, coordinated by their tutors (professors and researchers from the Microbiology area of ​​the Faculties of Pharmacy, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine and Biology, covering the three vertices of the One Health triangle: human, animal and environmental health). At the UCM, during the 2021-22 academic year, thirty-two teams have worked in thirty-two schools, involving some 600 pre-university students in the experimental work of the project.Depto. de Genética, Fisiología y MicrobiologíaDepto. de Microbiología y ParasitologíaDepto. de Sanidad AnimalSección Dptal. de Nutrición y Ciencia de los Alimentos (Veterinaria)Fac. de Ciencias BiológicasFac. de FarmaciaFac. de VeterinariaTRUEunpu