An examination of the reduction of effective impervious cover and ecosystem and watershed response

This study examined the reduction of effective impervious cover (EIC) and watershed response by Low Impact Development (LID) and stream restoration efforts. The Berry Brook Watershed Renewal Project consisted of day lighting approximately 1,100 feet of stream and installation of 13 LID systems for a combined impervious area treatment of 20.7 acres on a 185 acre watershed. Watershed response was measured and modeled by hydrologic and water quality parameters. Hydrologic daily flow analysis revealed that there was a significant decrease in average, maximum and minimum flows between preuo and postuo LID implementation and stream restoration improvements periods in the direction of a lesser developed watershed (p-value: \u3c0.0001). Analysis of direct runoff unit hydrographs for mean, median, standard deviation, skew, kurtosis and peak at two locations indicated there was no statistically significant difference between preuo and postuo. This indicates that for the period of monitoring LID implementation and stream restoration improvements were not statistically detectable in direct runoff unit hydrograph parameters. A 46% decrease in median runoff volumes was observed at the watershed terminal postuo (p-value: 0.11). ICpre mapped impervious cover was calculated to be 30.1%. PreLID EIC was determined by three methods that had excellent agreement: direct calculation of runoff depth vs. rainfall (15.6%), Sutherland (16.5%) and USGS (16.5%). PostLID EIC values were determined by three methods and had modest agreement: runoff depth vs. rainfall (11.7%), EPA method (13.8%), EIC disconnection (8.2%) and a proposed method based on water quality volume treated (10.8%). Water quality concentration improvements were observed for TSS, Zn and TP where storm event median values were reduced by (59%, 50% and 78%) (p-values: 0.018, 0.026, 0.002). At the watershed scale a comparison of pollutant loads between preup and post .LID time periods showed significant improvements in all analyzed parameters, median reductions of TSS by 95% (p-value: 0.033), TP by 97% (p-value: 0.010), and TN 80% (p-value: 0.130). Three PCSWMM watershed models were built to examine the long-term response of restoration efforts. A Premodel represented the watershed prior to improvements. Two other models were constructed to simulate the watershed post-construction with LID and stream restoration improvements. One method simulated LID implementation at the system scale (LIDmodel). The other method also simulated the watershed post-construction of LID but at the watershed scale with the use of EIC (EICmodel). A 20-year rainfall runoff simulation of the LID model, . conditions showed reductions in runoff volume by 18% and pollutant load reductions of TSS by 28%, TN by 15%, and TP by 7%. LIDmodel runoff volumes and peaks were not statistically different from the Premodel at storm depths of 1 inch or greater. The ElCmodel and LIDmodel had excellent agreement over the 20 year simulation and were not significantly different in runoff volumes. This indicates that modeling LID implementation as EIC reduction may be an acceptable method for determining runoff volume

Medical School Watercooler Newsletter - July 21, 2023

This is the July 21, 2023 edition of the Frederick P. Whiddon College of Medicine\u27s newsletter - Watercooler. Contents include: USA scientists develop new methodology to enhance study of cancer innervation Ridgeway named assistant dean of student affairs at Whiddon College of Medicine Register now for Takeover Tuesday Bassam wins national award for distinguished service USA mourns passing of Preud\u27Homme, Professor of pediatric

Cadmiumstressantwort in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - Physiologie und Analytik von Thiolen

Es ist bekannt, dass die Grünalge C. reinhardtii in Anwesenheit von Metallionen Phytochelatine (PC) synthetisiert. Obwohl der Hauptanteil des Metalls während der 48 h Exposition mit 70 µM Cd extrazellulär vorlag, war die intrazelluläre Konzentration ausreichend um eine signifikante Änderung im Thiolpeptid-Metabolismus hervorzurufen. Massenspektrometrie eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten PC sowohl auf qualitativer als auch auf quantitativer Ebene zu untersuchen. Eine ESI-MS/MS-Methode inklusive der Probenvorbereitung (z.B. Disulfidreduktion) wurde etabliert und führte zur Identifizierung von kanonischen PC und erstmals in C. r. auch Iso-PC. Für die Quantifizierung wurden die PC (a) Ferrocen derivatisiert mittels HPLC-ICP-MS und (b) nativ mittels UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysiert. Die präzise UPLC-MS-Methode zeigte, dass nach 48 h Cd Stress CysPC am höchsten konzentriert sind. Aussagen zur Synthese und physiologischen Funktion der CysPC werden nach in vivo und in silico Experimenten getroffen.von Anja Bräutiga

THE EXPRESSION OF H-2K, H-2D AND Ia ANTIGENS IN VARIOUS TISSUES AS ASSESSED IN Fc RECEPTOR INHIBITION SYSTEMS

The ability of mouse alloantibody to inhibit EA rosette formation and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was used to study the expression of H-2K, Ia and H-2D antigens in various tissues. As previously reported antisera against each of these groups of antigens inhibited B lymphocyte EA rosette formation. Continuing studies confirmed these observations but established that quantitative differences may exist in the ease with which antibody against antigens in each region can inhibit EA rosettes: anti H-2D and anti-Ia seemed stronger relative to their cytotoxic titres than anti H-2K. Possible reasons for this are discussed. When rosette forming cells from other tissues were studied, (bone marrow cells, peritoneal macrophages and tumour cells), they were inhibited by anti H-2K and anti H-2D sera but not by anti Ia sera, presumably reflecting the restricted distribution of Ia antigens in those tissues. Inhibition of ADCC by various antisera reflected qualitatively and quantitatively the expression of H-2 antigens in various tissues: whereas effector cell activity in spleen, bone marrow, or peritoneal cell populations was inhibited by anti H-2 or anti-Ia sera, the amount of inhibition observed with anti-Ia was much less when the tissue expressed little Ia antigen (bone marrow) than when it expressed abundant Ia antigen (spleen). The ability of cytotoxicity inhibition to detect antibody coated cells was used to assess the relative amount of Ia antigen on thymus and on lymph node cells, showing significant amounts of Ia antigen on thymus cells. Fc receptor inhibition studies may thus be useful as new approaches to the study of the expression of the antigens of the major histocompatibility complex.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/74647/1/j.1744-313X.1975.tb00547.x.pd

Measurement of Permeability of the Cell Membrane to Water

The water permeability was measured for blood cells from normal subjects and for blood cells from patients with leukemia. The method of measurement of the kinetics of water influx employed a stopped flow apparatus. The method of calculation of results was based on irreversible thermodynamics. The measurements and calculations were both performed with the assistance of a computer. The water permeability of the leukemic cells was decreased from normal, and the values were more variable than normal. Leukemia changes the structure of the cell membrane

The Spectrum of B Cell Neoplasia

Recent progress in our understanding of the immune system and the development of new techniques that permit the precise identification of lymphocytes have permitted a reexamination of lymphoid neoplasms. Most of the non-Hodgkin\u27s lymphomas and lymphocytic leukemias have been characterized as T or B cell neoplasms and have been shown to possess features similar to those expressed by normal lymphoid cells at different stages of maturation. The clinical significance and therapeutic implications of these discoveries are now being explored. This paper presents a concise overview of the differentiation of human B lymphocytes, the surface and cytoplasmic markers that permit their recognition, and the diverse tumors that are now known to be malignant counterparts of normal B cell elements. Particular emphasis is placed on the utility of surface and cytoplasmic immunoglobulin as unique B cell markers and on the clonal nature of B cell tumors

Estudi i optimització de l'oferta al Mercat Ibèric d'Electricitat (MIBEL)

Estudi de les ofertes reals de les companyies productores d'energia elèctrica a MIBEL i comparació de dos models alternatius de optimització de l'oferta.La nostra feina durant aquest PFC ha estat entendre el funcionament del mercat ibèric d'electricitat i fer un estudi complet de la seva oferta. Posteriorment, hem utilitzat dos models diferents d'optimització per trobar l'oferta òptima i a la vegada, veure quin d'aquests dos models és més eficient

92nd Division Makes Proud Record in France

https://dh.howard.edu/tmg_regireleases/1008/thumbnail.jp