5 research outputs found

    Epidemiology, risk factors and results of the guideline-compliant therapy of injuries of the lower urinary tract of polytraumatised patients

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    Einleitung und Hintergrund Verletzungen der unteren Harnwege beim Polytraumatisierten sind selten und ordnen sich im Mittelfeld der BehandlungsprioritĂ€ten ein, beeinflussen aber langfristig Funktion und LebensqualitĂ€t. Im Vergleich zu anderen urogenitalen Verletzungen (z.B. der Nieren) existieren verhĂ€ltnismĂ€ĂŸig wenige Daten zu diesem Problem. In dieser retrospektiven Kohortenstudie sollten die HĂ€ufigkeit und die Ergebnisse des interdisziplinĂ€ren Managements von Harnblasen- und Harnröhrenrupturen konform der interdisziplinĂ€ren S3-Leitlinie Schwerverletztenversorgung dargestellt und etwaige Einflussfaktoren auf das Outcome ermittelt werden. Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden konsekutiv alle mĂ€nnlichen und weiblichen Schwerverletzten (definiert ĂŒber einen Injury Severity Score [ISS] ≄16), welche im Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (ukb), einem ĂŒberregionalen Traumazentrum, zwischen 1997 und 2008 wegen begleitender Verletzungen der Harnblase und der Harnröhre behandelt wurden. Neben einer Beschreibung der Demografie, Verletzungsmechanismen und –schwere wurden Indikatorverletzungen sowie Zeitpunkt und Ergebnisse der individuell gewĂ€hlten Therapiestrategien bei nachuntersuchten Patienten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse wurden der derzeit besten verfĂŒgbaren Evidenz aus der Literatur gegenĂŒbergestellt. Ergebnisse Im Beobachtungszeitraum wurden insg. 1311 Schwerverletzte im ukb behandelt, von denen 31 (27 MĂ€nner, 4 Frauen, medianes Alter 46 [Spanne 19 – 73] Jahre, medianer ISS 29 [Spanne 16 bis 59]) Harnblasen- (n=9), Harnröhren- (n=19) oder kombinierte Verletzungen (n=3) aufwiesen. Die PrĂ€valenz betrug damit 2,4% (95% Konfidenzintervall [KI] 1,6 – 3,3%). Harnblasenverletzungen teilten sich in 4 Grad I/II Verletzungen, welche nichtoperativ, und 8 Grad III-V-Verletzungen auf, welche primĂ€r operativ (im Rahmen von Beckenosteosynthesen) versorgt wurden. Die Harnableitung wurde im Median nach 14 (Spanne 4 – 58) Tagen entfernt; alle Patienten boten bei Entlassung eine zufriedenstellende, resturinarme Spontanmiktion bei noch reduzierten Miktionsvolumina. Als Komplikation wurde eine Harnblasen-Scheiden-Fistel beobachtet. Alle Harnröhrenverletzungen wurden mittels offener Harnröhrenschienung im Rahmen der Beckenosteosynthese am Unfalltag (sofortige Therapie) oder wenige Tage spĂ€ter (verzögert primĂ€re Therapie) behandelt. 14 / 22 Patienten wurden nachuntersucht. Das Risiko fĂŒr (mittels Urethrotomia interna kurativ behandelbare) kurzstreckige Harnröhrenengen betrug 50% (95% KI 23 – 77%), fĂŒr eine erektile Dysfunktion (36%, 95% KI 13 – 65%) und damit geringfĂŒgig unterhalb der in der Literatur berichteten Raten. Schlussfolgerungen Harnblasenverletzungen beim Polytraumatisierten haben bei prolongierter transurethraler Harnableitung eine gute Prognose; ein einzeitiger Verschluss durch den Urologen kann im Falle einer Laparotomie bzw. Beckenosteosynthese sinnvoll sein. Bei Harnröhrenverletzungen sollte die primĂ€re offene Harnröhrenschienung (am Unfalltag) bevorzugt werden, um das Risiko fĂŒr Strikturen, Inkontinenz und erektile Dysfunktion zu minimieren.Introduction and background Injuries of the lower urinary tract in severely injured patients are rare and have a minor impact on acute, priority-oriented care. Yet, they may markedly influence later function and health-related quality of life. Compared to other uro-genital injuries (e.g., renal trauma), the body of evidence on this distinct clinical problem remains scarce. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the epidemiology and treatment outcomes of interdisciplinary management of urinary bladder and urethral injuries according to the recent German clinical practice guideline on trauma care, and to identify potential variables contributing to outcomes. Methods This study included all male and female patients with severe injuries (as defined by an Injury Severity Score [ISS] ≄16) admitted to the Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin (ukb), a metropolitan trauma center, between 1997 and 2008 because of accompanying injuries of the lower urinary tract. Apart from baseline demography, injury pattern and severity, potential red flag signs, the timing and results of individual treatment approaches were analyzed in an exploratory fashion. Findings were compared to the current best evidence from the literature. Results During the study period, 1311 severely injured patients were referred to the ukb, 31 (2.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6 – 3.3%) of whom had urinary bladder (n=9), urethral (n=19), and combined ruptures (n=3). There were 27 men and 4 women with a median age of 46 (range, 19 – 73) years and a median ISS of 29 (range, 16 – 59). Pelvic ring injuries were associated with a 14 times increased risk of lower urinary tract injuries (risk ratio [RR] 13.7, 95% CI 4.8 – 38.9). Gross hematuria proved as a sensitive diagnostic sign. Bladder ruptures included 4 grade I/II injuries (treated nonoperatively) and 12 grade III to V injuries demanding surgical closure during internal fixation of pelvic fractures. After a median of 14 (range, 4 – 58) days, trans-urethral catheters were removed. All patients showed sufficient bladder function on discharge with spontaneous urination but still reduced volumes. A fistula between the vagina and the urinary bladder was observed as the single complication. All urethral injuries were treated by open trans-urethral realignment on admission (immediate therapy) or few days later (early delayed therapy). 14 of 22 patients were available for follow-up. The risk of short urethral strictures (subsequently released by internal urethrotomia) was estimated at 50% (95% CI 23 – 77%). Erectile dysfunction occurred in 36% (95% CI 13 – 65%) of all patients, a slightly lower risk than expected based on literature information. Conclusions Injuries of the urinary bladder in severely injured patients are associated with a good prognosis, given prolonged trans-urethral drainage. Single-stage surgical closure may be justified in case of a laparotomy or internal fixation of pelvic ring fractures. Urethral ruptures should be managed by primary trans-urethral realignment to minimize the risk of later stricture, incontinence, and erectile dysfunction

    The Real Daily Need for Incontinence Aids and Appliances in Patients with Neurogenic Bladder Dysfunction in a Community Setting in Germany

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    PURPOSE: For successful long-term rehabilitation of patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD), it is necessary to define the objective requirement for urological aids based on a scientifically validated basis. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional multicenter study, based on a questionnaire. Data concerning bladder management and daily consumption of urological appliances for patients with NLUTD in a community setting were collected through a standardized survey. RESULTS: Seven hundred and sixty-seven records were analyzed: 543 males, 221 females (N/A = 3). Patients using intermittent catheterization (n= 608) required 5.06 (mean) single-use catheters per day. Out of them, 94 (15.5%) required additional pads (mean: 2.29 per day), 34 patients (5.6%) additionally used pants (mean: 2.55 per day) and 46 patients (7.6%) utilized condom catheters (mean: 3.81 per day) between catheterizations. Among all, 126 patients (16.4%) used pads (mean: 5.03 per day), and 51 patients (6.6%) used pants (mean: 3.03 per day). Women needed both pads (p < 0.0001) and diapers (p = 0.0084) significantly more frequently than men. Eighty-two of the male patients (15.1%) applied condom catheters (mean: 2.8 per day). The target value of the objective daily requirement of incontinence aids for adult patients with NLUTD (based on the upper twofold standard deviation from the mean value) was defined as follows: up to nine single-use catheters, seven condom catheters, nine pads and/or seven pants. A “mixed supply” of different incontinence aids is part of the daily supply for many patients. CONCLUSION: For the first time, these results allow a reasonable regulation of urological aids and appliances based on scientific data for patients with neurogenic bladder

    Proceedings of the 23rd Paediatric Rheumatology European Society Congress: part one

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