Water and sediment quality management in aquaculture - Winter school on recent advances in diagnosis and management of diseases in mariculture, 7th to 27th November 2002, Course Manual

Water Quality in aquaculture encompasses all physical, chemical and biological variables that affect aquaculture production. The aquatic environment is a c6mplex dynamic system. It is subject to constant physicochemical changes due to natural causes and man's activities. The slightest deviation from the optimal level may result in stress to the cultured organisms. Stress elicits a series of physiological and behavioral responses in the organisms.If prolonged, the stress may lead to poor growth, reproductive failures besides rendering them susceptible to diseases. Most pond management procedures are aimed at improving the water quality

Importance of water quality in marine life cage culture

Water quality in marine life cage culture is one of the most important factors that determine production and mortality. Choice of site for marine cage culture is of paramount importance since; it not only affects water quality but also greatly influences the economic viability. Once the site is selected for marine cage culture, there is little that can be done to improve the site, if water exchange is poor

Water Quality Management in Aquaculture

In aquaculture, water quality is one of the prime factors that determines the success of that particular culture. Primarily the water quality parameters are divided into three major categories, physical, chemical and biological. But a slight change in some of the parameters especially pH, temperature, DO will lead to stress in the organism and it may be of physiological or behavioral. Deteriorated or changed water quality will affect growth, reproductive capacity. Susceptibility to diseases is also more in such environment. Water quality management measures aim at improving water quality. Aquaculture entrepreneurs should know the basics of water quality management measures in aquaculture to reduce the problems related with water quality so as to utilize the of water body with viable profit as well as environmental sustainability

Phytochemical constituents of Cadaba Trifoliata Roxb. root extract

Cadaba trifoliata Roxb is belongs to the family Capparaceae, important medicinal plant of Indian medicinal plants. The methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous extracts along with dry powder of root were screened for the presence of phytochemicals. The phytochemical constituents were analyzed by qualitative and GC-MS method. Preliminary studies showed that the presence of Tannins, Steroids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds. In the GC-MS analysis, 17 bioactive phytochemical compounds were identified in the alcoholic extract. The identification of phytochemical compounds in very high peak area, 1, 2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester (C24H38O4) with RT 24.95 has peak area 51.86% and 1-Methyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (C6H11NO2) with RT 6.89 has peak area 20.58%. The main important compound phytol (C20H40O) with RT 18.95 ranks with peak area 1.21%. A nature compound contains diterpene activity anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant activity and antimicrobial activity.Keywords:- Cadaba trifoliata, phytochemical constituents, alcoholic root extracts

Sediment and water characteristics of selected prawn farming sites at Cochin during premonsoon months

This paper deals with the studies on sediment and water characteristics of selected shrimp farming ponds located at Puthuvyppu and Valappu villages of Vypeen in the vicinity of Cochin carried out during premonsoon period (March-May 2001). Areawise distribution of sediment and water characteristics revealed that smaller and medium sized ponds were relatively more fertile than the larger sized ponds. Overall mean values of nutrients in sediment and water indicated that ponds at Puthuvyppu village (with high tidal influence) were relatively more fertile than those ponds at Valappu. TSS and primary productivity values also showed the same trend. Highly significant positive correlation was observed between clay and silt, organic carbon and available potassium, nitrite-N in sediment and water, salinity and TSS and water pH and dissolved oxygen

Assessing and Predicting the Environmental Impact of Mariculture

Mariculture involves the farming and yield of fish, shellfish as well as other aquatic species including seaweeds, where in the medium of growth is seawater. The environment play crucial role in any mariculture activity. Prior to the start of any mariculture programme the environment assessment is absolutely essential for its successful launching, maintenance and harvest. This pre evaluation of environmental suitability is one of the most important factors, determining the type of mariculture fitting to the location. Appraisal of the environment at regular intervals, during the process of mariculture also is equally important for the continued healthy existence of the resources and also for ecological sustainability. The environmental impact assessment(EIA) of any undertaking including mariculture is a process of appraising the probable ecological impacts of the proposed endeavor, taking also into account the interconnected socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse

Water quality assessment and management in aquaculture

Aquaculture is a fast-developing industry that supplies a vital source of protein for human consumption. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), aquaculture accounts for nearly 50% of the fish consumed globally. Aquaculture is projected to contribute to 53% of global fish production by 2030. For sustainable, healthy and productive fisheries, ensuring good water quality in aquaculture operations is an essential requirement. Poor water quality will eventually end in low profit, low product quality and potential human health risks

Study of thyroid function in patients with metabolic syndrome

Background: Thyroid disease and the metabolic syndrome are both associated with cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to explore the study of thyroid function in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at department of physiology, M P shah medical college Jamnagar, Gujarat. It included 200 patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (National Cholesterol Education Program’s-Adult Treatment Panel III Criteria) in the study group and 100 subjects without metabolic syndrome in the control group. Anthropometric variables and blood pressure were taken using standardized technique and body mass index was calculated. Fasting blood sample was analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C), blood glucose (FBG) and TSH, T4 and T3 were measured using electro-chemiluminescence immuno assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS windows version 20.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois).Results: The overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients with MetS was 41.5% with high prevalence of sub clinical hypothyroidism (27%). TSH (P<0.001) was significantly higher in the study group than in control group (P <0.01) but T3 and T4 values of study group were significantly lower than those of control group (P< 0.01). Metabolic components waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and triglycerides were significantly higher in metabolic subject (P<0.001), while HDL-C was significantly lower in study group (P<0.001) then control group. Conclusion:  Hypothyroidism brawny associated with components of metabolic syndrome, therefore increased multifaceted risk of cardiovascular disorders with elevate TSH levels

Site selection and water quality in mariculture

Organic certification addresses the processes involved in production rather than the qualities of the product itself. Organic farming is based on holistic production management systems which promote and enhance agro-ecosystem health, including biodiversity, biological cycles and biological activity. In general, organically farmed fish which is farmed without using antibiotics and pesticides is perceived to be more “natural” and therefore healthier, or even tastier. Because of these new concepts which promote eco-friendly aquaculture, there is a tendency to prevent environment degradation and promote sustainability

Bibliography: Diseases, Parasites and Toxicology of Perna viridis,Crassostrea madrasensis and Villorita cyprinoids (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) of India

A proper understanding of the hazards associated with the fishery products on national basis has been the primary objective of the AP Cess Funded National Network Project on National Risk Assessment Programme for Fish and Fish Products for Domestic and International Markets. In this connection, the bibliography is prepared with the sole aim to compile all the available literature on this subject to produce a ready source of reference material for future investigators. In spite of the meticulous task and completeness, the authors express their regrets for any errors or omissions