Studies on Effect of Chemical Preservatives on Physico-Chemical Changes of Beverages in Lime and Ginger Juice with their Combinations

The physico-chemical character of lime and ginger RTS and blended RTS were evaluated after addition of potassium meta-bi-sulphite (KMS) and sodium benzoate stored at ambient temperature up to 150 days. Lime and ginger RTS preserved with KMS (0.1%) retained more ascorbic acid and acidity as compared to other treatments. During storage, total soluble solids, reduction and total sugars showed an increasing trend with increasing period of storage under ambient condition in KMS (0.1%) as compared to other treatments. Among the various treatment RTS prepared from ginger juice with KMS 0.1% could be stored for extended period of time for sensory characteristics

Comparative Toxicity of Bis-pyridinium Acetamide Derivatives in Human Cell Lines and their Acute Toxicity in Swiss Albino Mice

Having established the antidotal efficacy of 2-(hydroxyimino)-N-(pyridin-3-yl)acetamide (HNK oximes) against Diisopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP) and sarin poisoning. Toxicity of HNK series and 2-PAM oximes on Human cell lines and Swiss male mice i.e. in vitro and in vivo to reported. Toxicity of the oximes was investigated in Hela, Hep G2 and HEK 293 cell lines and compared with most commonly used 2-PAM. Median lethal doses (LD50) of the oximes (2-PAM, HNK-102, HNK-106, and HNK-111) were also determined following intramuscular, intraperitoneal, intravenous and oral routes of administration. All tested oximes showed no cytotoxic effect on all three cell lines in concentrations up to 0.05 mg/mL. At higher dose (0.5 mg/mL), HNK-102 found to be less toxic thus safer than 2-PAM and other oximes in all the three cell lines. In corroboration with in vitro finding, HNK-102 was found to be least toxic compared to other oximes via intra-peritoneal and intravenous routes of administration. Also, HNK-102 was found to be unequivocally safer compared to that of 2-PAM through i.m. and i.p. routes. For all tested oximes, toxicity following oral route, was found to be lower compared to injections, signifying that these are safer and convenient compounds for administration. These finding also suggested that HNK-102 is safer and better lead as an antidote compared to 2-PAM, against OP intoxicants

Skin capillary density in pregnancy induced hypertension and normotensive pregnant participants

Background: Pre-eclampsia is a vascular related disorder of pregnancy, Despite the increasing research efforts in the field, the etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder remain elusive, resulting in failure to develop specific screening, preventive and treatment strategies. Peripheral vasodilatation and angiogenesis are critical components of physiological adaptation in normal pregnancy. Women who have later developed preeclampsia had significant structural capillary density rarefaction early in the pregnancy before the onset of preeclampsia.Methods: Case control, comparative study was carried out at our institute. 30 pregnant participants were recruited in each group after satisfying the inclusion criteria. Data was collected by using dermatoscope (200X magnification). Statistical analysis was done by non-parametric test- Mann-Whitney test as blood pressure was not normally distributed among participants. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to make correlation between skin capillary densities and blood pressures.Results: On applying Mann-Whitney test, mean rank for systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 20 weeks for both groups were not significant statistically, mean rank for systolic and diastolic blood pressure between 28-36 weeks of gestation for both groups were significant statistically. After testing, skin capillary density came significantly less in hypertensive group as compare to normotensive pregnant participant of same gestational ages. Spearman’s correlation coefficient came negative for systolic and positive for diastolic blood pressure at 28-36 weeks of gestation.Conclusions: Authors conclude that estimating the skin capillary density provides a potentially useful clinical marker in the prediction of preeclampsia and dermatoscope is an especially attractive clinical tool

A Comprehensive Review on Cucumis Maderaspatanus Linn.

Cucumis maderaspatanus L., commonly known as Madras Thorn or Maderaspatna cucumber, is a lesser-known plant species with significant botanical, ecological, and medicinal importance. This comprehensive review explores the taxonomic classification, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological review of Cucumis maderaspatanus. The taxonomy and morphology section elucidates the botanical characteristics of C. maderaspatanus, highlighting its unique traits and distinguishing it from related species within the Cucumis genus. The geographical distribution and habitat preferences of this plant are discussed, shedding light on its ecological significance, such as its role as a food source for wildlife and its potential in habitat restoration. Furthermore, this review provides an in-depth analysis of the traditional uses of Cucumis maderaspatanus in various cultures, emphasizing its value in folk medicine for treating a range of ailments. Recent scientific studies on its bioactive compounds, pharmacological properties, and potential applications in modern medicine are also discussed. These findings underscore the need for further research to harness the therapeutic potential of this under studied plant

Congestion Aware WSN-IoT-Application Layer Protocols for Healthcare Services

In the healthcare industry, WSN-IoT networks can be used to gather patient data for statistical purposes. IoT-based application-level protocols do not take into account these facts while forwarding the data to the gateway or server, which may degrade the network performance if the data was collected from a patient with ordinary/critical health issues and the route was busy or congested. In this paper, we'll look at the performance of two application layer protocols (i.e. CoAP and MQTT) within the constraints of a scalable network by integrating a congestion-aware scheme with them

Primary total knee replacement using dished polyethylene with resected posterior cruciate ligament

Background: The choice between preserving, sacrificing or substituting the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is always a controversial topic in total knee replacement (TKR). Dished polyethylene insert with PCL resection enables correction of the commonly present fixed flexion and varus deformities. Additionally, the risk of premature wear of polyethylene is less because of the confirming articular geometry between the femoral and tibial component.Methods: This is a retrospective study in which we studied 120 knees in 95 consecutive patients undergoing primary TKR by the senior author at our institute. We used TKR system with dished metal backed polyethylene tibial component. PCL resection was performed in all cases. Pre-operative and post-operative functional assessment were done using knee society clinical scores and Western Ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC). All radiographs were assessed using the knee society Roentgenographic scoring system (KSRES). Statistical analysis was performed using paired student t tests. Survivorship was determined using Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves. Results: Mean follow-up was 8 years. Range of motion increased from 75 degrees to 110 degrees.  The knee society pain score increased from 30 to 94. The knee society function score increased from 35 to 75. WOMAC score increased in terms of pain, stiffness and physical function.Conclusions: We conclude that deep dish bearing is a viable option in presence of deficient PCL and provides adequate stability and functional outcome. We need a larger sample size, multicentre trial and longer follow-up to see for complication rate, revision rate and survival

Mechanism of Mg 2+ -accompanied product release in sugar nucleotidyltransferases

The nucleotidyl transfer reaction, catalyzed by sugar nucleotidyltransferases (SNTs), is assisted by two active site Mg 2+ ions. While studying this reaction using X-ray crystallography, we captured snapshots of the pyrophosphate (product) as it exits along a pocket. Surprisingly, one of the active site Mg 2+ ions remains coordinated to the exiting pyrophosphate. This hints at the participation of Mg 2+ in the process of product release, besides its role in catalyzing nucleotidyl transfer. These observations are further supported by enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations. Free energy computations suggest that the product release is likely to be rate limiting in SNTs, and the origin of the high free energy barrier for product release could be traced back to the “slow” conformational change of an Arg residue at the exit end of the pocket. These results establish a dual role for Mg 2+, and propose a general mechanism of product release during the nucleotidyl transfer by SNTs

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of the aqueous extract leaves of Murraya koenigii linn in small animal models

Background: The present study was carried out to evaluate the analgesic activity of aqueous extract leaves of Murraya koenigii linn in Albino rats using tail flick method, Eddy’s hot plate methods and anti-inflammatory activity in Carrageenan induced paw edema in rats.Methods: The analgesic activity was evaluated using Eddy’s hot plate induced hyperalgesia and tail flick method, which served as thermal induced pain, where the animal were placed on the hot plate and the reaction time to (lick the paw/jump out) from the hot plate was observed, 0, 30, 60, 90 mins. Murraya 300 mg, 600 mg/kg/body weight (BW) and ibuprofen (5 mg/kg BW) was administered per oral. The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by Carrageenan induced paw edema volumes at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hrs using mercury plethysmometer, which served as chemical induced pain models.Results:  The mean reaction time in Murraya at a dose of 600 mg/kg at 0 min 5.45±0.72, at 30 mins 6.52±1.03, at 60 mins 7.6±0.81, at 90 mins 8.8±0.63 respectively. The mean reaction time increased significantly with Murraya at dose of 600 mg/kg when compared with control.In the ibuprofen group, the mean reaction time at 0 hr was 0.28±0.04, at 1 hr 0.34±0.05, at 2 hrs 0.46±0.03, at 3 hrs 0.61±0.05, at 4 hrs 0.76±0.05. The mean reaction time Murraya in group 600 mg/kg at 0 hr 0.27±0.04, at 1 hrs 0.39±0.03, at 2 hrs 0.48±0.06, at 3 hrs 0.68±0.05, at 6 hrs 0.80±0.03, respectively.Conclusions: The results indicate that the aqueous extract of Murraya (leaf) extract revealed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory in thermal and chemical induced pain models

High-resolution aerial monitoring using DL for identifying abnormal activity based on visual patterns in drone videos

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and sophisticated deep learning (DL) models have made the application of artificial intelligence (AI) more popular. This has resulted in an increase in the number of attempts to improve high-resolution aerial monitoring using DL for identifying abnormal activity based on visual patterns in drone videos. The study introduces a one-class support vector machine (OC-SVM) oddity locator for low-altitude, limited-scope UAVs used for ethereal video surveillance. The primary goal is to improve UAV-based observation capabilities by identifying areas or things of interest without prior knowledge, hence improving tasks like queue control, vehicle following, and hazardous product identification. The framework makes use of OC-SVM because of its quick and lightweight setup, making it suitable for continuous operation on low-computational UAVs. It empowers the identification of several peculiarities necessary for low-elevation reconnaissance by using textural characteristics to recognise both large-scale and tiny structures. Examine the UAV mosaicking and change location (UMCD) dataset to demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework, which achieves excellent accuracy and outperforms traditional methods by about one fifth in a variety of metrics. The suggested model compares with current methods, demonstrating superior accuracy and performance in recognition of peculiarities. Evaluation metrics include F1-score, review, exactness, and accuracy. The model demonstrates that it always encounters an oddity with a review compromise of up to seven on ten, achieving complete accuracy