UPAYA PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DALAM MENJAGA KEAMANAN MARITIM

Dalam rangka membangun tata kelola maritim yang baik, sudahkah pemerintah Indonesia mengutamakan keamanan maritim pada masing-masing kebijakan maritimnya, namun nyatanya gagasan Poros Maritim Dunia yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah Indonesia belum membayangi perspektif keamanan maritim. . Tujuan akhir haruslah pembangunan kekuatan angkatan laut sebagai elemen pendukung terpenting. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk  menganalisis pemerintahan Joko Widodo (Jokowi) dalam menangani isu keamanan maritim. Metode penelitian diskriptif kualitatif dan penggunaan datanya adalah data sekunder berupa literature review dan interpretasi yang ditemukan pada artikel jurnal sebelumnya  dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dalam menangani isu keamanan maritim diperlukan upaya pemerintah melalui  pendekatan kers (hard effort) dan pendekatan lunak (soft effort)

Maritime Defense Strategy Education as an Effort of the Indonesian Government in Maintaining Maritime Security

To establish good maritime governance, the Indonesian government must pay attention to maritime security aspects in every maritime policy and integrate maritime security education into the national education curriculum. However, implementing the World Maritime Axis concept, the Indonesian government still needs to consider the maritime security perspective as a top priority. The ultimate goal of good maritime governance development should include the strength of the Navy as the most important supporting element and the implementation of maritime security training and education for Indonesian maritime society. This study aims to analyze the efforts of the Joko Widodo (Jokowi) administration in addressing maritime security issues through the implemented maritime security training and education programs. The research method used is qualitative descriptive by using secondary data from a literature review and interpretation found in previous journal articles, with data collection techniques through literature study. The study results indicate that addressing maritime security issues requires hard and soft efforts from the government, including implementing maritime security training and education programs for Indonesian maritime society and integrating maritime security education into the national education curriculum

Diphallia with Associated Anomalies: A Case Report and Literature Review

Diphallia or penile duplication is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. It occurs once in every 5.5 million live births. The extent of penile duplication and the number of associated anomalies vary greatly, ranging from a double glans from a penis with no associated anomaly up to complete penile duplication associated with multiple anomalies. Here, we report a 12-year-old boy with complete bifid diphallia associated with bifid scrotum, epispadia, and pubic symphysis diastasis along with a review of the articles pertaining to this anomaly

PERILAKU MEKANIKA PAPAN LAMINASI BAMBU APUS DENGAN METODE KEMPA PANAS SEBAGAI PENGGANTI PAPAN KAYU LAPIS 10 MM

Bamboo is a material widely used by the society, in addition to its affordable price, bamboo also available and grows easily in almost all regions. The use of bamboo for construction material is generally based on the fact that housing material needs has increase and bamboo could be used as raw material for plywood that can be mass produced. Meanwhile, wood/timber that usually used as construction material has decreased, the quality and its availability, bamboo in the other hand has very large potential to be wood/timber replacement for plywood in the future. This research has 6 type of bamboo laminate board as the test object, with 2 types for each temperature test, i.e. 90�C, 95�C and 100�C, pressing period 90 and 135 seconds, and heat transfer rate at board surface to laminate adhesive until reach the desired temperature. Adhesive material is urea formaldehyde. Hardener material used in this research is HU 12, a yellowish powder, and wheat flour is the extender. Research result shows that physical properties of Apus bamboo have moisture content 10.716 % and density 0.676 gr/cm³ in average. Mechanical properties of Apus bamboo shows that compressive strength parallel-to-fiber is 34.46 MPa, compressive strength perpendicularto- fiber is 21.56 MPa, tensile strength parallel-to-fiber is 187.6 MPa, shear strength parallelto- fiber is 9.22 MPa, MoR without internodes-skin up is 174.00 MPa, MoR with internodesskin up is 147.45 MPa, MoR without internodes-skin below is 150.58 MPa, MoR with internodes-skin below is 177.99 MPa, MOE without internodes-skin up is 14,376.14 MPa, MoE with internodes-skin up is 28,044.14 MPa, MOE without internodes-skin below is 15,350.65 MPa, MoE with internodes-skin below is 18,419.68 Mpa. The analysis result shows that the best type of Apus bamboo laminated boards is that with treatment on hot pressure at a temperature of 90�C with period 269 seconds. Apus bamboo laminated board has proved that it has better quality than other multiplex board on the market. In general, Apus bamboo laminated board with hot pressing has met requirements of SNI

Digital Pattern Recognition for the Identification of Various Hypospadias Parameters via an Artificial Neural Network: Protocol for the Development and Validation of a System and Mobile App

BackgroundHypospadias remains the most prevalent congenital abnormality in boys worldwide. However, the limited infrastructure and number of pediatric urologists capable of diagnosing and managing the condition hinder the management of hypospadias in Indonesia. The use of artificial intelligence and image recognition is thought to be beneficial in improving the management of hypospadias cases in Indonesia. ObjectiveWe aim to develop and validate a digital pattern recognition system and a mobile app based on an artificial neural network to determine various parameters of hypospadias. MethodsHypospadias and normal penis images from an age-matched database will be used to train the artificial neural network. Images of 3 aspects of the penis (ventral, dorsal, and lateral aspects, which include the glans, shaft, and scrotum) will be taken from each participant. The images will be labeled with the following hypospadias parameters: hypospadias status, meatal location, meatal shape, the quality of the urethral plate, glans diameter, and glans shape. The data will be uploaded to train the image recognition model. Intrarater and interrater analyses will be performed, using the test images provided to the algorithm. ResultsOur study is at the protocol development stage. A preliminary study regarding the system’s development and feasibility will start in December 2022. The results of our study are expected to be available by the end of 2023. ConclusionsA digital pattern recognition system using an artificial neural network will be developed and designed to improve the diagnosis and management of patients with hypospadias, especially those residing in regions with limited infrastructure and health personnel. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)PRR1-10.2196/4285

ROBOTIC-ASSISTED KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION: A REVIEW

Objective: To discuss about kidney transplantation (KT), primarily on robotic-assisted kidney transplantation (RAKT) and to present the current updates on RAKT techniques performed by different centres worldwide. Material & methods: We searched and compiled various literatures on RAKT, focussing on different techniques used to perform the procedure. All the references cited in this review are indexed in PubMed or Scopus. Results: Since the first successful kidney allograft transplantation in human was performed in 1954, KT has become the preferred treatment modality for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) seeking a more definitive outcome and better quality of life. Over the years, newer techniques of KT have been introduced, including minimally-invasive laparoscopic KT. However, laparoscopic KT has its own limitations, which include loss of hand-eye coordination and poor ergonomics for the surgeon. RAKT offers the same benefits as laparoscopic KT without its limitations. There are several transplantation centres worldwide performing RAKT regularly. The differences in RAKT technique between these centres are regarding patient’s position during surgery, location of incision for graft placement, use of regional hypothermia, and techniques of graft placement and ureteric reimplantation. Conclusion: The invention of RAKT as a minimally-invasive KT technique has enabled surgeon to perform surgeries when the operative field is deep and narrow and when fine dissection and microsuturing are required