Production and Delivery Batch Scheduling with Multiple Due Dates to Minimize Total Cost

This paper addresses an integrated production and delivery batch scheduling problem for a make-to-order environment over daily time period, where the holding costs of in-process and completed parts at a supplier location and of completed parts at a manufacturer location are distinguished. All orders of parts with different due dates from the manufacturer arrive at the same time. The parts are produced in production batches and subsequently the completed parts are delivered in delivery batches using a capacitated vehicle in order to be received at the respective due dates. This study was aimed at finding an integrated schedule of production and delivery batches so as to meet the due date at minimum total cost consisting of the corresponding holding cost and delivery cost. The holding cost is a derivation of the so-called actual flow time (AFT), while the delivery cost is assumed to be proportional to the number of deliveries. The problems can be formulated as an integer non-linear programming model, and the global optimal solution can be obtained using optimization software. A heuristic algorithm is proposed to cope with the computational time problem using software. The numerical experiences show that the proposed algorithm yields near global optimal solutions

Keragaman Genetik Populasi Araucaria Cunninghamii Menggunakan Penanda Rapd (Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna)

Genetic diversity was needed for supporting genetic conservation and tree improvement program. Araucaria cunnighamii is one of Indonesian conifer species which has various potential uses. Information about genetic diversity and its distribution, and genetic relationship can be revealed using RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) molecular marker. The objective of the study was to analyze genetic diversity within and among 8 populations of A. Cunninghamii, and genetic relationship between populations. Leaf samples of 64 trees were collected from 7 population in Papua and 1 population in Queensland (Australia). Genetic diversity was analyzed using 23 RAPD primers with 68 polymorphic loci. Mean genetic diversity within population was 0.270, and mean genetic distance among populations was 0.092. Some of the samples from the same population were grouped in the same cluster. But generally, the clustering of the samples. Genetic relationship among A. cunninghamii populations revealed that 8 populations were divided into two groups. First group was consisted of 7 population in Papua (Indonesia) and then split into 5 subcluster. Second group was population in Queensland (Australia)

PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS MELALUI CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING DI KELURAHAN TALISE VALANGGUNI KECAMATAN MANTIKULORE KOTA PALU: Learning English through Contextual Teaching and Learning in Talise for Elementary School Students

For the people of Palu, English has yet to become an important part of communication that must be introduced to children early. English is only known and mastered by academics. Meanwhile, the general public (non-academics) uses Indonesian or regional languages in various daily communication activities. This community service activity aims to introduce English to elementary school-age children. The implementation took place in the Talise-Valangguni sub-district, Mantikulore District. The servants in this activity are lecturers and students from the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University, Palu. From this activity, 16 elementary school students were interested in participating in learning English. The small number of participants shows that interest and motivation in learning English still needs to be higher. &nbsp