Negative to Positive Magnetoresistance transition in Functionalization of Carbon nanotube and Polyaniline Composite

Electrical resistivity and magnetoresistance(MR) in polyaniline(PANI) with carbon nanotube(CNT) and functionalized carbon nanotube(fCNT) composites have been studied for different weight percentage down to the temperature 4.2K and up to magnetic field 5T. Resistivity increases significantly in composite at low temperature due to functionalization of CNT compare to only CNT. Interestingly transition from negative to positive magnetoresistance has been observed for 10wt% of composite as the effect of disorder is more in fCNT/PANI. This result depicts that the MR has strong dependency on disorder in the composite system. The transition of MR has been explained in the basis of polaron-bipolaron model. The long range Coulomb interaction between two polarons screened by disorder in the composite of fCNT/PANI, increases the effective on-site Coulomb repulsion energy to form bipolaron which leads to change the sign of MR from negative to positive.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figures; typos adde

Tracer studies of a subsurface flow wetland : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Technology in Environmental Engineering, Massey University

The use of constructed wetlands represents an innovative approach to wastewater treatment. However, the treatment performance of constructed wetlands has been variable due to an incomplete knowledge of the hydraulic characteristics. Current design methods idealise constructed wetlands as plug flow reactors ignoring the existence of longitudinal dispersion, short-circuiting and stagnant regions. The overall effect will be a reduction of treatment efficiency at the outlet. This thesis investigates the hydraulic characteristics of a subsurface flow wetland using a fluorescence dye tracer so as to determine the difference between theoretical and actual retention times and their effect on treatment efficiency. A thorough review of the literature is undertaken, firstly examining wetland systems and their treatment mechanisms, it then reviews their hydraulic characteristics and design considerations while finally discussing dye tracing studies. A series of dye tracing trials were undertaken on a pilot scale gravel bed wetland with a theoretical retention time of four days. The results from this research are presented as plots of dye concentration versus time at the outlet. These results are analysed in terms of chemical reactor theory and their implications on performance of various treatment mechanisms is discussed

Organomanganese compounds in organic synthesis

This thesis describes the preparation and reactions of some cyclomanganated chalcones, dienones and aryl ketones. Investigation has previously been undertaken into the reaction of cyclomanganated chalcones and dienones with alkynes to give both pyranyl and cycloheptadienyl Mn(CO)₃ complexes. In the current study, the reaction was further investigated with a cyclomanganated dienone derived from a cyclic ketone which gave only the (pyranyl)Mn(CO)₃ complex (2-6) and not the cycloheptadienyl product as consistent with a mechanism previously proposed. Also extended in the current study was previous work involving the methylmanganese pentacarbonyl-mediated transformation of enynes to cyclopropanated bicyclic compounds and cyclopentanes bearing an exocyclic double bond. In the current study, benzylmanganese pentacarbonyl was used instead of methylmanganese pentacarbonyl under similar conditions. In the current study however, the type of product that formed in diethyl ether (3-4) was the one dominant in acetonitrile in the MeMn(CO)₅ study, and that formed in acetonitrile (3-5) was the dominant product type in diethyl ether (3-4). There was no apparent explanation for this reverse reactivity. Ferrocenyl pyrylium salts of the type 5-5 have been prepared using a new route to ferrocenyl pyrylium from cyclomanganated chalcones and ferrocenylethyne. UV-visible and electrochemical properties of the pyrylium salts have been investigated. The ferrocenyl pyrylium salt (5-5) was obtained by the oxidation of [2-ferrocenyl-4,6-diphenyl-ɳ₅]-pyranyltricarbonylmanganese (5-6). The crystal structure of 5-6 was also determined

ENERGY AUDITING OF A HOUSE USING MATLAB

Energy crisis is one of the crucial problems faced by all the countries in the world due to depletion in natural resources used for energy generation and the huge investment for generating energy from alternate resources. This article shows the present situation of energy crisis in the state of Andhra Pradesh and suggested some of the major areas of energy conservation practices so that there may be a chance to see the state of Andhra Pradesh as “NO POWER CUT” state in India. A viable and immediate solution in this juncture is the energy conservation as cited by the slogan “Energy conserved is Energy Generated”. Optimum use of electrical energy, not only results in cash savings, but also improves the economy of the country substantially. Hence there is an urgent need for energy management and control, which ultimately concludes with the practice of energy conservation. Energy as we all know is a crucial input in the process of economic, social and industrial development. Energy consumption is increasing at a very fast rate. With growing demand for energy it has become essential to minimize energy leakages. This article shows the present status of energy crisis in “Andhra Pradesh” state. This article also shows about the gap between power generation and demand and it suggest some of the methods to make the gap between power generation and demand is equal to Zero

Growth and infrastructure investment in India: Achievements, challenges, and opportunities

The paper analyses the recent scenario of infrastructure investment in India, with the recognition that inadequate infrastructure is one of the major constraints on India’s ability to sustain high GDP growth. It conducts an overview of the trends in infrastructure investment from the 10th Five Year Plan onwards, and tries to examine the linkage between infrastructure and economic growth. The results exhibit a very high rate of return and also highlight that, since resource constraints will continue to limit public investment in infrastructure in other areas, Public Private Partnership (PPP) project-based development needs to be encouraged wherever feasible

Poland syndrome with associated synbrachydactyly and dextrocardia: a rare case

Poland’s Syndrome is a rare congenital condition. It is classically characterized by absence of unilateral chest wall muscles and sometimes ipsilateral symbrachydactyly (abnormally short and webbed fingers). The condition typically presents with unilateral absence of the sternal or a breast portion of the pectoralis major muscle which may or may not be associated with the absence of nearby musculoskeletal structures. Authors report a 13-year-old male patient with typical features of Poland syndrome associated with synbrachydactyly and dextrocardia. This association is very rare, till 2010, only 19 cases have been described in scientific literature (Poland syndrome with dextrocardia), in this case synbrachydactyly also associated on ipsilateral side. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documented case of the left sided Poland syndrome with dextrocardia and symbrachydactyly reported from the South East Asia Region (SEAR)

A comparative study on lower extremity amputation (LEA) stump outcome in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital of Raipur City, Chhattisgarh, India

Background: Amputation is among the oldest operation known to man. It is the surgical removal of a limb or body part and performed to remove diseased tissue or relieve pain. Amputation is associated with some complications. Infection and failure of stump to heal are major complications. The Diabetes related Lower Extremity Amputation (LEA) is likely to be associated with a worse outcome as compared to the non-diabetic amputations because of the presence of several risk factors which hamper the wound healing process. Amputees with diabetes are more likely to undergo amputation at a younger age and need higher-level amputations when compared with patients without diabetes. With this background, the present study was planned to understand the factors that place diabetic patients at increased risk of amputation in the study area so that further morbidity can be prevented.Methods: The current prospective study was conducted in the Department of Surgery, Dr. B.R.A.M. Hospital, Pt. JNM Medical College, Raipur (C.G.) India, among 60 patients admitted in the General Surgery wards during January 2013 to August 2014. Study subjects were categorized into those related to diabetes mellitus and those due to other causes. All Investigations relevant to the study (Random blood sugar, Serum albumin, Complete blood count, renal function test and Doppler) were done in all the patients. Postoperatively the cases were examined for various complications of amputation stump in post operative period were noted.Results: Mean age for diabetic cases was 50 years and that for non-diabetic cases was 47 years. In this study, among the diabetic amputations, 84 % were males and 16 % were females. Total 60 amputations were performed in the study. Stump infection (50 % in diabetics and 29 % in non-diabetics) was the most common stump complication. Followed by wound dehiscence (25 % in diabetics and 11 % in non-diabetics)Conclusion: Diabetic amputations are at a higher risk of complications. They need to be carefully screened and selected for appropriate level of amputation and watched meticulously for occurrence of complications.

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY OF KHALITYA WITH THE HELP OF HAMILTON NORWOOD SCALE IN RELATION EXCESSIVE LAVANA IN DAILY DIET IN SAURASTRA REGION

Now a day the entire world is optimistically looking in the direction of the Ayurveda for its eternal principles so we will have to prove our principles in modern era. In continuation this study is carried out. Excessive consumption of salt is becoming a leading habit in people in now days; which is disturbing the health of the people progressively. Acharya Charaka had described that if people are consuming excessive salt for long duration, absolutely they will influence with baldness (Khalitya). According to him salt is related with hot and sharp properties. However it is responsible for the accumulation of Doshas if not used properly. Due to hot, sharp and accumulation of Doshas properties it becomes harmful for hairs and causes baldness. To examine and prove the Ayurvedic principle the study was conducted in 30 volunteers having baldness (Khalitya) and salt consumption by them. Baldness was identified with the help of Hamilton Norwood Scale in the volunteers. According to questionnaire approximate salt consumption was assessed of the same volunteers and observed the comparison of baldness grade according to salt consumption. It was observed that the severity of baldness was found greater in higher consumption volunteers rather than normal consumption volunteers less than 5gms/day. According to Hamilton Norwood Baldness grading system severely affected from baldness were consuming excess salt having 80%; and only 20% volunteers are consuming in limits. Which shows that high salt intake is a major risk factor related to baldness. It proves the statement of Acharya Charaka related excess consumption of salt and baldness

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: a rare entity of bronchiectasis

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS) is a rare clinical and radiologic entity characterized by pathologic dilatation of the trachea and bronchi. The etiology of this disorder is uncertain and the clinical presentation is variable. The diagnosis is usually made on the basis of the characteristic CT scan findings. We report one such case in a 44-year-old man presenting with recurrent lower respiratory tract infections