Associations of Healthy Behavior and Environment with Acute Respiratory Infection in Jepara, Central Java

Background: According to earlier studies, except during the neonatal period, Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) are the most common causes of both illness and mortality in children under five, who average three to six episodes of ARIs annually regardless of where they live or what their economic situation is. This study aimed to determine the associations of healthy behavior and environment with acute respiratory infectionin Jepara, Central Java. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mororejo village, Mororejo, Jepara, Central Java, from January to February 2018. A sample of 210 families were selected for this study. The dependent variable was ARIs. The independent variables were health behavior and environmental factors. The data were collected by questionnaire. Data on ARIs were taken from medical record. Crude (bivariate) analysis was carried out to show association with prevalence ratio (PR) used as a measure of association and chi square to show statistical significance. Results: Incidence of ARIs was associated with smoking (PR= 1.44; CI= 1.10 to 1.88; p= 0.014), poor ventilation (PR= 1.78; CI= 1.12 to 2.83; p= 0.015), and crowded dwelling (PR= 3.61; CI= 1.37 to 9.50; p= 0.009). The associations of ARIs with washing hand, garbage disposal, bin ownership, floor cleaning, room light, and poultry ownership, were statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Incidence of ARI is associated with smoking, poor ventilation, and crowded dwelling. Keywords: acute respiratory infections, health behavior, environmen

Wild Animals Inventarisation in Sempu Island Nature Reserve [ Wild Animals Inventarisation in Sempu Island Nature Reserve]

Keberadaan satwa liar di cagar alam diharapkan terus lestari dan menjadi simpanan sumberdaya genetik dimasa yang akan data. Beragam aktivitas yang dilakukan di Cagar Alam Pulau Sempu (CAPS) saat ini dirasa sangat perlu dilakukan pengelolaan sesuai dengan status kawasan konservasi yang berupa cagar alam. Aktivitas ekotourism yang berkembang dikawasan sekitar CAPS memicu kekhawatiran akan terganggunya keberadaaan dan keanekaragaman satwa yang menghuni kawasan konservasi di Malang selatan ini. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan survei potensi satwa liar dilakukan di CAPS. Penelitian ini penelitian deskriptif yang menguraikan data-data yang didapatkan dan dijelaskan baik dengan tabel maupun grafik. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September-Nopember 2015. Metode jelajah digunakan dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian telah menemukan 66 jenis jenis burung. Dari sejumlah burung tersebut memiliki status berbeda-beda yaitu 10 jenis burung endemik Indonesia, 25 jenis burung dilindungi, empat jenis migran, sembilan jenis merupakan Appendix CITES, empat jenis burung bernilai konservasi tinggi (jenis-jenis yang masuk dalam Redlist IUCN) yaitu Pelatuk merah (Chrysophlegma miniaceum) dan Sikatan-rimba dadacoklat (Rhinomyias olivaceus).Sedangkan jenis mamalia ditemukan sembilan species dan reptilia sebanyak tujuh species. Selain jenis burung, mamalia dan reptil, hasil survei ini juga telah menemukan satu species Lepidoptera terdokumentasikan adalah Idea stolli. Kajian tentang kelompok satwa ini perlu mendapatkan perhatian mengingat pentingnya dalam ekologis di CAPS