The Effect of Coil and Spark Plug Variation on Emission, Power and Torque on Vixion 150

The development of technology in vehicles continues to be developed to meet human needs and be environmentally friendly. One technology that is still being developed is the use of spark plugs and coils. The function of spark plugs in motorized vehicles is to spark sparks caused by the electric voltage generated by the coil. Various kinds of coil produce different high voltage. This research uses a Yamaha Vixion 150 CC, 1 cylinder, four-stroke motorcycle. The research was conducted by providing spark plug and coil variations including standard U24ESR-N (Denso) spark plugs, 0.4mm Iridium spark plugs, and Brisk Silver spark plugs. Coil variations were also given including 3C1 H2310 spark plugs and Uma Racing spark plugs. The data taken includes a comparison of emissions produced, torque, and power. The highest power at RPM 8500 was generated by the U24ESR-N spark plug (Denso) with the use of the Uma Racing coil type of 8.69 kW. Spark plug and coil variations will also determine torque. The highest test on the use of Uma Racing coil and Brisk Silver spark plug at 6500 RPM engine speed produces a value of 9.35 Nm. The results also show changes in emissions produced such as CO2, CO, HC, and O2 emissions. The use of 0.4mm Iridium spark plugs with 3C1 H2310 coil and Brisk Silver spark plugs with 3C1 H2310 produces high voltage resulting in higher CO and HC gas productio

Karakteristik Palm Oil Biodiesel dan Performa Mesin Diesel : A Review

This article is a descriptive review study on palm oil biodiesel and its comparison with diesel fuel. Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is the best raw material for biodiesel because it has similar fuel specifications to diesel fuel. Fuel specifications according to American Standard Testing and Material (ASTM) and European Standard (EN) specifications are kinematic viscosity, density, and flash point. Palm oil biodiesel has a higher Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) value and a lower Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) value compared to diesel. Palm oil biodiesel has higher NOx emissions, but lower HC and CO emissions, than diesel. In addition, palm oil biodiesel can be used in diesel engines with little or no modification. It has higher density, cooler flow problems and lower calorific value. Biodiesel can be blended with diesel and used in various concentration ratios to produce biodiesel blends that have properties that comply with international standards on diesel engine fuel and emissions, resulting in improved diesel engine performance and reduced emissions. The B20 and B30 biodiesel blend compositions are the best blend compositions based on the balance between engine efficiency and emission reduction due to the optimal balance between engine performance and environmental benefits. The B20 and B30 biodiesel blends show significant reductions in CO and HC emissions, achieving reductions of about 10% to 25% compared to diesel. The decrease in BTE and increase in BSFC are still proportional, so they do not compromise overall fuel efficiency too much

Analisa Kekerasan Permukaan Baja ST 40 Setelah Carburizing Dengan Luas Rata-rata Partikel Karbon 115,103 μm² DAN 515,735 μm²

Carburizing is a steel hardening technique by adding carbon to the steel with austenite temperature. The purpose of this research is to look at changes in microstructure that occur as well as changes in the value of surface hardness in steel. This research uses ST 40 steel and carbon with 115.103 μm² and 515,735 μm² carbon particles. Steel and carbon are put into a container, tightly closed and heated at 780 ° C for 4 hours. Carburizing specimens testing include carbon particle analysis, microstructure test and vickers hardness test. After the carburizing process, there was a reduction in the area of carbon particles from 115,103 μm² to 110,051 μm² and 515,735 μm² to 440,058 μm². in microstructure testing, ferrite is alpha (α) while pearlite is symbolized (β). Raw material produces an average solubility of elements in Fe (β%) 5.99%. The solubility of the carburizing material with a carbon size of 515,103 μm² was 14.19%. Solubility of the carburizing material with a carbon size of 115.103 μm² by 23,49%. In hardness testing, raw material produces 263.3 kg/mm² hardness. Carburizing uses an average area of 115.103 μm carbon particles resulting in a hardness of 249,68 kg / mm², while carburizing uses an average area of carbon particles 515.735 μm² producing a hardness of 193.7 Kg / mm²