A STUDY ON QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Abstract : Subjective well being has been widely researched in the past few decades and in practical terms it is a term that encompasses the various ways people evaluate their lives including concepts such as life satisfaction, work and health etc. Since, it is well known, that psychological factors including stress, anxiety, poor sleeping habits etc are known to be important causes of life style disorders like myocardial infraction, we started with the hypothesis that subjective well being of post acute MI patients must be poorer compared to normal subjects in the same age group. A comparative study between normal subjects and post acute myocardial infarction patients was undertaken to compare their subjective well being and current mental health status, at Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi using standardized questionnaires. The results showed significantly higher negative affect like inadequate mental mastery over immediate environment, perceived ill health including disturbed sleep, deficiency in social contacts, and a general ill being about life in the MI group (P<0.05). Regarding the positive emotions, the normal subjects showed a higher general well being positive affect, higher transcedence and higher perception of social support. (P<0.05). The GHQ also yielded significantly better sleeping habits, less anxiety, better perception of health and more satisfaction with life in the normal subjects compared to post acute MI patients. (P<0.05)

Quantifying primaquine effectiveness and improving adherence: a round table discussion of the APMEN Vivax Working Group.

The goal to eliminate malaria from the Asia-Pacific by 2030 will require the safe and widespread delivery of effective radical cure of malaria. In October 2017, the Asia Pacific Malaria Elimination Network Vivax Working Group met to discuss the impediments to primaquine (PQ) radical cure, how these can be overcome and the methodological difficulties in assessing clinical effectiveness of radical cure. The salient discussions of this meeting which involved 110 representatives from 18 partner countries and 21 institutional partner organizations are reported. Context specific strategies to improve adherence are needed to increase understanding and awareness of PQ within affected communities; these must include education and health promotion programs. Lessons learned from other disease programs highlight that a package of approaches has the greatest potential to change patient and prescriber habits, however optimizing the components of this approach and quantifying their effectiveness is challenging. In a trial setting, the reactivity of participants results in patients altering their behaviour and creates inherent bias. Although bias can be reduced by integrating data collection into the routine health care and surveillance systems, this comes at a cost of decreasing the detection of clinical outcomes. Measuring adherence and the factors that relate to it, also requires an in-depth understanding of the context and the underlying sociocultural logic that supports it. Reaching the elimination goal will require innovative approaches to improve radical cure for vivax malaria, as well as the methods to evaluate its effectiveness

Polyhedral [M2B5] Metallaborane Clusters and Derivatives: An Overview of Their Structural Features and Chemical Bonding

International audienceA large number of metallaborane clusters and their derivatives with various structural arrangements are known. Among them, M(2)B(5)clusters and derivatives constitute a significant class. Transition metals present in these species span from group 4 to group 7. Their structure can vary from oblatonido, oblatoarachno, to arachno type open structures. Many of these clusters appear to be hypoelectronic and are often considered as 'rule breakers' with respect to the classical Wade-Mingos electron counting rules. This is due to their unique highly oblate (flattened) deltahedral structures featuring a cross-cluster M-M interaction. Many theoretical calculations were performed to elucidate their electronic structure and chemical bonding properties. In this review, the synthesis, structure, and electronic aspects of the transition metal M(2)B(5)clusters known in the literature are discussed. The chosen examples illustrate how, in synergy with experiments, computational results can provide additional valuable information to better understand the electronic properties and electronic requirements which govern their architecture and thermodynamic stability

Metal rich metallaboranes of group 9 transition metals

We report the synthesis and structural characterization of moderately air stable metal rich metallaboranes of iridium. Treatment of [Cp*IrCl₂]₂ with BH₃·thf at high temperature led to the isolation of a trimetallic [nido-5-(Cp*Ir)₃B₇H₁₁], 1. Compound 1 is isoelectronic and isostructural with decaborane-14 where three BH units in [B₁₀H₁₄] have been replaced by Cp*Ir fragments. As far as we are aware, 1 is the first example of a iridadecaborane having three metals. In addition to the formation of 1, a change in the reaction conditions enabled us to isolate a 7 sep [(Cp*Ir)₃B₄H₄], 2. The geometry of 2 can be viewed as a condensed polyhedron composed of Ir₃B₃ octahedron capped by a BH unit. All the compounds have been characterized by IR and ¹H, ¹¹B, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy in solution, and the solid-state structures were established by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Quantum-chemical calculations by DFT methods for compounds 1 and 2 showed reasonable agreement with the experimentally observed structural parameters. The large HOMO–LUMO gaps are consistent with the high stabilities of the iridium clusters compared to their known Rh and Co analogues

Triple-Decker Sandwich Complexes of Tungsten with Planar and Puckered Middle Decks

International audienceA triple-decker complex of tungsten, [(Cp*W){μ-η:η-BHCo(CO)}(H)] (; Cp* = η-CMe), with a planar middle deck has been isolated by thermolysis of an in situ formed intermediate from the reaction of Cp*WCl and LiBH with Co(CO). In addition, we have also isolated another triple-decker complex, [(Cp*W){μ-η:η-BHFe(CO)}(H)] (), having a puckered central ring, from a similar reaction with Fe(CO). Clusters and are unprecedented examples of a triple-decker complex having a 24-valence electron with bridging hydrogen atoms

Synthesis and structure of heterometallic clusters of early transition metals

International audienceIn continuation of our recent studies on the reactivity of [(Cp*Nb)(2)B4H10O], I with metal carbonyls, we have carried out its reactivity with [Fe-2(CO)(9)) that led to the formation of [(Cp*Nb)(2)B2H4O{H2Fe2(CO)(6)BH}], 1. Compound 1 is a heterometallic boride cluster in which [Nb2Fe2] core describes a butterfly framework with one boron atom lying in a semi -interstitial position. Further, in an attempt to isolate the heterometallic metallaboranes of group 4, we have performed the thermolysis reaction of [Cp2Hf(BH4)(2)] with [Cp*IrB3H9] that led to the formation of arachno-[(Cp2HO(Cp*Ir)B3H9], 2, analogous to [(Cp2Zr)(Cp*Ir)B3H9]. Compounds 1 and 2 have been characterized by mass spectrometry, H-1, B-11 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy and the structural types were unequivocally established by crystallographic analysis

New trinuclear complexes of group 6, 8, and 9 metals with a triply bridging borylene ligand

Trinuclear complexes of group 6, 8, and 9 transition metals with a (μ3-BH) ligand [(μ3-BH)(Cp*Rh)2(μ-CO)M′(CO)5], 3 and 4 (3: M′=Mo; 4: M′=W) and 5–8, [(Cp*Ru) 3(μ3-CO)2(μ3-BH)(μ3-E)(μ-H){M′(CO) 3}] (5: M′=Cr, E=CO; 6: M′=Mo, E=CO; 7: M′=Mo, E=BH; 8: M′=W, E=CO), have been synthesized from the reaction between nido-[(Cp*M)2B3H7] (nido-1: M=Rh; nido-2: M=RuH, Cp*=η5-C5Me5) and [M′(CO)5⋅thf] (M′=Mo and W). Compounds 3 and 4 are isoelectronic and isostructural with [(μ3-BH)(Cp*Co)2 (μ-CO)M′(CO)5], (M′=Cr, Mo and W) and [(μ3-BH)(Cp*Co)2 (μ-CO)(μ-H)2M′′H(CO)3], (M′′=Mn and Re). All compounds are composed of a bridging borylene ligand (B−H) that is effectively stabilized by a trinuclear framework. In contrast, the reaction of nido-1 with [Cr(CO)5⋅thf] gave [(Cp*Rh)2Cr(CO)3(μ-CO)(μ3-BH)(B2H4)] (9). The geometry of 9 can be viewed as a condensed polyhedron composed of [Rh2Cr(μ3-BH)] and [Rh2CrB2], a tetrahedral and a square pyramidal geometry, respectively. The bonding of 9 can be considered by using the polyhedral fusion formalism of Mingos. All compounds have been characterized by using different spectroscopic studies and the molecular structures were determined by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis

Metal Centered commo-Bis(metallaselenaborane): Heterotrimetallic Systems Bearing a Zn(II) Center

International audienceThermolysis of an in situ generated intermediate, obtained from the reaction of [Cp*MCl2](2) (M = Rh, Ir) and LiBH4 center dot thf, with Se powder and [Zn(BH4)(2)] afforded the two unusual heterotrimetallic complexes [(Cp*MB2H3Se2)(2) (mu(4)-Zn)] (1, M = Ir; 2, M = Rh), along with [(Cp*M)(2)B2H2Se2] (M = Rh, Ir; Cp* = eta(5)-C5Me5). Clusters 1 and 2 are distinct due to the presence of a tetracoordinated Zn(II) in the Se-4 pocket molded by the Se atoms of two {Cp*MB2H3Se2} units. These clusters belong to a rare class of metal-centered commo-bis(metallaheteroborane) species. The molecular structures of 1 and 2 can be viewed as two arachno-metallaheteroborane subclusters conjoined at the common zinc atom that obey Mingos' fusion formalism. Both 1 and 2 have been comprehensively characterized by multinuclear NMR, IR, and UV-vis spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. All experimental results are well supported by theoretical studies