Economic burden of diabetes mellitus in western India: a hospital based study

Background: Descriptive cost of illness study can provide an overall picture of diabetes in monetary terms in developing country, which may serve as a vital source of information for health care organizations and planning bodies to plan and prioritize local health policies and schemes. The aim was to explore cost description of diabetes in a tertiary care hospital in Anand district of Gujarat, India.Methods: This was an observational study with one year follow up. Ethical approval was taken from IEC. Patients were recruited and were divided into three categories according to duration of diabetes; newly diagnosed cases as category I, diabetes since last 5 year as category II and since last 10 years as category III. All these patients were followed up with 4 visits. Cost was calculated into three components; direct medical, direct non-medical and indirect cost. Descriptive and regression analysis was done using SPSS version 17.0.Results: Total 90 patients were analyzed after 12 patients were lost to follow up, 30 in each category. Mean total cost was found to be 12391.84 INR. Contributions from direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost and indirect cost were 74%, 2% and 24% respectively. Maximum cost incurred was due to medicine cost (44.14%) followed by complication cost (43.34%).Conclusions: Heavy economic burden highlights the urgent need for the health care organizations to plan and prioritize policies and accordingly in prevention and management of diabetes and its complications

A follow up study of discharged COVID-19 patients admitted at tertiary care hospital of Ahmedabad city

Introduction: Though there is limited information on late sequelae of COVID-19, reports of persistent symptoms in persons who recovered from COVID-19 illness have emerged. The most frequently reported symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, cough. Objectives: 1.To identify the persistence or development of various symptoms among discharged COVID-19 patients 2.To study the outcome of COVID-19 infection after one month of discharge 3.To assess the difference in the quality of life pre and post COVID-19 status of study participants by using EuroQol Visual Analogue scale. Material & Methods: A Longitudinal study was carried out among all discharged confirmed COVID-19 patients aged more than 18 years and above in 1st December 2020 to 31st December 2020. 50% of patients discharged in December 2020 were selected by simple random sampling method. Status of present symptoms at the time of discharge and after one month of discharge were taken through telephonic interview. Results: COVID-19patients had persistent symptoms like fatigue, cough, & anosmia respectively at the time of discharge. 7 (4.6%) patients found dead at the time follow up after one month. According to EQ-VAS, 79 (52.3%) COVID-19 patients perceived improved quality of life at the time of follow up one month after discharge as compare to the time of discharge. Conclusion: There is significant improvement in quality of life seen among the patients at the time of follow up than at the time of discharge. At the time of follow up, 4.6% deaths observed and some patients had persistent symptoms like fatigue, dyspnea

THE STUDY OF FREE RADICALS TO EVALUATE THE HEALING EFFECTS OF PUNICA GRANATUM PEEL ON ACETIC ACID-INDUCED COLITIS IN RATS

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the effect of 50% ethanolic extract of the dried Punica granatum peel (PGE) on the healing of acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Methods: Colitis was induced in rats using 50% acetic acid and then PGE extract was administered by oral route daily for 14 days to those rats. Optimal healing was observed by the administration of a 100 mg/kg dose of PGE extract. Effectiveness of the above-mentioned dosage of PGE on biochemical parameters, basically free radicals – nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation was studied on 18 hours fasting rats on the 15th day of the experiment. Results: The results were suggestive of the healing properties of PGE extract by reduction of the inflammation and mucosal damage in the colon of those rats. The healing effects were established by the estimation and study of free radicals taken from the mucosal samples of the rat’s colon. The safety of extract was established by the effective administration of 10 times the therapeutic dose, that is, 1000 mg/kg dosage of the PGE extract with no noticeable adverse effects or side effects related to ANS or central nervous system. Conclusion: PGE extract was found to be effective in healing mucosal damage due to colitis by controlling the infection and reducing the inflammation

A Hospital based cross sectional study to find out factors associated with disease severity and length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients in Tertiary Care Hospital of Ahmedabad city

Background: Tertiary hospital care may vary from isolation bed ward care to high dependency units (HDUs) with oxygen support to intensive care unit (ICU) where patients may be intubated for mechanical ventilation The major risk factors for severe disease are age more than 60 years and underlying diseases like diabetes, hypertension. COVID-19 patients present at varying levels of severity. Understanding how long patients hospitalized with COVID-19 remain in hospital is critical for planning. Objectives: 1. To determine risk factors associated with disease severity 2. To determine risk factors associated with length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients 3. To study the disease outcome Material & Methods: This was retrospective record-based study of inpatients with COVID-19 at Tertiary Care Hospital of Ahmedabad City. All patients admitted at tertiary care hospital diagnosed with COVID-19 between April 2020 to June, 2020, were included in present study. Inclusion criteria were all COVID-19 patients admitted at tertiary care hospital during the duration of April 2020 to June 2020. Results: A total of 916 COVID-19 patients were included in the study. Out of 916 total admitted patients 526 (57.4%) were male. 174 (19%) patients having one or more comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, tuberculosis, heart diseases etc. Total 769 discharged (83.9%), 115 deaths (12.6%) and 32 transferred to other COVID-19 hospital (3.5%) out of total 916 patients admitted during study period. Conclusion: Severity of disease and deaths were associated with age and comorbidities. COVID-19 patients with comorbidities have more deteriorating outcomes compared with patients without

3DCoMPaT++^{++}: An improved Large-scale 3D Vision Dataset for Compositional Recognition

In this work, we present 3DCoMPaT$^{++}$, a multimodal 2D/3D dataset with 160 million rendered views of more than 10 million stylized 3D shapes carefully annotated at the part-instance level, alongside matching RGB point clouds, 3D textured meshes, depth maps, and segmentation masks. 3DCoMPaT$^{++}$ covers 41 shape categories, 275 fine-grained part categories, and 293 fine-grained material classes that can be compositionally applied to parts of 3D objects. We render a subset of one million stylized shapes from four equally spaced views as well as four randomized views, leading to a total of 160 million renderings. Parts are segmented at the instance level, with coarse-grained and fine-grained semantic levels. We introduce a new task, called Grounded CoMPaT Recognition (GCR), to collectively recognize and ground compositions of materials on parts of 3D objects. Additionally, we report the outcomes of a data challenge organized at CVPR2023, showcasing the winning method's utilization of a modified PointNet$^{++}$ model trained on 6D inputs, and exploring alternative techniques for GCR enhancement. We hope our work will help ease future research on compositional 3D Vision.Comment: https://3dcompat-dataset.org/v2

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF NON NEOPLASTIC LESIONS OF SKIN

ABSTRACT   Objectives: To find prevalence of various non-neoplastic skin lesions in our tertiary care Hospital. To study the age and sex wise distribution of non-neoplastic skin lesions. To compare the results of the present study with other studies.  Materials and Methods: The present study comprised of total 200 punch biopsy specimens of diagnosed cases of non-neoplastic lesions of skin, detailed clinical data, age, sex and sites of skin lesions of patients were included. Specimens received were fixed in 10% formalin. Biopsy bits were submitted as whole and processed in automated tissue processor for routine paraffin embedding and stained with haematoxylene and eosin stain. Result: 200 lesions were analyzed.  Maximum cases were in the age group of 21-30 years followed by of 31- 40 years age, Psoriasis was most common (43.63%) followed by Lichen planus    (    18.2%) , Pityriasis rosea (5.4%) and  Ashy dermatosis(5.4%). Discussion: Skin lesions were common in males than in females. Younger age group showed predominance. The most common age group in the present study was 21-30 years. Non-infectious erythematous, papular and squamous lesions were most common followed by Non-infectious vesiculobullous and vesiculopustular lesions, vascular skin lesions and connective tissue disorders, Infective lesions consisted of bacterial, fungal and viral lesions. Conclusion:  Skin lesions were common in males than in females. Maximum cases belonged to non-infectious erythematous, papular and squamous lesions, Psoriasis was commonest, in non-infectious vesiculobullous lesions, Pemphigus vulgaris was commonest followed by infectious and bacterial lesions.             &nbsp