Indonesian Defense Industry Policy in Changes

Indonesia is the country with the strongest military strength in Southeast Asia. A country's military strength is determined by six things, namely military institutions, military policies, military resources, military weapons, national defense industry, and military title capabilities. This paper focuses on defense industry policy. This research uses multi-method research by prioritizing a qualitative approach. The results show that the liberation of business in the defense industry sector is in accordance with business regulation as a strategic industry. Then, the industry is controlled by the state whose control does not mean ownership of the Indonesian defense industry. However, this industry still has weaknesses including the vision of the Indonesian defense industry which is limited to supplying the domestic market, not easy to get capital, insufficient support to enter international markets, constraints in the mastery of technology, and limited human resources

The Motivations Behind the Pearl Harbor Attack: A Focus on Energy Security

Japan attacked to Pearl Harbour had been happened in December 1941. There some conclusion had been founded. Regarding to Japan, there are five reasons: economic reason, financial reason, expanding living space, securing from political domestic unrest, and to win the war speedily. However, the war is a pragmatical choice of Japan and heavily motivated by energy security agenda. Therefore, even they saw to probability to win the war was low, they still committed to have the war. For the US, the reasons to wage war to Japan was more than the anger of Pearl Harbour being devastated, it was a political justification to keep the global domination, especially toward Japan’s steady of growth and expansion. The reason of war is still relevan today as there is some similarity of great powers competitions. Therefore, it needs to be taken as the important lesson learned, in order to make war as history only to the human civilization and maintaining world peace and security

Nusantara Capital City (IKN): Threats and Defense Strategies for Indonesia’s New Capital

Jakarta, as the current state capital of Indonesia, plays an important role as the center of government and economy. However, due to several problems in Jakarta, the government has considered relocating the capital city to other regions. The President of Indonesia, Jokowi, has expressed his intention to move the capital city to Kalimantan Island. This relocation has raised concerns about defense policy. This research aims to identify the threats that may arise in the proposed new capital city, Nusantara Capital City (IKN), and to propose strategies to overcome them. The methods used in this research include a qualitative approach based on documented perceptions, assumptions, and judgments among Indonesia’s leaders and a quantitative approach to mapping the comparative postures of relevant defense figures. The results indicate that the highest threat in IKN comes from the air (combat, UAV, ICBM’s), while the low-level threat is the location of IKN, which is near the borders, and FIR coincides with the IASL. The critical aspect of defending IKN would be to strengthen national defense diplomacy in the region. In conclusion, this research provides insight into the potential threats to the proposed new capital city and suggests strategies to mitigate them

Building Disaster Resilient Tourism through Strengthening Disaster Management Strategies in Batu City

Indonesia has a high intensity of disaster events. The high incidence of disasters in Indonesia has had a detrimental impact on several sectors, one of which is the tourism sector.  This study was conducted to find out actors who play a role in disaster management strategy and their relation to national defense. This study used QGIS software, MICMAC, and MACTOR for analysis. MICMAC analysis emphasizes factors or variables, and then MACTOR emphasizes actors. This research found that the institutional capacity between institutions in Batu City was good, but still needed to be improved. The role of actors in improving disaster management in tourism areas in Batu City is very crucial, especially BPBD and DLH as actors who influence other actors on strategy and disaster management in Batu City. The role of actors in disaster management through risk mapping, preparing emergency response plans, and involving the community in prevention efforts are important actions in disaster management. The success of these efforts will contribute to overall national security and stability. This condition led to the involvement of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) in emergency disaster response operations

G-20 SUMMIT 2022 LESSON LEARNED: THE DEFENSE DIPLOMACY LENSES

As the president of G-20 in 2022, Indonesia held the Summit of 19 countries plus one region, representing 80% of the world's GDP, 75% of global exports, and 60% of the global population. Indonesia's interests in G-20 Bali were on strategic and direct appeal. The strategic benefits were (a) taking G 20 as a strategic forum to discuss global issues: global health, financial stability, and climate change, (b) showcasing Indonesia's economic recovery efforts during the Covid-19 pandemic, and (c) showcasing Indonesia's role as a meeting leader that will support the formation of global policies. The immediate benefits were (a) an increase in foreign exchange from delegation visits to Indonesia, (b) a revival of the hospitality sector, (c) support for the increase in domestic consumption, (d) optimising the role of MSMEs, and (e) increase employment absorption. Using the defence diplomacy lens instrument, the research found that the Summit has reached a profound performance, as the total commission is reaching 3,89 from 4.00. The economic interest of the nation has been delivered at the score of 3.66, which means the level of defence diplomacy has almost reached the 4th level –the regulator—which puts Indonesia as a very high-impact country. The political interest was delivered at the score of 2.00, which means the performance level was facilitator, the ow impact country. The general interest was shown at a 3.00 score, which means the negotiator, which means that Indonesia might have been a high-impact country

IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN SEMI MILITER DI SEKOLAH KEDINASAN SEBAGAI PENCETAK SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA PERTAHANAN UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERTAHANAN NEGARA

Sumber Daya Manusia Pertahanan kedepannya sangat diperlukan guna mendukung Pertahanan Negara, namun perlunya manajemen sumber daya manusia pada implementasi pendidikan semi militer yang telah diatur dan dirancang agar menghasilkan kader-kader pemimpin hebat di masa yang akan datang. Dalam penelitian ini membahas tentang implementasi pendidikan semi militer di sekolah kedinasan bagi kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Pertahanan Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Data data yang telah dikumpulkan dari studi kepustakaan berupa buku, jurnal atau artikel, dan internet yang kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori yang relevan dengan topik yang akan dibahas. Hasil penelitian ini yakni terdapat banyak kesamaan dan budaya yang melekat antara sekolah kedinasan dan budaya militer sehingga para taruna atau siswa nantinya dapat dengan mudah menyesuaikan dengan lingkungan pertahanan atau kemiliteran serta untuk mengidentifikasi kader-kader potensial yang akan menduduki jabatan pimpinan seperti menjadi pemimpin di TNI/POLRI melalui jalur masuk PaPK/SIPSS dan menjadi prioritas sebagai komponen cadangan ketika sudah lulus dari sekolah kedinasan

Airborne Diplomacy: A Strategic Analysis of the Berlin Airlift's Air Power Perspective

The Berlin Airlift is one of the most significant events in the history of air power and international relations. The operation, which lasted from June 1948 to May 1949, involved the massive airlift of essential supplies to the citizens of Berlin, who were cut off from the rest of the world by Soviet forces. The airlift was a demonstration of air power and humanitarian efforts that ultimately helped in achieving the objectives of diplomacy. This paper provides a strategic analysis of the Berlin Airlift's air power perspective and its role in shaping the diplomatic outcome of the crisis. The theory used in this research is the Theory of Air Power, Air Mobility Theory, Military Strategy & Defense Diplomacy. The method used is a qualitative method. It is concluded that, First, the Berlin Airlift aerial maneuver incident occurred because the Soviet Union did not want to rebuild Germany, but instead ordered the encirclement of the Berlin area. The target of the resistance was to block access and logistics and other supplies to West Berlin. Second, infrastructure, facilities, and services, including infrastructure, maintenance, logistics in the form of facilities and construction, as well as health services are important elements in the implementation of air mobility operations. Air Force logistics air mobility operational guidelines need to be formulated with the development of science and technology & gives valuable lessons for defense diplomacy and air power humanitarian operation applied in modern-day conflicts and wars

Upaya Bela Negara di Era Society 5.0

AbstrakBela negara berhubungan erat dengan tujuan negara Indonesia sebagaimana yang tertuang dalam Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 alenia empat. Dalam menjaga kedaulatan bangsa serta keutuhan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI) di era society 5.0, maka kesadaran akan ilmu pertahanan dan bela negara harus ditanamkan agar setiap warga negara memiliki sikap nasionalisme dan patriotisme. Bela negara merupakan konsep yang dibuat untuk mempertahankan eksistensi negara agar mampu menghadapi ancaman, gangguan, hambatan dan tantangan baik yang datang dari dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Upaya bela negara merupakan bentuk kerelaan setiap warga negara sebagai pengabdian dan cinta kepada bangsa dan negara. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang bela negara dalam menghadapi era society 5.0 sebagai upaya dalam rangka mempertahankan keutuhan dan kedaulatan bangsa dan negara Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Bela Negara, NKRI, Society 5.0 AbstractState Defense is closely related to the goals of the Indonesian state as stated in the fourth paragraph of 1945 Constitution. In maintaining national soverignity dan the integrity of the unitary Stae of Republic Indonesia (NKRI) in the era of society 5.0, awareness of the science of defense and state defense must be instilled so that every citizen has an attitude of nationalism and patriotism. State defense is a concept created to maintain the existence of the state in order to be able to face threats,disturbance, obstacles and challenges both coming from within and outside the country. Efforts to defend the country is a form of willingness of every citizen as devotion and love to the nation and state. This paper aims to find out the understanding of state defense in facing the era of society 5.0 as an effort to maintain the integrity and sovereignity of the Indonesian nation and state.Keywords: NKRI, Society 5.0, State Defens

Force development against irregular and hybrid warfare in Indonesia

The development of national defense is directed to be able to answer various possible threats and actual problems that are adjusted to the geographical conditions and dynamics of the strategic environment. Current and future threats are growing very fast and increasingly complex. Threats to the state can essentially be classified into three types, namely military threats, both armed and unarmed, non-military threats, and hybrid threats. The threats that have emerged during the co-19 pandemic are irregular warfare and hybrid threats. This research will discuss the analysis of force development to face the threat of irregular warfare and hybrid warfare in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that Indonesia as a country that has a strategic location and attractiveness of various spectrums needs to always prepare itself by implementing relevant strategies in accordance with the capital already owned in the Indonesian nation itself, this is needed to avoid national disunity due to irregular warfare that enters the joints of state life