Fine needle cytology of Kaposi’s sarcoma in heterosexual male

Kaposi’s sarcomas the most common malignancy associated with Human Herpesvirus-8 (HHV8) infection. Though name is sarcoma but it is low grade vascular neoplasm. It is the tumour which arises from endothelial lining of vessels as well as lymphatic channels. So it involved all sites such as skin, Gastro intestine, lungs along with lymph nodes. We are presenting one such case of 65 year immunocompromised Indian male presented with multiple non blanching reddish bluish nodules on all extremities, chest, back with submandibular and cervical lymphadenopathy. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed and diagnosis was given low grade spindle cell neoplasm consistent with Kaposi’s sarcoma which was confirmed on histopathology as Kaposi’s sarcoma

Chemo-Thermo Cure of Viscoelastic Materials for Semiconductor Packaging Applications

Viscoelastic polymer materials are being actively considered as a novel material for semiconductor packaging applications as a result of their ability to develop strong adhesive bonds at lower temperatures. Viscoelastic thermoset materials are impacted by the stresses generated during the curing process, which is also accompanied by a dissipation of thermal energy. There is a need to develop a generic modeling formulation that is applicable to any material of interest in order to enable the study of different bonding materials and develop optimized curing cycles. This study reports a numerical formulation to evaluate the stress generated and energy dissipated during the cure of viscoelastic polymers. A generalized method to define the transient variation of degree of cure was developed using a 4th order Runge Kutta approximation. The mathematical formulation was implemented using a novel evaluation methodology that helped reduce the computational power requirement. The commercially-available 3501-6 resin was simulated as a characteristic material in this study. The numerical model was validated against analytically derived solutions for both a single Maxwell model, and a Generalized Maxwell Model (GMM) for cases of constant-strain inputs, and subsequently for sinusoidal strain inputs, wherein, material properties were considered to be constant or varying linearly with degree of cure. A good agreement was obtained between the present model and analytical solutions

PHARMACOGNOSTIC, PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF SEBASTIANIA CHAMAELEA (L).MUELL.ARG

Background: The plant Sebastiania chamaelea (L).Muell.arg belongs to Euphorbiaceae family and is a native to Africa, southern Asia and Australia. This is used as a folk medicine for the management of pain in various parts of the world. Very few studies have been conducted on the S.chamaelea. This present study was conducted to establish quality control parameters of the plant. Methodology: The study deals with detailed macro morphology, microscopy of transverse section of root, stem, leaves and fruit. The powder microscopy of seeds was carried out as well. The other parameters like physicochemical constants and phytochemical screening were studied using the standard protocol. Results: The study provides referential information for the correct identification and standardization of crude drug of Sebastiania chamaelea (L).Muell.arg

Systematic Review of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in India: The Past, Present, and the Future Trends

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has become an asymptomatic disease in the Western world with the introduction of routine calcium screening. However, the same phenomenon is not observed in India. We have now systematically reviewed the status of PHPT in India. While there is a paucity of literature on PHPT from India when compared to Western countries, some information can be gleaned upon. Most patients present with symptomatic disease whereas very few are screen-detected cases (bone disease 77%, renal disease 36%, and 5.6% asymptomatic). Mean calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and alkaline phosphate levels are high while Vitamin D levels are low. The average parathyroid gland weight is large and the majority being parathyroid adenomas (89.1%). Hungry bone syndrome (HBS) is common in the postoperative period. The disease-related mortality rate is 7.4%, recurrence 4.16%, and persistent disease 2.17%. We suggest that dedicated efforts are needed to pick up asymptomatic disease in India by methods like incorporating calcium estimation in the routine health check-up programs

A COMPARITIVE EVALUATION OF SPECIES OF GUDUCHI (TINOSPORA CORDIFOLIA (WILID.) MEIRS EX HOOK. F & THOMS., TINOSPORA MALABARICA MEIRS EX HOOK, TINOSPORA CRISPA MEIRS.) W.R.T SATWA

Background: Guduchi is a plant belonging to Menispermaceae family and widely used in Ayurvedic system of medicine. Tinospora cordifolia is the accepted botanical source of Guduchi. All the three species are indigenous to the tropical areas of India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. Guduchi Satwa is the most commonly used dosage form of the plant for various conditions like fever, arthritis, gastric ulcer cough etc. Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi) is a widely used shrub in folk and Ayurvedic systems of medicine. Species of the plant, stem size, collection time, season and maturity of the plant may affect the yield and physico-chemical profile of Guduchi Satwa. Due to high demand and less yield of Satwa from Guduchi plant, market sample of Guduchi Satwa is subjected to adulteration. Hence this study is aimed at standardizing Guduchi Satwa prepared from all the three available species of the plant. Methodology: The study deals with preparation of Satwa as per the classical text of Ayurveda, identifying organoleptic features, conducting physicochemical and photochemical screening of the Satwa of all the above mentioned species of Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia (wilid.) Meirs ex hook. f & thoms., Tinospora malabarica meirs ex hook, Tinospora crispa meirs.). Results: The study provided significant difference in the yield of Satwa. Variations in the organoleptic characters were insignificant. All the phytoconstituents were found to be same and the physicochemical values were within the limits in all three species

Analgesic Activity of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg.

Background: This study intended to experimentally evaluate the analgesic activity of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. which is widely used by folklore and traditional healers in pain relief. The drug is commonly known as ‘Bhumi Eranda’ among the locals.Methods: The plant material of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. was collected from the fields of Sri Sri College of Ayurvedic Science and Research, Bangalore and preserved as per the standard method. The toxicity studies carried out earlier has proved that, the drug was non-toxic up to 3000 mg/kg body weight. The effective doses were derived as 300 mg/kg (lower) and 600 mg/kg (higher) body weight and the experimental study was conducted. Analgesic screening models used for the study are – Eddy’s Hot plate and Tail immersion models. The study was carried out in 4 groups i.e. Control, Standard, Lower dose Kashaya of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. and Higher dose Kashaya of Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. in each model. The activity was compared with a standard reference drug, Tramadol and Diclofenac.Results: The results were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test followed by Dunnett test to detect the significance of differences between each group and control.Conclusion: The study helped to conclude, Sebastiania chamaelea (L.) Muell. Arg. as an ideal analgesic and supported the traditional claim

Real work experiences, practices and adverse events associated with long term usage of N95 respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic – A cross-sectional survey amongst Indian physicians

Introduction: Doctors are at increased risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 virus, and use of N95 respirators has emerged as a key preventive measure. This study aimed to study the real-world experiences, practices and adverse effects of N95 respirator usage amongst doctors of India. Methods: An analytical, cross-sectional online survey was conducted between November 2020 and January 2021. Real-world usage characteristics of N-95 respirators were collected via a pre-validated questionnaire (use, reuse, wearing and disposal practices) and compared amongst different sub-cohorts. Results: 453 responses from physicians were analyzed. The most important adjunct to the N95 respirator perceived by the respondents was the full-face shield (81.9%). Most doctors had to purchase extra mask per month (median = 5) and this was more amongst the medical specialties (p = 0.006). Highest mean VAS scores for adverse events were reported for breathing on exertion (6.62 ± 2.25) and ear pain (6.34 ± 2.69). VAS ear pain was higher in ages < 40 and doctors working in the public sector (p = 0.017 and p = 0.019 respectively). Conclusion: There are many inadequacies with regard to proper mask removal and doffing techniques among doctors in India. The major adverse effects faced by the doctors on prolonged mask usage were ear pain and breathing on exertion. However, it can be noted in spite of these deficiencies; there is generally good adherence to protocols and good practices of mask usage in hospital setting

Isolation, identification and antibiotic susceptibility profiling of antimicrobial resistant Listeria monocytogenes from dairy milk

Abstract The objective of the present study wa