Clinicopathologic study on the effects of Glyphosate (Roundup?) at sublethal levels in a murine experimental model

P?ginas 17-24Recurso Electr?nicoEn Colombia, los pesticidas a base de glifosato se usan para el control de malezas en la agricultura y erradicaci?n de cultivos il?citos. Sin embargo, los efectos t?xicos en animales y humanos expuestos a dosis subletales son desconocidos. Este estudio evalu? los efectos cl?nico-patol?gicos de dietas con 7,5 ppm y 15 ppm glifosato en ratones Mus musculus gestantes, usando el herbicida Roundup?. Se registr? el peso corporal de las hembras, de sus cr?as, y la viabilidad de las camadas diariamente. Las lesiones macrosc?picas e histopatol?gicas en el h?gado, ri??n, ?tero y cerebro se determinaron a trav?s de necropsias en los d?as 5, 30 y 45 despu?s de la exposici?n, adem?s de los ?ndices org?nicos hep?tico y cardiaco. No hubo diferencias significativas en el peso corporal, el tama?o y la viabilidad de las camadas a ninguna de las dosis evaluadas. Se observ? congesti?n y aumento en el tama?o del h?gado, ri??n y bazo, despu?s de 5 d?as de exposici?n, sugiriendo un proceso de desintoxicaci?n. A 30 y 45 d?as, no se observaron signos cl?nicos ni lesiones patol?gicas atribuibles al glifosato; sin embargo, un aumento en el tama?o de los hepatocitos, con contenido vacuolar y granular de aspecto protein?ceo indican un efecto evidente, aunque sutil del Roundup? a dosis subletales con posible adaptabilidad org?nica. Se concluye que el consumo de alimento con 7,5 ppm y 15 ppm de glifosato durante 5, 30 y 45 d?as causa alteraciones sutiles de toxicidad en ratones durante la gestaci?n, la lactancia y el posparto, pero no en sus camadas.ABSTRACT. In Colombia, glyphosate-based pesticides are used for weed control in agriculture and eradication of illicit crops; however, the toxic effects in animals and humans exposed to sublethal doses are unknown. This study evaluated the clinical and pathological changes induced by diets containing glyphosate at 7,5 ppm and 15 ppm in pregnant mice Mus musculus, using the herbicide Roundup ?. The body-weight of pregnant females and offspring and the viability of litters were recorded daily. Gross and microscopic lesions in liver, kidney, uterus and brain were determined at necropsies performed at 5, 30 and 45 days post- exposure, in addition to the liver and heart organic indexes. No significant differences were found in body weight, size and viability of litters at any dose. Organs such as the liver, kidney and spleen were enlarged and congested at day 5 post exposure, suggesting a detoxification process. At 30 and 45 days, no clinical signs or pathological lesions attributed to glyphosate were found. However, there was an increase in the hepatocyte size, with vacuolar and granular cytoplasm and proteinaceus-like content, suggesting a subtle effect of sublethal doses of Roundup ?, with possible organ adaptability. We conclude that the consumption of food containing 7.5 ppm and 15 ppm of glyphosate for 5, 30 and 45 days, cause subtle toxic alterations in mice during pregnancy, lactation and postpartum, but not in their litters