Evaluación de los suelos de la comarca del Aljarafe

58 páginas, 6 cuadros, 27 referencias.-- 1 mapa de suelos.-- Memoria final presentada al XXIV Curso Internacional de Edafología y Biología Vegetal, patrocinado por UNESCO-AECI y CSIC que desde 1963 hasta 2009 se ha impartido en el Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Cuarto (CEBAC), que desde 1987 pasó a denominarse Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS-CSIC).-- Existe un ejemplar de la publicación en la Biblioteca del Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla-CSIC, para su consulta.Director del trabajo: Mudarra Gómez, José LuisEste trabajo se refiere a la caracterización, cartografía y evaluación de los suelos de la comarca de El Aljarafe (Sevilla). La fase de caracterización y cartografía fue realizada en los años 1983 y 1984 por la Unidad Estructural de Investigación de Cartografía y Evaluación de Suelos del Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Cuarto, que dirige el Dr. D. José Luis Mudarra Gómez, con la colaboración del Ayudante de Investigación D. Antonio Rosales Sánchez y los alumnos del XX y XXI Curso Internacional de Edafología.El presente informe corresponde a la continuación de un trabajo que se ha venido realizando desde años anteriores y dentro del programa de investigación denominado "Estudio de las condiciones de fertilidad de los suelos españoles de mayor interés agrícola" del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Proyecto 2252.01.Peer reviewe

Indomethacin decreases viscosity of gallbladder bile in patients with cholesterol gallstone disease

There is experimental evidence that inhibition of cyclooxygenase with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may decrease cholesterol gall-stone formation and mitigate biliary pain in gall-stone patients. The mechanisms by which NSAIDs exert these effect are unclear. In a prospective, controlled clinical trial we examined the effects of oral indomethacin on the composition of human gall-bladder bile. The study included 28 patients with symptomatic cholesterol or mixed gallstones. Of these, 8 were treated with 3 × 25 mg indomethacin daily for 7 days prior to elective cholecystectomy while 20 received no treatment and served as controls. Bile and tissue samples from the gallbladder were obtained during cholecystectomy. Indomethacin tissue levels in the gallbladder mucosa, as assessed by HPLC, were 1.05±0.4 ng/mg wet weight, a concentration known to inhibit effectively cyclooxygenase activity. Nevertheless, no differences between the treated and untreated groups were found in the concentrations of biliary mucus glycoprotein (0.94±0.27 versus 0.93±0.32 mg/ml) or total protein (5.8±0.9 versus 6.4±1.3 mg/ml), cholesterol saturation (1.3±0.2 versus 1.5±0.2), or nucleation time (2.0±3.0 versus 1.5±2.0 days). However, biliary viscosity, measured using a low-shear rotation viscosimeter, was significantly lower in patients receiving indomethacin treatment (2.9±0.6 versus 5.6±1.2 mPa.s; P < 0.02). In conclusion, in man oral indomethacin decreases bile viscosity without alteration of bile lithogenicity or biliary mucus glycoprotein content. Since mucus glycoproteins are major determinants of bile viscosity, an alteration in mucin macromolecular composition may conceivably cause the indomethacin-induced decrease in biliary viscosity and explain the beneficial effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in gallstone disease

Comparison of Different Methods for the Calculation of the Microvascular Flow Index

The microvascular flow index (MFI) is commonly used to semiquantitatively characterize the velocity of microcirculatory perfusion as absent (0), intermittent (1), sluggish (2), or normal (3). There are three approaches to compute MFI: (1) the average of the predominant flow in each of the four quadrants (MFIby quadrants), (2) the direct assessment during the bedside video acquisition (MFIpoint of care), and (3) the mean value of the MFIs determined in each individual vessel (MFIvessel by vessel). We hypothesized that the agreement between the MFIs is poor and that the MFIvessel by vessel better reflects the microvascular perfusion. For this purpose, we analyzed 100 videos from septic patients. In 25 of them, red blood cell (RBC) velocity was also measured. There were wide 95% limits of agreement between MFIby quadrants and MFIpoint of care (1.46), between MFIby quadrants and MFIvessel by vessel (2.85), and between MFIby point of care and MFIvessel by vessel (2.56). The MFIs significantly correlated with the RBC velocity and with the fraction of perfused small vessels, but MFIvessel by vessel showed the best R2. Although the different methods for the calculation of MFI reflect microvascular perfusion, they are not interchangeable and MFIvessel by vessel might be better

Effets de la protection sur la structure démographique et l’abondance d’Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe, 1834). L’exemple du Parc national de l’archipel des îles Cabrera (Méditerranée centre-ouest)

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Fast integrated tunable laser using filtered feedback

A novel integrated tunable laser is presented which combines a simple tuning method with ns switching speed. The Photonic Integrated Circuit consists of a Fabry-Perot laser with deeply-etched DBR mirrors. The Fabry-Perot modes can be selected independently using an Arrayed Waveguide Grating and then re-injected into the laser cavity, forcing single mode operation at the wavelength of that mode. 4ns switching time as well as 15 dB SMSR is demonstrated on the prototype device