Synthesis of Nano-Structured Polyaniline by Direct Emulsion Polymerization

A direct emulsion process was performed for the synthesis of an emeraldine salt of polyaniline (PANI) us-ing a novel surfactant, namely cetyl dimethyl ammonium phenyl chloride (CDAPhCl). HCl was used as do-pant and potassium persulfate (KPS)was used as an oxidizing agent. Variation of polymer yield was recorded using conventional gravimetric method and resulting polymer salt was analyzed by FTIR. Average particle size and latex morphology was studied using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microsco-py (SEM).Furthermore, the influence of the reaction time followed by polymer yield on the conductivity of re-sulted PANI salt was investigated. SEM images showed a nanostructured polyaniline and conductivity of the polyaninle film found to be 1.65 S cm-1. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3563

Study on the Effects of Temperature, Time and the Policy of Prepolymerization on Particle Morphology in Propylene Slurry Polymerization with Heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta Catalysts

The effects of temperature, time and the strategy of prepolymerization were studied on the morphology of polypropylene particles. propylene polymerization was carried out in slurry phase using 4th generation of Ziegler-Natta Catalyst, cyclohexylmethyl dimethoxysilane as external electron donor, and triethyl aluminum as co-catalyst. Prepolymerizations were carried out based on two strategies: isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Particle imaging using SEM, bulk density, and particle size distribution was used to analyse the particle morphology. It was found that the variation of initial condition together with the change in the mechanism of particle fracture has a dominant effect on particle morphology. Each combination between the temperature and reaction time causes to have a special effect on the product particle morphology. It has become clear that in isothermal prepolymerization, spherical particles with identical properties were produced. In low temperature experiments particles with porous surface were observed. At increasing temperature, however, the pores disappeared. Non-isothermal prepolymerization produced different morphological types. In all experiments coreshell structures were observed that seemed to be related to the structure of catalysts