ON THE CAYLEY GRAPHS OF BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS

A Boolean function is a function $f:\Bbb{Z}_n^2 \rightarrow \{0,1\}$ and we denote the set of all $n$-variable Boolean functions by $BF_n$. For $f\in BF_n$ the vector $[{\rm W}_f(a_0),\ldots,{\rm W}_f(a_{2n-1})]$ is called the Walsh spectrum of $f$, where ${\rm W}_f(a)= \sum_{x\in V} (-1)^{f(x) \oplus ax}$, where $V_n$ is the vector space of dimension $n$ over the two-element field $F_2$. In this paper, we shall consider the Cayley graph $\Gamma_f$ associated with a Boolean function $f$. We shall also find a complete characterization of the bent Boolean functions of order $16$ and determine the spectrum of related Cayley graphs.In addition, we shall enumerate all orbits of the action of automorphism group on the set $BF_n$.

Comparative study of cognitive factors in obsessive- compulsive, generalized anxiety, and major depression disorders

Background and aims: With attention to considered various cognitive factors in psychopathology of obsessive- compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, the aim of this study was comparison of Thought Action Fusion (TAF), responsibility and the overestimation of threat (RT), and over importance and Control Thoughts (ICT), Perfectionism and The Intolerance of Uncertainty (PC) cognitive beliefs in Obsessive- Compulsive Disorder (OCD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Major Depression Disorder (MDD) and normal group to more clarification psychopathology of these disorders. Methods: This study is causal-comparative research. The clinical samples include patients referred from January to June 2016 to Sari Shahid Zareh hospital in this regard. From each of these groups, 30 individuals were selected from hospitals and clinics of Sari and 30 individuals were selected accomplish obsessive beliefs questionnaire and thought action fusion scale. Data were analyzed by MANOVA. Results: The results of MANOVA and Tukey posthoc test showed that OCD group was significantly higher than other groups in TAF, RT and ICT (P0.086). Also, the results showed that all of these cognitive beliefs OCD and GAD groups were significantly higher than depression and normal groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: According to these results, it seems that TAF, RT and ICT are more specific for OCD, but about PC there isn’t this specialty and it is common cognitive vulnerability in OCD and GAD

Morphological variation of golden mullet, Liza aurata, of southern coasts of the Caspian Sea

Morphological features of Golden mullet (Liza aurata) population in the southern coasts of the Caspian Sea were studied. A total of 228 fish specimens were collected from Bandar Anzali, Kiashahr, Babolsar and Bandar Turkman in Iranian waters. A combination of Truss network, traditional system and few meristic counts were simultaneously applied to the sample set. Statistically high significant morphometric differences were observed between the four L. aurata stocks. Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant differences between the means of samples for 10 out of 25 standardized morphometric measurements of truss system, 3 out of 7 measurements of traditional morphometric system and also the number of second dorsal fin spines, soft rays of second dorsal fin, total number of pectoral fin rays, soft rays of anal fin, number of squmosum scales and pyloric caeca among meristic counts. Discriminant analysis correctly classified 76% and 70.3% of individuals into their original samples for morphometric features and meristic counts, respectively. Plotting discriminant functions revealed differentiation of the four stocks based on morphometric measurements. The Bandar Anzali stock was isolated from the others, and the Baholsar stock was found to be located between Kiashahr and Bandar Turkman stocks. The pattern of morphological discreetness suggests a direct relationship between the extent of morphological divergence and geographical separation

Exploring the efficiency of Evolutionary Distinctness in conservation prioritization

In this Age of Extinction, we must prioritize the species we want to conserve. Conservation programs use different metrics for species prioritization, but more work is needed linking these metrics to particular aspects of biodiversity value. Here, I focus on the species-specific conservation metric of Evolutionary Distinctness (ED) designed to identify species with few close relatives. I first explore the relationship between ED and a presumed valuable attribute, the average rarity of traits. Using simulations, I find high degrees of association between ED and trait rarity; however unlike another metric of isolation (Average Pairwise Distance) this ability decreases as higher gamma clades are sampled. I then examine, under different scenarios of extinction, how well ED captures a related touted value, total phylogenetic diversity (PD). I find a very strong correlation between PD and ED across all surveyed trees. Overall, ED is not perfect, but shows some promise as a simple conservation metric, capturing at least two related measures of biodiversity value

The Study of the Relationship of Thought-Action Fusion, the Feelings of Responsibility and Guilt with Different Dimensions of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Shiraz University Students

This study represents an investigation of the Salkovskis and Rachman 's theories concerning the obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). It seeks to determine the constructs of Thought-Action Fusion (TAF), feelings of responsibility and guilt that predict OCD original symptoms. To this end, 565 students of Shiraz University were selected through random sampling. The participants in the study responded to "Thought-Action Fusion Scale", "PADUA Scale", "Responsibility Attitude Scale" and "Guilt Inventory".  The results of stepwise multiple regression indicate that Thought-Action Fusion subscales are more predictive of the original obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Thus, moral component of this scale predicts OCD original symptoms more than other two constructs, i.e., the likelihood of realization of thoughts about self is the predictor of fear of guilt, and the likelihood of occurring negative events can be the predictor of obsessive checking and concerns losing motor behaviors

Effectiveness of positive Therapy on Happiness and Hope in cancer Patients

Considering the importance of happiness and life expectancy as important and even effective psychological components in the process of treating overwhelming cancers, the aim of present research was investigating the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on happiness and hope in cancer patients .The statistical community of research were total cancer patients of Babolsar shahid Rajai hospital who referred it at 2015. Among them 40 people were selected from voluntarily sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control group (20 persons in each groups). Both groups have responded to Oxford happiness questionnaire and Snyder Hope scale at both pre-and post –test stop, and experimental group have received positive psychotherapy. Research data have analyzed by using covariance analysis. Research findings showed that there was group at pre-test step. Regard to research finding, it can be mentioned that positive psychotherapy increase happiness and hope in cancer patients and it can be used as an efficient method

Prioritization of the Influential Factors on European Tourists’ Evaluation of the World Heritage Site of Naghsh-e-Jahan in Isfahan

Today, world heritage sites have found special importance in the world, and tourists value these sites highly. This study tries to determine and prioritize the factors that matter for European tourists visiting these sites. Using convenience sampling, a number of 207 questionnaires were distributed among European tourists visiting Naghsh-e-Jahanin Isfahan during Farvard i

The Relationship between Customer Equity and Satisfaction Experienced by Domestic Tourists Staying at Five- star Hotels of Tehran

In marketing texts, value equity, brand equity, and relationship equity are frequently discussed as the three main dimensions of customer equity, which directly influence companies’ profitability. Satisfaction, the consequent loyalty, the repeated purchasing by customers, and finally the profitability, are objectives of all service and non-service organizations, which can be achieved by programming and continuously surveying on marketing activities. The present research is a survey type research and uses questionnaire to measure the effects and relationships of three major principles of equity with satisfaction level apprehended by domestic tourists that had stayed at least one night in one of the five-star hotels of Tehran in our research period. The sample population includes 267 individuals. Data were statistically analyzed by structural equation modeling. Results have manifested direct and meaningful effects of value equity, brand equity and relationship equity variables on the tourists' satisfaction level. 44% of the changes in the customers' satisfaction were reported to be due to these three variables, therefore it is proposed to improve these three dimensions of customer equity in order to increase and enhance tourists' satisfaction

A Feasibility Study of Tourism Investment Opportunities: The Case of Tarom as an International Recreational-Tourist Town

The significant role of investment in the process of societies’ economic growth and development is highlighted in most theories on economic growth and development. Taking into account the shortage of investment sources and the necessity of optimal allocation of these sources for promoting economic growth, it is necessary to rightly identify the relative advantages of a country as regards the allocation of investment sources and also direct investment sources in most productive and efficient sectors in order to provide for efficient use of limited sources to accelerate economic growth. Thus, it is much necessary to use the scientific methods of economic engineering and economic evaluation of projects to economically and financially evaluate investment projects. This descriptive, analytic and applied study evaluates economic indicators of investment in Tarom (located in Zanjan Province) as an international recreational-tourist town via different criteria of economic and financial evaluation and the use of COMFAR (A computer software for simulating the financial and economic situation of investment projects). The results indicated that conducting the project of Tarom Recreational-Tourist Town has no justification in terms of indicators of financial and economic evaluation

Intellectual and Cognitive Effects of Plotinus on the Mystic Philosophical Opinions of Attar and Rumi

The effects and synergies of intellectual and cultural influence are the features undeniable in various nations and civilizations from ancient times until the present day. Schools of thought, ideas and theories of philosophical and mystical in human life, have seen many changes and passed through a development and evolution. Plotinus, one of the philosophers of ancient Greece and founder of the Neo-Platonic philosophy, expressed intellectual and philosophical statements about the existence of human and relationship between man and the Creator of man and the universe. In the culture of Persian mysticism, the thinkers were inspired by the ideas of this Greek scholar and created many works. In this regard, Attar and Rumi as two figures in Islamic-Iranian mysticism affected by the ideas of this outstanding thinker. In this article, we are to distinguish similarities and differences of these three thoughtful ideas with each other in eleven categories: celibacy of spirit, spiritualism, world-aversion and so on