7 research outputs found
Savoirs expérientiels et traductions institutionnelles
La participation des personnes concernĂ©es (par une situation, un traitement, une condition de santĂ©) Ă la recherche, lâenseignement et lâĂ©laboration des services se retrouve dans les derniĂšres annĂ©es sur le devant de la scĂšne. Ă partir dâune enquĂȘte sur un programme de rĂ©insertion au travail dans le domaine psychiatrique, se rĂ©clamant dâune approche de la
âpleine citoyennetĂ©â, le contenu de cette derniĂšre est problĂ©matisĂ©. Les propos des participant-e-s Ă lâĂ©tude parlent surtout dâexclusion sociale et de dĂ©sir dâappartenance communautaire. Les Ă©crits officiels et de recherche se rĂ©fĂšrent de leurs cĂŽtĂ©s plutĂŽt aux rapports aux institutions, respectivement Ă la participation civique et sociale. Cette opĂ©ration discursive de traduction dâexpĂ©riences dans un cadre dâanalyse interroge la place faite au savoir expĂ©rientiel des personnes concernĂ©es, dont la reconnaissance est un enjeu non seulement de dĂ©mocratie sanitaire, mais de rapports entre diffĂ©rentes formes de connaissance.Participation of the people directly involved (with a situation, a treatment, a health condition)
in research, teaching and development of services, has come to the fore in recent years. Based
on a study of a work reintegration programme in the psychiatric field, which promotes a âfull
citizenshipâ approach, the content of the latter is problematised. Participants in the study
speak mainly of social exclusion and of the desire to belong to the community. Official and
research literature, on the other hand, refers more to relationships with institutions, respectively to civic and social participation. This discursive operation of translating experiences into a framework of analysis questions the place given to the experiential knowledge of the people involved, the recognition of which is an issue not only of health democracy, but also of relations between different forms of knowledge
LâergothĂ©rapie face Ă lâurgence Ă©cologique
Quel est le rĂŽle de lâergothĂ©rapie face Ă lâurgence Ă©cologique? Quels sont les outils dĂ©jĂ existants dans la profession pour rĂ©pondre adĂ©quatement aux immenses dĂ©fis de lâĂ©poque? Existe-t-il des pistes dâaction concrĂštes pour ajuster la pratique de lâergothĂ©rapie au monde de demain? Le prĂ©sent article tente de rĂ©pondre Ă ces questions par un survol de la littĂ©rature actuelle
Ergotherapie und ökologische Dringlichkeit
Welche Rolle spielt die Ergotherapie im Zusammenhang mit der ökologischen Krise? Ăber welche Instrumente verfĂŒgt unsere Profession, um es mit den gewaltigen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit aufzunehmen? Gibt es konkrete HandlungsansĂ€tze zur Anpassung der Ergotherapiepraxis an die Welt von morgen? Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht mit einem Ăberblick ĂŒber die aktuelle Literatur, Antworten auf diese Fragen zu geben
Le focus group ::application pour une étude des normativités liées au concept de citoyenneté, au sein d'un groupe de patients partenaires en santé mentale
Réfléchir les pratiques face à l'urgence écologique
LâergothĂ©rapie soutient la participation des personnes dans leurs occupations. Comment encourager ces activitĂ©s dans un environnement de bouleversements
Ă©cologiques ? La filiĂšre ergothĂ©rapie de la HETSL sâest emparĂ©e de cette question urgente
Ăvaluation dâune intervention de promotion de la citoyennetĂ©Â : le Projet citoyen de lâUniversitĂ© du rĂ©tablissement
Le Plan dâaction en santĂ© mentale 2015-2020, du ministĂšre de la SantĂ© et des services sociaux du QuĂ©bec, comprend des mesures « favorisant le plein exercice de la citoyenneté ». Il mise sur la mobilisation de tous les partenaires. Participation aux instances et citoyennetĂ© vont de pair, mais jusquâĂ rĂ©cemment il nâexistait pas de mesure de la citoyennetĂ© qui aurait permis dâobserver empiriquement dâĂ©ventuelles avancĂ©es en cette matiĂšre. Nous avons utilisĂ© les rĂ©sultats dâune nouvelle mesure de la citoyennetĂ© validĂ©e pour structurer des groupes de discussion avec 18 usagers de services de santĂ© mentale quĂ©bĂ©cois ; ils ont ainsi commentĂ© les rĂ©sultats Ă la mesure administrĂ©e auprĂšs de 800 autres rĂ©pondants. Pour mener lâĂ©valuation, deux types de donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© mis Ă contribution de maniĂšre croisĂ©e, soit dans le cadre dâune mĂ©thode mixte. En effet, des donnĂ©es quantitatives ont Ă©tĂ© gĂ©nĂ©rĂ©es Ă partir des rĂ©sultats Ă la mesure de la citoyennetĂ©, tandis que des entrevues de groupe ont permis de produire des donnĂ©es qualitatives ici prĂ©sentĂ©es sous forme dâextraits de ces entrevues. Avec 57,9 %, câest pour la dimension « implication dans la communauté » que le rĂ©sultat est le plus faible. Les participants aux entrevues de groupe ont commentĂ© ce rĂ©sultat en suggĂ©rant que lâimplication dans la communautĂ© se manifeste souvent dâabord par lâexercice dâun travail ; câest dâailleurs pour la question « Vous avez accĂšs Ă du travail » que le score est le plus faible dâentre tous les 23 items, Ă Ă©galitĂ© avec la possibilitĂ© dâinfluencer la communautĂ© (50,3 %). Dâautre part, le fait que ce soit pour lâitem « Vous ĂȘtes traitĂ©s avec dignitĂ© et respect » que le rĂ©sultat soit le plus Ă©levĂ© sâexplique peut-ĂȘtre par la possibilitĂ© que, en prenant davantage conscience de lâinfluence des dĂ©terminants sociaux (ce nâest donc pas volontairement que nous serions malades ou sans-emploi), les participants se regardent eux-mĂȘmes avec plus de dignitĂ© et de respect. Ils sentent que le systĂšme public les considĂšre davantage comme citoyens Ă part entiĂšre puisquâil sollicite leur participation. La mesure de la citoyennetĂ© sâest avĂ©rĂ©e pertinente pour soulever de tels enjeux.Objectives The Global Model of Public Mental Health is âglobalâ not only in the sense of having an international perspective, but in regarding service users as actors at all levels of public mental health exerting collective and organized influence on the social determinants of health, in addition to being recipients of care. Having access to appropriate health and mental health care when needed is a fundamental human right. Having a say over the manner in which care is provided, including partnership in decision making in care planning and ongoing care, has gained increasing support among recipients and providers of care. Over the past few decades in the Canadian province of Quebec, patient participation and partnership in decision-making has been promoted through successive Mental Health Action Plans (MHAP) and other policies. In these documents, participation and partnership are associated with the exercise of citizenship and the promotion of service usersâ rights, including the rights to participate in oneâs own care. In this article, using the case example of a citizenship-oriented intervention, namely the Projet citoyen, we discuss the results to a new measure of citizenship, which was developed from a service usersâ perspective.Methods Employing a mixed methods approach, two types of data were collected from users of mental health care. Quantitative data were generated from administration of a 23-item measure of citizenship with service users in the province of Quebec (N=802), and qualitative data were collected from four focus groups with another sample of 18 service users. They were presented with results from the administration of the measure, and asked to comment on them in regard to their own experience of citizenship.Results Among the five dimensions of the measure of citizenship, participants scored lowest on the âinvolvement in the communityâ dimension, and higher on the other dimensions of âbasic needs,â ârespect by others,â âself-determination,â and âaccess to services.â In focus groups, participants said that there is still prejudice in society and discrimination towards people with mental illnesses that limit their right to participate in public debate and mental health programming. Public health interventions at this level may help to change attitudes and social representations, as they are inclusive of persons with lived experience of mental illness. Public discussion of citizenship issues in relation to mental health also represent an opportunity for participants to confront existing problems, as a first step toward collective action.Conclusion Peopleâs lived experience of regaining a sense of citizenship and of belonging to their local neighborhoods and communities, including the scientific micro-community, can help to foster an evolution of public health from disease management to health promotion and community inclusion. More research is needed to compare the sense of citizenship to the rest of the population and to see if specific interventions can have an enduring impact (e.g.: pre/post design)
De lâUniversitĂ© du rĂ©tablissement
La neuro-imagerie permet dâobserver et de comparer des groupes dâindividus rĂ©agissant diffĂ©remment lorsquâexposĂ©s, en laboratoire, Ă des images provocatrices ou Ă des situations particuliĂšres. Pour certains, cette rĂ©action impliquera des zones cĂ©rĂ©brales davantage associĂ©es Ă lâĂ©motivitĂ©, ce qui peut expliquer des dĂ©ficits dits cognitifs ou dâattention faisant obstacle Ă leurs capacitĂ©s dâapprentissage, dâabstraction et dâadaptation. On peut ainsi comparer des schĂ©mas de rĂ©actions qui ont Ă©tĂ© assez souvent rĂ©pĂ©tĂ©s et observĂ©s pour que lâon puisse tirer certaines conclusions statistiques : en prĂ©sence dâun mĂȘme stimulus ou en situation de stress, le cerveau des personnes prĂ©sentant par exemple un trouble obsessif-compulsif rĂ©agit diffĂ©remment de celui de la population en gĂ©nĂ©ral. Pour certains dâentre nous il est rassurant de constater, images Ă lâappui, que câest telle partie du cerveau plutĂŽt quâune autre qui est surtout sollicitĂ©e dans une situation donnĂ©e. Cela « prouverait » que ce nâest pas intentionnellement que la rĂ©action est plus Ă©motive que rationnelle, le cas Ă©chĂ©ant. Par contre, pour dâautres, il est important dâĂȘtre informĂ©s au moins autant des possibilitĂ©s du rĂ©tablissement que dâidentifier les dysfonctions et les causes apparemment anatomiques dâun problĂšme de santĂ© mentale. Dans un cas comme dans lâautre, cet accĂšs Ă de lâinformation mĂ©dicale et la possibilitĂ© pour les Ă©tudiants en rĂ©tablissement de dialoguer avec un scientifique sont Ă la base de tout un programme dit dâĂ©ducation thĂ©rapeutique et cette « UniversitĂ© du rĂ©tablissement » est ici introduite pour la premiĂšre fois.Objectives Located at the heart of a mental health university institute in Montreal, Canada, the University of Recovery (UR) is a peer-run agency of service users who came together as a private non-profit organization to promote their experiential knowledge in science and public health, and to transform the academic milieu as an inclusive work environment conducive to recovery and full citizenship. UR students can thus have access to scientific conferences and classes on various topics and invite scientists or other professionals to further discuss new discoveries and techniques, and possible ways of improving healthcare from a patientsâ and service usersâ perspective. Our conversation with a scientist specialized in obsessive-compulsive disorders triggered this collective reflection on neuroimaging in terms of psychiatric diagnoses, prognoses, recovery opportunities and meta-cognition.Method At the core of the UR as a therapeutic education program is the Projet Citoyen, an adaptation and a transposition in Montreal of the Yale Citizens Project, which has been developed in New Haven, USA, over the past fifteen years. The Projet Citoyen is comprised of four main components: bi-weekly group discussions, individualized peer support, involvement and practicum in the community, and participation in public events and debates. UR students therefore evolve in the academic and scientific milieu, here regarded as a translational community and human laboratory towards social inclusion and full citizenship. UR students can be involved as auxiliaries of medical training to always promote and illustrate recovery opportunities when psychiatric âdysfunctionsâ or âdisordersâ are the topics of a medical class. In April 2016, UR students invited Dr Marc Lavoie to discuss is work on obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD). The content of this group discussion is herein reported.Results UR students learned, among other things, that neuroimaging can be used to identify patterns of brain reactions to various stimuli and situations, reactions that can be different from one psychiatric condition to another and to the rest of the ânormalâ population. For example, bright red, green, or blue shades of color can show an over-activation of the thalamus for persons with OCD. This difference can be indicative of a so-called cognitive impairment, with some people reacting more âemotionallyâ to an image than other persons for whom the reaction would imply parts of the brain which are normally rather associated to ârationalâ thinking (e.g.: the cerebral cortex). Such a difference, when it appears through a neuroimaging technique like EEG or MRI, does not lead to the enunciation of a particular diagnosis for an individual, but can give some complementary indications to be used in conjunction with other observations and can inform the choice for a therapeutic approach. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, for instance, has been statistically shown to be associated with anatomic changes in the human brain. Through some quite spectacular images of parts and subparts of the brain in action, UR students were able to admire all this beautiful neurodiversity. Then we discussed the concept of neuroplasticity: we now know that many aspects of the brain remain changeable or âplasticâ even into adulthood, which contrasts with the previous common consensus that the human brain develops during childhood, then remains at once unchangeable afterward and âstatic.âConclusion Diverse neurological conditions appear as a result of normal variations in the human genome and in affect, the concepts of neurodiversity and of neuroplasticity go much beyond the prevailing prior conceptual conditioning of neurological differences as being inherently pathological and an irreversible âerror of Mother Nature.â There may be behaviors that cannot be controlled through rational thought, but rather emerge based on prior conditioning from the environment and other external and/or internal stimuli, and a psychotherapy could then consist of recognizing this conditioning and learning how to think and react differently to a triggering stimulus. The University of Recovery is thus first and foremost a principle of mutuality among its members â the students in recovery â who are allied through self-help as a basis for metacognitive therapeutic education