714 research outputs found
More on Chiral-Nonchiral Dual Pairs
Expanding upon earlier work of Pouliot and Strassler, we construct chiral
magnetic duals to nonchiral supersymmetric electric theories based upon SO(7),
SO(8) and SO(9) gauge groups with various numbers of vector and spinor matter
superfields. Anomalies are matched and gauge invariant operators are mapped
within each dual pair. Renormalization group flows along flat directions are
also examined. We find that confining phase quantum constraints in the electric
theories are recovered from semiclassical equations of motion in their magnetic
counterparts when the dual gauge groups are completely Higgsed.Comment: 25 pages, harvmac and tables macros, 1 figur
Systematic Study of Theories with Quantum Modified Moduli
We begin the process of classifying all supersymmetric theories with quantum
modified moduli. We determine all theories based on a single SU or Sp gauge
group with quantum modified moduli. By flowing among theories we have
calculated the precise modifications to the algebraic constraints that
determine the moduli at the quantum level. We find a class of theories, those
with a classical constraint that is covariant but not invariant under global
symmetries, that have a singular modification to the moduli, which consists of
a new branch.Comment: 21 pages, ReVTeX (or Latex, etc), corrected typos and cQMM discusio
A Comment on Zero-brane Quantum Mechanics
We consider low energy, non-relativistic scattering of two Dirichlet
zero-branes as an exercise in quantum mechanics. For weak string coupling and
sufficiently small velocity, the dynamics is governed by an effective U(2)
gauge theory in 0+1 dimensions. At low energies, D-brane scattering can
reliably probe distances much shorter than the string scale. The only length
scale in the quantum mechanics problem is the eleven dimensional Planck length.
This provides evidence for the role of scales shorter than the string length in
the weakly coupled dynamics of type IIA strings.Comment: 9 pages, harvmac, improved treatment of 2+1 proble
Traitement tertiaire d'eaux usées municipales par culture de Scenedesmus sp. en installation pilote
Deux installations pilote destinées au traitement d'effluents secondaires par culture de micro-algues (Scenedesmus sp.) ont été opérées à Valcartier (effluents domestiques) et Vaudreuil (effluents semi-industriels). Des bassins de 15 000 L ont servi aux cultures en vrac sous conditions naturelles, avec apport de CO2 atmosphérique par huilage. Les paramètres physiques, chimiques et biologiques ont été mesurés.Les résultats montrent que, malgré les limitations en CO2 et en azote, un enlèvement moyen d'environ 95 % pour l'azote (N-NH4+, N-NO2-, N-NO3-) et de 60 % pour le phosphore (P-PO4-3) a été possible à Valcartier durant l'été; les données correspondantes sont de 92 % et de 98 % à Vaudreuil où la production de biomasse (1,02 mg/L-h) a été plus forte qu'à Valcartier (0,39 mg/L-h). Les facteurs pouvant expliquer les différences observées aux deux sites sont présentées. Les résultats montrent la faisabilité technique, durant l'été, de ce type de traitement tertiaire.Two experimental pilot-scale culture systems have been operated at Valcartier (domestic effluent) and Vaudreuil (semi-industrial urban effluent) in order to test the feasibility of a tertiary treatment using microalgae (Scenedesmus sp.). Tanks with a capacity of 15 000 L were used for batch cultures conducted outdoors; CO2 being provided through atmospheric air bubbling. Physical (temperature, relative insolation, solar radiation), chemical (pH, NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, PO4-3, heavy metal, pesticides) and biological parameters (biomass dry weight, cell counts) were mesured.Results show that cultures were limited for CO2 (high final pH) and for nitrogen flow N/P ratio with value of 3-7). During the summer period, nutrient removal from the Valcartier effluent was ~ 95 % for N and ~ 60 % for P; corresponding figures at Vaudreuil were 92 % and 98 %.Biomass productivity was lower (0,39 mg/L-h) at Valcartier compared to that obtained at Vaudreuil (1,02 mg/L-h). Among the differences that could explain the results at both sites, one may suggest a better CO2 input, a more favorable N/P ratio, slightly higher average temperature and light conditions, less ammonia stripping and larger inocula in Vaudreuil. The quality of biomass obtained was satisfactory : heavy metals were present at acceptable levels and no contamination by organochlorinated compounds occurred. According to our results, it appears that biological tertiary treatment of urban effluent and algal biomass production are technically possible under Québec summer conditions
On the Z_2 Monopole of Spin(10) Gauge Theories
An "expanded" description is introduced to examine the spinor-monopole
identification proposed by Strassler for four-dimensional = 1
supersymmetric Spin(10) gauge theories with matter in F vector and N spinor
representations. It is shown that a Z_2 monopole in the "expanded" theory is
associated with massive spinors of the Spin(10) theory. For N=2, two spinor
case, we confirm this identification by matching the transformation properties
of the two theories under SU(2) flavor symmetry. However, for N 3, the
transformation properties are not matched between the spinors and the monopole.
This disagreement might be due to the fact that the SU(N) flavor symmetry of
the Spin(10) theory is partially realized as an SU(2) symmetry in the
"expanded" theory.Comment: 16 pages, LaTex, no figur
Duality between simple-group gauge theories and some applications
In this paper we investigate N=1 supersymmetric gauge theories with a product
gauge group. By using smoothly confining dynamics, we can find new dualities
which include higher-rank tensor fields, and in which the dual gauge group is
simple, not a product. Some of them are dualities between chiral and non-chiral
gauge theories. We also discuss some applications to dynamical supersymmetry
breaking phenomena and new confining theories with a tree-level superpotential.Comment: 33 pages, LaTeX, references added, version to appear in PR
Dual Descriptions of SO(10) SUSY Gauge Theories with Arbitrary Numbers of Spinors and Vectors
We examine the low energy structure of N=1 supersymmetric SO(10) gauge theory
with matter chiral superfields in N_Q spinor and N_f vector representations. We
construct a dual to this model based upon an SU(N_f+2N_Q-7) x Sp(2N_Q-2) gauge
group without utilizing deconfinement methods. This product theory generalizes
all previously known Pouliot-type duals to SO(N_c) models with spinor and
vector matter. It also yields large numbers of new dual pairs along various
flat directions. The dual description of the SO(10) theory satisfies multiple
consistency checks including an intricate renormalization group flow analysis
which links it with Seiberg's duality transformations. We discuss its
implications for building grand unified theories that contain all Standard
Model fields as composite degrees of freedom.Comment: 36 pages, harvmac and tables macros, 1 figur
EpCAM immunotherapy versus specific targeted delivery of drugs
The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), or CD326, was one of the first cancer associated biomarkers to be discovered. In the last forty years, this biomarker has been investigated for use in personalized cancer therapy, with the first monoclonal antibody, edrecolomab, being trialled in humans more than thirty years ago. Since then, several other monoclonal antibodies have been raised to EpCAM and tested in clinical trials. However, while monoclonal antibody therapy has been investigated against EpCAM for almost 40 years as primary or adjuvant therapy, it has not shown as much promise as initially heralded. In this review, we look at the reasons why and consider alternative targeting options, such as aptamers, to turn this almost ubiquitously expressed epithelial cancer biomarker into a viable target for future personalized therapy
Moduli in Exceptional SUSY Gauge Theories
The low energy structures of N=1 supersymmetric models with E_6, F_4 and E_7
gauge groups and fundamental irrep matter contents are studied herein. We
identify sets of gauge invariant composites which label all flat directions in
the confining/Higgs phases of these theories. The impossibility of mapping
several of these primary operators rules out previously conjectured exceptional
self duals reported in the literature.Comment: 20 pages, harvmac and tables macro
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