Le monde de la télévision satellitaire au Moyen-Orient et le rôle des Libanais dans son développement

Le Pottier Gaëlle. Le monde de la télévision satellitaire au Moyen-Orient et le rôle des Libanais dans son développement. In: Mondialisation et nouveaux médias dans l’espace arabe. Lyon : Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée Jean Pouilloux, 2003. pp. 43-72. (Monde arabe et musulman. Orient-Méditerranée, 1

Interactions entre usagers, institutionnels et scientifiques. Le cas de la problématique environnementale "Liga"

International audienc

The difficult construction of a trust relationship between professional, scientific fishermen and managers in relation to an unknown phenomenon. The example of liga on the Basque coast.

At the end of the years 2000, the professional fishermen of the Basque coast have to launch alarm. The presence of liga increases (frequency and duration of the episodes). The liga is a gelatinous and sticky substance which sticks to the nets, prevented the capture of fish and obliges to clean hardly fishing tackle. Research program LIGA (2013-2016) will finish in a few months. It will specify the physicochemical nature of this substance. But the problems do not stop with the questions biophysics purely. Which is the origin of this substance? Which problems its presence poses? How are its impacts, its possible dangerousness perceived? How the people concerned evaluate do to them proper capacity to suffer this damage, to act and to adapt? Who is responsible for his development? Who is responsible for his management? All these questions explain why a socio-economic shutter was carried out. We conducted a survey based on semi-directing interviews (winter 2015-2016) in order to better know the social representations of the various actors concerned with this phenomenon. This knowledge is impossible to circumvent because the representations are the base of the “public opinions”. In this communication, we will have the great results of this study. We will particularly endeavour to describe the relation fishermen/scientific world/field of the action and the public administration. Although the analyses are still in hand, we observe that the topics of the knowledge, the scientific knowledge and its diffusion are central in the construction of a trust relationship between the actors of the territory. However, for the time being, the questioned professional fishermen evoke in a generalized and marked way a lack of transparency, slowness, the existence of hidden challenges, pressures. One observes at the same time an internal problem of coherence of their speech and several levels of contradiction. It will be seen that it is not enough to advance relevant elements from a scientific point of view, by definition “neutrals”, even if one can that it is never completely true, to be heard. Various brakes are initially with raising. Beyond the case of the phenomenon liga, recent and specific to the Basque coast, the set of themes of the knowledge sharing, its co-construction is relevant whatever the subjects of studies since the challenges observed on the littorals mix the economic questions and environmental

The difficult construction of a trust relationship between professional, scientific fishermen and managers in relation to an unknown phenomenon. The example of liga on the Basque coast.

At the end of the years 2000, the professional fishermen of the Basque coast have to launch alarm. The presence of liga increases (frequency and duration of the episodes). The liga is a gelatinous and sticky substance which sticks to the nets, prevented the capture of fish and obliges to clean hardly fishing tackle. Research program LIGA (2013-2016) will finish in a few months. It will specify the physicochemical nature of this substance. But the problems do not stop with the questions biophysics purely. Which is the origin of this substance? Which problems its presence poses? How are its impacts, its possible dangerousness perceived? How the people concerned evaluate do to them proper capacity to suffer this damage, to act and to adapt? Who is responsible for his development? Who is responsible for his management? All these questions explain why a socio-economic shutter was carried out. We conducted a survey based on semi-directing interviews (winter 2015-2016) in order to better know the social representations of the various actors concerned with this phenomenon. This knowledge is impossible to circumvent because the representations are the base of the “public opinions”. In this communication, we will have the great results of this study. We will particularly endeavour to describe the relation fishermen/scientific world/field of the action and the public administration. Although the analyses are still in hand, we observe that the topics of the knowledge, the scientific knowledge and its diffusion are central in the construction of a trust relationship between the actors of the territory. However, for the time being, the questioned professional fishermen evoke in a generalized and marked way a lack of transparency, slowness, the existence of hidden challenges, pressures. One observes at the same time an internal problem of coherence of their speech and several levels of contradiction. It will be seen that it is not enough to advance relevant elements from a scientific point of view, by definition “neutrals”, even if one can that it is never completely true, to be heard. Various brakes are initially with raising. Beyond the case of the phenomenon liga, recent and specific to the Basque coast, the set of themes of the knowledge sharing, its co-construction is relevant whatever the subjects of studies since the challenges observed on the littorals mix the economic questions and environmental

Thermosensitive behavior of amphiphilic triblock copolymers based on poly(acrylic acid) and poly(propylene oxide)

International audienc

Risk stratification of latent tuberculosis defined by combined interferon gamma release assays.

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe

Searching for interactions at the membrane interface that confer antagonistic activities on floral regulators FT and TFL1

In plants, the switch from leaf- to flower-producing meristems is controlled by the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) proteins. FT is a major component of the so-called "florigen", a systemic signal that moves from leaves to shoot meristems and triggers the floral transition. By contrast, TFL1 is expressed in the shoot meristems and represses flowering, antagonising FT. Despite their opposite functions, FT and TFL1 are both members of the same family, showing homology to PHOSPHATIDYLETHANOLAMINE BINDING PROTEINs (PEBPs). They are unable to bind phosphatidylethanolamines though, but bind phosphatidylcholines that are major phospholipids of plant membranes and whose concentration impacts flowering time (Nakamura et al., 2014). The mechanisms by which FT and TFL1 regulate floral transition have been focused on their ability to complex with the transcription factor FD, which itself regulates floral identity genes. However, the loss of FD function does not abolish flowering and hence other interactors remain to be identified. We are therefore investigating in further detail the ability of Arabidopsis FT and TFL1 proteins to interact with membrane lipids and proteins. Langmuir method and molecular dynamics are currently being undertaken to characterize FT and TFL1 interactions with different phospholipids and to simulate their behaviors in contact with membranes, respectively. In parallel, FT and TFL1 protein interactomes are being investigated. We are performing in vitro pulldown assays using His-FT and His-TFL1 as baits and solubilized membranes proteins from cauliflower meristem as preys, taking advantage of the conservation of flowering genes among Brassicaceae. In parallel, complementation of Arabidopsis ft and tfl1 mutants with FT-GS and TFL1-GS constructs allowed us to perform in vivo co-purification analyses. This work will provide us with a better understanding of FT and TFL1 actions and highlight missing checkpoints of the floral transition

Different T cell memory in preadolescents after whole-cell or acellular pertussis vaccination.

To better understand vaccine-induced protection and its potential failure in light of recent whooping cough resurgence, we evaluated quantity as well as quality of memory T cell responses in B. pertussis-vaccinated preadolescent children. Using a technique based on flow cytometry to detect proliferation, cytokine production and phenotype of antigen-specific cells, we evaluated residual T cell memory in a cohort of preadolescents who received a whole-cell pertussis (wP; n=11) or an acellular pertussis vaccine (aP; n=13) during infancy, and with a median of 4 years elapsed from the last pertussis booster vaccine, which was aP for all children. We demonstrated that B. pertussis-specific memory T cells are detectable in the majority of preadolescent children several years after vaccination. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation in response to pertussis toxin and/or filamentous hemagglutinin was detected in 79% and 60% of the children respectively, and interferon-γ or tumor necrosis factor-α producing CD4(+) T cells were detected in 65% and 53% of the children respectively. Phenotyping of the responding cells showed that the majority of antigen-specific cells, whether defined by proliferation or cytokine production, were CD45RA(-)CCR7(-) effector memory T cells. Although the time since the last booster vaccine was significantly longer for wP-compared to aP-vaccinated children, their proliferation capacity in response to antigenic stimulation was comparable, and more children had a detectable cytokine response after wP- compared to aP-vaccination. This study supports at the immunological level recent epidemiological studies indicating that infant vaccination with wP induces longer lasting immunity than vaccination with aP-vaccines.Journal ArticleSCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Dissection of the Bordetella pertussis memory T cell responses in 9 to 12 years-old children vaccinated with whole cell or acellular vacines.

info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublishe