Phytase production by Aspergillus niger var. phoenicis URM 4924 using cane molasses and rice brain

XI Reunião Regional Nordeste da SBBq | 4th International Symposium in Biochemistry of Macromolecules and BiotechnologyPhytase is a generic term used to describe an enzyme that hydrolyzes phosphomonoester bonds from phytic acid, thereby liberating inorganic phosphorous, consequently increasing the availability of phosphorous for the absorption. It is presumed to be plant storage form of phosphate which also happens to have considerable antinutritive effects for most animals. Phytate, a salt of phytic acid, is the major storage form of phosphorus in typical animal feedstuffs. The aim of this study was evaluate parameters of the medium, such as the concentrations of cane molasses and rice brain in the production of phytase by Aspergillus niger var. phoenicis URM 4924, using a factorial design. The experiments was carried out according to a 22 factorial design with four center points, which were studied at three levels, cane molasses concentration (1.0%, 1.5% and 2.0%) and the rice bran concentration (0.25%, 0.5% and 0.75%). Fermentations were carried out using 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, 30° C, 90 rpm, pH 4.0, with addiction of saline solution (gL-1: KCl 0.5; MgSO4.7H2O 1.5; CaCl2.2H2O 2,0) for 72 hours of production. Phytase activity was determined by quantification of the phosphate released from phytate during the enzymatic reaction using the method of ammonium molybdate. The best conditions for phytase production (12.69 U/mL) occurred using 0.75% of rice brain with 2.0% of cane molasses. These results demonstrate the potential of cane molasses and rice brain in submerged fermentation for the phytase production by A.CAPES and CNPqinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Avaliação técnico-econômica do controle de gramíneas em milho em área de várzea.

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Next to leading order spin-orbit effects in the motion of inspiralling compact binaries

Using effective field theory (EFT) techniques we calculate the next-to-leading order (NLO) spin-orbit contributions to the gravitational potential of inspiralling compact binaries. We use the covariant spin supplementarity condition (SSC), and explicitly prove the equivalence with previous results by Faye et al. in arXiv:gr-qc/0605139. We also show that the direct application of the Newton-Wigner SSC at the level of the action leads to the correct dynamics using a canonical (Dirac) algebra. This paper then completes the calculation of the necessary spin dynamics within the EFT formalism that will be used in a separate paper to compute the spin contributions to the energy flux and phase evolution to NLO.Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures, revtex4. v2: minor changes, refs. added. To appear in Class. Quant. Gra

Viewshed Analysis-Based Method Integrated to Landscape Character Assessment: Application to Landscape Sustainability of Greenhouses Systems

The visual impact of crop shelters in the rural landscape is of paramount importance for the sustainability of landscape planning. It is of utmost importance to protect a beautiful landscape characterized by archaeological sites and natural ecosystems but it is also fundamental to preserve a key economy based on agriculture. To preserve the landscape there is the need to understand its landscape units and to assess the feasibility of the application of landscape character assessment (LCA) at a local scale and adaptation to higher scales in the land-use planning process. In this study, a methodology based on viewshed analysis was integrated into LCA in order to define landscape character areas and types. An application of the method was done on greenhouse systems. Landscape evaluation was carried out by using both ECOVAST guidelines for landscape identification and indicators, which were defined and computed in order to describe the visual impact of greenhouses. The method was applied to a study area located in South Italy, in the Province of Ragusa, in the eastern part of Sicily, where the greenhouse system highly characterizes agricultural activities and made it possible to define landscape guidelines. Finally, a visibility map was drawn up to highlight the areas subject to the greatest visibility. In addition to objectifying the visual impact of greenhouses, the research verified that the proposed LCA-based methodology combined with viewshed analysis can be feasible for supporting the analysis phases of landscape and urban planning under the new territorial governance laws issued for the Region of Sicily in recent years. These analyses were useful to provide information that objectively takes into account the importance of the visual component in the context of landscape planning. Due to the limited surface of the sample area considered in this study, this research work should be considered a pilot or preliminary study. The extension of this methodology to the adjacent municipalities could represent the practical application performed by local authorities to define common regulations suitable to preserve landscape components

Rentabilidade fisica e econômica de inseticidas para pulgões safra de trigo de 1977.

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Desempenho de cultivares de milho em áreas de rotação com arroz irrigado no ano agrícola 2004/05.

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Análise físico-químicas da bananeira prata anã, sobre diferentes lâminas e densidade de plantas.

A bananeira é uma fruteira tropical que está entre as mais consumidas no mundo. A escolha da variedade pelo produtor é conseqüência de alguns atributos dos frutos destas variedades como: sabor, vida útil e aparência. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o efeito de quatro lâminas de irrigação (L1, L2, L3 e L4) e duas densidades de plantas sobre as características físico-químicas de frutos de bananeiras. O trabalho foi conduzido entre julho de 2009 a outubro de 2010, na área experimental da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, localizada no município de Cruz das Almas ? BA, utilizando a cultivar Prata Anã. Dentre as analises físicas foram avaliados características como: peso do dedo e penca, número de dedos, comprimento e diâmetro de dedo, além de umidade e Massa seca. Os parâmetros químicos avaliados foram: Sólidos Solúveis Totais (SST), Acidez Total Titulável (ATT), ratio e pH. Os dados das variáveis avaliadas foram submetidas à análise de variância. Os resultados levaram à conclusão de que não houve efeito das lâminas ou da densidade de plantas nas variáveis físico-quimicas avaliadas. Porém L3 e L4 resultaram em maiores médias absolutas das variáveis avaliadas, exceto para ratio e pH (L1), massa seca (L2)