9 research outputs found
PRODUCTIVITY PER LEAF AREA IN SOME INTRODUCED STRAWBERRY VARIETIES IN THE SKOPJE REGION
The study presents the results of the investigation on productivity per leaf area of fifteen strawberry varieties: Idea, Camarosa, Belrubi, Evita, Honeoye, Tethis, Chandler, Onda, Miranda, Paros, Elsanta, Eris, Madeleine, Favette and Marmolada, as well as two standard varieties: Pocahontas and Senga Sengana. The experimental orchard was performed on open field in the Institute of Agriculture – Skopje, on black polyethylene foil in form of double file set on banks and at the distance of 40x30cm between the plants, irrigated by control drip irrigation system. The study has been conducted on fruit number, fruitage and yield of soluble solid matter per unit of leaf area. Also, the effective leaf area for production of 100 number of fruits, for 1 kg of fruitage and for 100 g yield of soluble solid metter in fruis of each variety were examined. The investigated parameters related to productivity per unit of leaf area are ranged from 54,0 at Miranda to 125,1 at Pocahontas for number of fruits, from 0,49 kg/m2 in Favette and Elsanta, to 0,96 kg/m2 in Honeoye for fruitage and from 41,2 g/m2 inElsanta, to 92,9 g/m2 in Pocahontas for the yield of soluble solid metter in fruits. Leaf area of 1,37 m2 is effective for 100 number of fruits production, as well as 1,47 m2 for 1kg of fruitage and 1,75 m2 for production of 100 g soluble dry matter fruits-yield. The productivity per leaf area of the investigated varieties is less dependent on the influence of leaf area per plant and fruit mass , but it is more dependent of the influence of number of fruits per plant, fuitage per plant and yeld of soluble solid matter per plant. The values of correlation coefficient between productive parameters per plant and effective leaf area parameters are with similar strength, but they are with an opposite dependencyin relation to the corresponding correlations with productive parameters per leaf area
PRIMARY EFFECTS OF GAMMA RADIATION (Cz137) ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF LEAVES AT SOME SWEET CHERRY VARIETIES
The study has been conducted based on the presence of atypical leaf morphology, in relation to leaf shape, size, color, leaf nervation, leaf stem length and leaf stem thickness, as a primary effect product in the first MV1 generation after the gamma radiation with Cz137 on Bigareau Burlat, Pobeda Krimska and Kozerska cherry varieties. The selected leaf radiomorphosys were used as conservative and accurate signs for early detection of somatic mutations caused by radiation. Graft branches were exposed with dosages of 25Gy, 35Gy and 45Gy at the Institute of Radiobiology and Radiopreservation in Sofia. The grafting was performed with dormant buds onto Prunus mahaleb rootstock. The dosage augmentation caused average reduction of leaf dimensions and leaf stem lengths in all of the tested varieties. Also, with the augmentation of the radiation dosage, thepercentage of chlorophyll deficiency leaves increased from 1,1% at 25Gy to 7,4% at 45Gy. An average of 47,5% of the analyzed leaves have an atypical shape, without significant differences between the varieties, and 14,5% of the leaves have an atypical leaf nervation. The highest percentage of leaves with atypical shape and leaf nervation are represented in plants treated with a dose of 45Gy
Phenological and Production Characteristics of Some Strawberry Varieties in the Region of Skopje
Phenological and production characteristics have been observed on 17 strawberry varieties. The earliest flowering was observed in Honeoye and Eris (5 April). The latest flowering variety is Onda (13 April). Eris, Honeoye, Madlen and Onda are varieties with the earliest time of ripening period (12–14 May). The latest ripening period was registered in Evita, Tethis, Favette, Senga Sengana, Idea and Camarosa (17–18 May). Belrubi has the largest fruits (36.2 mm high, 32.6 mm wide and 39.1 mm thick). Senga Sengana has the smallest dimensions (27.8x25.7x22.8mm). The fruit mass ranged from 5.7g (Senga Sengana) to 11.1g (Madlen). The highest yield per plant was observed in Pocahontas (575.1g) and Evita (550.7g), while the lowest in Favette (297.9g). The yield per acreage ranges from 8,276 kg/ha (Chandler) to 17,770 kg/ha (Pocahontas)
Phenological and production characteristics of some strawberry varieties in the region of Skopje
Phenological and production characteristics have been observed on 17 strawberry varieties. The earliest flowering was observed in Honeoye and Eris (5 April). The latest flowering variety is Onda (13 April). Eris, Honeoye, Madlen and Onda are varieties with the earliest time of ripening period (12-14 May). The latest ripening period was registered in Evita, Tethis, Favette, Senga Sengana, Idea and Camarosa (17-18 May). Belrubi has the largest fruits (36.2 mm high, 32.6 mm wide and 39.1 mm thick). Senga Sengana has the smallest dimensions (27.8x25.7x22.8mm). The fruit mass ranged from 5.7g (Senga Sengana) to 11.1g (Madlen). The highest yield per plant was observed in Pocahontas (575.1g) and Evita (550.7g), while the lowest in Favette (297.9g). The yield per acreage ranges from 8,276 kg/ha (Chandler) to 17,770 kg/ha (Pocahontas)
Influence of the time of first fruit color change and the duration of fruit ripening of cherry varieties on the infestation by R. cerasi
The aim of this research is to analyse the influence of the time of first fruit colour change and duration of fruit ripening of 19 cherry varieties on the infestation percentage by the European cherry fruit fly (Rhagoletis cerasi L.) for 2008/2009. The infestation percentage grew proportionally depending on the time of first fruit colour change from 3% for the group of varieties which started earlier with the fruit colour change to 46.2% for the group of varieties which started later with the fruit colour change for 2008, and from 0% to 65.7% for 2009, respectively. The infestation percentage grew proportionally with the duration of fruit ripening of the cherry varieties, from 10.3% for the group of varieties with a short ripening period to 55.2% for the group of varieties with a long ripening period
Investigation of aril characteristics of some autochthonous pomegranate (Punica granatum L) varieties in Macedonia
The individual aril characteristics of eight autochthonous pomegranate varieties (Lifanka, Bejnarija, Karamustafa, Ropkavac, Valandovska, LC, Zumnarija and Hicaz) from R. Macedonia were investigated using computer vision software methods. The great differences in the dimension of aril at the varieties were determined. The variety Lifanka is characterized with the greatest length (12.6 mm), width (9.5 mm) and mass (0.5 g) of the aril. Cross section aril area (61.1 mm 2) and perimeter (31.6 mm) indicate that the variety 'Hicaz' is characterized with the smallest aril. Investigation of the aril shape showed different level of asymmetry depending on the variety. Generally, the variety Hicaz is characterized with the most asymmetrical aril. Based on CIELab system of coloration, great differences in the aril colour were noted among the investigated pomegranate varieties. The variety Hicaz had the darkest coloration (L* 19.3; a* 13.1; b* 5.3). High correlation dependence between coloration and shape and mass was determined
Investigation of Aril Characteristics of Some Autochthonous Pomegranate (Punica granatum L) Varieties in Macedonia
The individual aril characteristics of eight autochthonous pomegranate varieties (Lifanka, Bejnarija, Karamustafa, Ropkavac, Valandovska, LC, Zumnarija and Hicaz) from R. Macedonia were investigated using computer vision software methods. The great differences in the dimension of aril at the varieties were determined. The variety Lifanka is characterized with the greatest length (12.6 mm), width (9.5 mm) and mass (0.5 g) of the aril. Cross section aril area (61.1 mm2) and perimeter (31.6 mm) indicate that the variety ‘Hicaz’ is characterized with the smallest aril. Investigation of the aril shape showed different level of asymmetry depending on the variety. Generally, the variety Hicaz is characterized with the most asymmetrical aril. Based on CIELab system of coloration, great differences in the aril colour were noted among the investigated pomegranate varieties. The variety Hicaz had the darkest coloration (L* 19.3; a* 13.1; b* 5.3). High correlation dependence between coloration and shape and mass was determined
INVESTIGATION OF ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF POMEGRANATE (PUNICA GRANATUM L.) VARIETIES
Investigation of organoleptic characteristics and determination of some biochemical compounds content in the fruit of eight traditional pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties and types: Lifanka, Bejnarija, Karamustafa, Ropkavac, Valandovska kisela, Lifanka clone, Zumnarija and Hicaz, from Valandovo area (North Macedonia), was performed. Fruit from Valandovska kisela and Hicaz varieties are characterized with the lowest value of pH and also with highest content of citric acid. The content of fructose sugar prevails over the content of glucose in 1,1 ratio. Anthocyans are the most common in fruits from Hicaz variety. The Valandovska kisela variety has the highest content of phenols. The fruits from Ropkavac and Zumnarija varieties have the highest content of flavan-3-ols which give them a characteristic flavor. According to organoleptic evaluation of external fruit appearance, the best ranked is the Karamustafa variety. According to the internal characteristics, i.e. the fruit aril, again stood out as the best the Karamustafa variety, by all parameters. The respondents are pointed out also Ropkavac and Bejnarija varieties in evaluation of aril flavor and aroma, such as very good varieties, especially by the aril juiciness. According to all organoleptic (external and internal) characteristics, the highest ranked is Karamustafa variety which is recommended as a perspective variety of pomegranate for spreading in R North Macedonia
Postharvest Chemical, Sensorial and Physical-Mechanical Properties of Wild Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)
<span>Some chemical, sensorial and physical-mechanical properties of 19 apricot genotypes and Hungarian Best (control) such as moisture content, soluble solids content, titratable acidity ratio and their ratio, fruit and stone mass, flesh/stone ratio, fruit dimensions (length, width, thickness), arithmetic and geometric mean diameter, sphericity, surface area and aspect ratio were determined. Their application is also discussed. The highest moisture content and stone mass observed in X-1/1/04 and X-1/2/04, soluble solids content in ZO-1/03, titratable acidity in ZL-2/03, SS/TA ratio in ZL-1/03, and fruit mass and flesh/stone ratio in DL-1/1/04 genotype. The most number of genotypes have orange and deep orange skin and flesh colour, respectively, whereas sweet kernel taste was predominant in most genotypes. Regarding physical-mechanical properties, the superior fruit dimensions (length, width, thickness), arithmetic and geometric mean diameter and surface area observed in DL-1/1/04 genotype, whereas the highest sphericity and surface area observed in X-1/1/04 and X-1/2/04 genotypes. Also, the series of genotypes evaluated have better chemical, sensorial and physical-mechanical properties than Hungarian Best (control). Finally, information about these properties is very important for understanding the behaviour of the product during the postharvest operations.</span