284 research outputs found
THE INFLUENCE OF THE BERRY SIZE ON THE SKIN ANTHOCYANINS CONTENT OF SOME BLACK WINE VARIETIES
The influence of the berry size on the skin anthocyanins content of the black wine grape varieties Cabernet sauvignon (clone 169), Merlot (clone 348) and Pinot noir (clone 115) was studied. Research was conducted in vineyard of Experimental estate “Radmilovac” and in the laboratory of Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade. The aim of the research was the determination of an anthocyanin of malvidin-3-glucoside on the berry skin. For all three varieties, berries were separated into three categories: small, medium and large. Based on the results, the goal was to compare the berry skin anthocyanin content of different sizes of berries. Determination of fertility coefficients, yield indicators, analysis of the composition and structure of clusters and berries and the content of sugars and total acids were performed regularly. The obtained results on the content anthocyanin of malvidin-3-glucoside were expressed in mg/g skin fresh weight. Varieties Cabernet sauvignon and Pinot noir had an expected result, meaning that the highest anthocyanin content was recorded in the smallest berries (diameter < 7.5 mm). For the Merlot variety, the highest anthocyanin content was observed in the medium berries (diameter 7.6 – 10 mm). The lowest anthocyanin content in varieties Cabernet sauvignon and Merlot was obtained in the largest berries (diameter > 10.1 mm), which was the expected result, while in the Pinot noir variety the lowest anthocyanin content was registered in the medium category (diameter 7.6 – 10 mm). Variety Cabernet sauvignon (clone 169) showed the highest anthocyanins content (average 6.871 mg/g fresh skin weigh), followed by Merlot variety, clone 348 (average 4.61 mg/g fresh skin weigh), whereas the lowest anthocyanin content was observed in Pinot noir, clone 115 (average 4.05 mg/g fresh skin weigh)
Heterogeneous Exchange of Mixed Precipitates. [Agl + PbI2] solid in KI Solution
The heterogeneous exchange process of mixed AgI + PbI2
precipitates with iodide from the KI solution was studied using 1311.
The systems under examination were prepared in statu nascendi at
293 K. Radiometrically determined solubility, differential thermal
analysis and X-o:-ay diffraction analysis data were compared with
radi:oanalytical results of the heterogeneous exchange processes. The
results show ,strong mutual dependence of the metal halides present
throughout the exchange process. The quantitative analysis of
radiometric data indicates the specific influence of lead iodide onto
silver iodide particles during the Ostwald\u27s ripening process
Streamlining collection of training samples for object detection and classification in video
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Spin excitations in a 4f-3d heterodimer on MgO
We report on the magnetic properties of HoCo dimers as a model system for the
smallest intermetallic transition metal-lanthanide compound. The dimers are
adsorbed on ultrathin MgO(100) films grown on Ag(100). New for elements,
we detect inelastic excitations with scanning tunneling microscopy and prove by
their behaviour in applied magnetic field that they are spin-excitations. In
combination with density functional theory and spin Hamiltonian analysis we
determine the magnetic level distribution, as well as sign and magnitude of the
exchange interaction between the two atoms. In contrast to typical bulk
compounds, we find ferromagnetic coupling in the dimer
Electronic structure of the substitutional vacancy in graphene: Density-functional and Green's function studies
We study the electronic structure of graphene with a single substitutional
vacancy using a combination of the density-functional, tight-binding, and
impurity Green's function approaches. Density functional studies are performed
with the all-electron spin-polarized linear augmented plane wave (LAPW) method.
The three dangling bonds adjacent to the vacancy introduce
localized states (V) in the mid-gap region, which split due to the
crystal field and a Jahn-Teller distortion, while the states
introduce a sharp resonance state (V) in the band structure. For a planar
structure, symmetry strictly forbids hybridization between the and the
states, so that these bands are clearly identifiable in the calculated
band structure. As for the magnetic moment of the vacancy, the Hund's-rule
coupling aligns the spins of the four localized V, V, and the V electrons resulting
in a S=1 state, with a magnetic moment of , which is reduced by about
due to the anti-ferromagnetic spin-polarization of the band
itinerant states in the vicinity of the vacancy. This results in the net
magnetic moment of . Using the Lippmann-Schwinger equation, we
reproduce the well-known decay of the localized V wave function
with distance and in addition find an interference term coming from the two
Dirac points, previously unnoticed in the literature. The long-range nature of
the V wave function is a unique feature of the graphene vacancy and we
suggest that this may be one of the reasons for the widely varying relaxed
structures and magnetic moments reported from the supercell band calculations
in the literature.Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in New Journal of
Physic
Improvement of water vapor barrier properties of chitosan-collagen laminated casings using beeswax
Collagen casings are commercially used in sausage production. In this paper, collagen film that is used for sausage casings was laminated with chitosan film to produce barrier casing film. Chitosan coating was prepared by dissolving chitosan powder in 1% acetic acid. After dissolving chitosan, caraway essential oil, wetting agent Tween 20 and different amounts of beeswax, from 0 to 25 g were added to the solution. The solution was coated on collagen film surface in three layers, using a sponge brush to make laminated films. Films were air dried at temperature t =23 °C ± 2 °C. Uncoated collagen film was used as reference. Film thickness, water vapor barrier properties and FTIR spectra were determined. With growing amount of beeswax added to the chitosan layer, film thickness grew from 112 µm for laminated film with 5 g of beeswax to 225 µm for film with 25 g of beeswax, compared to 83 µm for collagen film. Water vapor barrier properties improved with growing amount of beeswax in chitosan layer, ranging from 130.71 g/m2 24h for laminated film with added 5 g of beeswax to 66.96 g/m2 24h for the film with 25 g of beeswax, compared to 290.64 g/m2 24h for collagen film. Addition of beeswax showed great potential in lowering water vapor permeability of laminated collagen-chitosan film. FTIR spectra could be used to determine quantitative law dependency between added amount of beeswax and spectra absorption values,as well as to prove compactness of chitosan-beeswax layer
X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Differently Prepared AgI. III.
The .influence of the concentration ·of the constituent and
coagulatin,g ions, surface active agents, pH, and the rate of pre..,
cipitation on . .the cubic/hexagonal .ratio of Ag! p.nd on the size of
Ag! crystallites formed in statu nascendi sols has been studied. In
the concentration re\u27gions cKI = 1.0 X 10-5 M to 1.00 M and
cAgNOa = 1.0 X·l0-6 M to 2.00 M different amounts of cubic and
hexagonal Ag! were obtained. The pure hexagonal modification
was found only at 1.00 M KI. At pl 4 220/o of cubic Ag! was
obtained. F.rom aqueous solutions containing AgN03 (1 X 10-6 to
2.00 M) no pure cubic Ag! can be obtained. At pAg 1-2 the
maximum amount (800/o) of cubic Ag! was formed. The aging
process does not change the cubic/hexagonal ratio but influences
the growth of crystallites. The rate at which the precipitation
components are mixed influences the dispersity and the cubic/hexagonal
ratio, which on the other hand also depend on the concentration
of univalent and bivalent coagulating ions. The acidity
of the system (pH = 0.1 - 5.8) does not significantly influence the
dispersity and the cubic/hexagonal ratio of Ag!. Surface active
agents (SAA) in the concentration region from 1.0 X 10-1 M to
1.0 X 10-4 M do not influence the crystal structure; they influence,
however, the dispersity of the particles of sols hindering\u27 their
growth. By dilution of the complex solution of Ag! - KI with
water Ag! sols were formed. At lower initial concentration of KI
the percentage of hexagonal Ag! was higher. In sols formed by
dilution of the complex solution of Ag! - AgN03 with water,
more cubic Ag! was found at lower initial concentration of AgN08•
By cooling a hot complex solution of Ag! - KI (2.0 M KI) from
160° C to room temperature (0.2° C/min) 1000/o of cubic, transparent
Ag! crystals were formed
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