Effect of drought stress on antioxidant status of wheat seedlings

The aim of this experiment was to study antioxidant status of two wheat varieties under drought stress. Investigated parameters were: relative water content (RWC), lipid peroxidation, proline content, and activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and POD). The plants were grown for 3 weeks before drought was imposed by completed withheld of watering for 6 days. The results showed that ability of some wheat varieties to enhance enzymatic antioxidant activities might be an important attribute linked to drought tolerance. This could limit cellular damage caused by active oxygen species during water deficit

The interaction between salinity stress and seed ageing during germination of Brassica napus seeds

A study was designed to examine the effects of NaCl, high temperature, high relative humidity and storage on the germination of Brassica napus seeds, both when freshly harvested and after natural and accelerated ageing. After exposure to a combination of stressful conditions, the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the seeds, seedling shoot and roots, and seed germination were measured. A significant decline in germination at all concentrations of NaCl indicates that seeds which have been exposed to accelerated ageing are significantly less able to resist even the lowest levels of salt stress. Moreover, the intensity of lipid peroxidation in the seeds and seedlings examined after a year of storage in uncontrolled conditions was higher compared with tests carried out in the year of seed production

An Insight Into Selected Properties of Merlot Wines Obtained from Three New Clone Candidates

Covering the period 2009-2012, the quality of Merlot wines obtained from three new clone candidates (namely Nos. 022, 025 and 029, respectively; fourth phase of clonal selection) developed in the Republic of Serbia was examined. The following parameters were determined: Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) index, pH value, total acidity, volatile acids, aldehydes, esters, relative density and ash. In comparison with the standard Merlot wine (originating from mother vine), FC index (from 35.73 to 37.15) and tasting score (from 17.89 to 17.95) were higher for the wines of all three clone candidates tested. These findings are in good agreement with the observed trend for the viticultural parameters indicating better properties of the new Merlot clone candidates versus mother

An Insight Into Selected Properties of Merlot Wines Obtained from Three New Clone Candidates

Covering the period 2009-2012, the quality of Merlot wines obtained from three new clone candidates (namely Nos. 022, 025 and 029, respectively; fourth phase of clonal selection) developed in the Republic of Serbia was examined. The following parameters were determined: Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) index, pH value, total acidity, volatile acids, aldehydes, esters, relative density and ash. In comparison with the standard Merlot wine (originating from mother vine), FC index (from 35.73 to 37.15) and tasting score (from 17.89 to 17.95) were higher for the wines of all three clone candidates tested. These findings are in good agreement with the observed trend for the viticultural parameters indicating better properties of the new Merlot clone candidates versus mother

UTJECAJ ONEČIŠĆENOSTI TLA TEŠKIM METALIMA NA KLONOVE TOPOLA IZ SRBIJE

Oxidative stress is known as disturbed balance between antioxidative protection mechanism and production of reactive oxygen species, which can negatively influence on normal biological and metabolical processes in living organisms, such as poplar species. Phytoremediation is promising biotechnical method of cleaning of polluted soils by various pollutants: heavy metals, organic contaminants, pesticides, oil etc. Until today, poplars showed potential for regenerating polluted soils during phytoremediation process. This study represents results of oxidative stress profiles of three poplar clones (M1, B229 and PE 19/66) shoots from Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, while being treated by different concentration of three heavy metals in soil: Ni3+, Cu2+ and Cd2+. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress which have been analyzed were: content of soluble proteins, intensity of lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity by ferric reducing antioxidative power assay and activity of superoxid dismutase. Results showed that the most acceptable phytoremediation response to heavy metal pollution in soil showed clone M1. Great differences between B229 and PE 19/66 clones were in response on soil heavy metal contamination, directly suggesting of not being suitable for possible phytoremediation application.Oksidacijski stres je poznat kao narušena ravnoteža između antioksidacijskog mehanizma zaštite i proizvodnje reaktivnih kisikovih vrsta, što može negativno utjecati na normalne biološke i metaboličke procese u živim organizmima, kao na primjer kod topola. U cilju opstanka, aerobni organizmi su stekli mehanizme antioksidacijske zaštite, gdje su od enzimskih najistraženije aktivnosti antioksidativnih enzima kao što su katalaze, peroksidaze, glutation peroksidaze i superoksid dismutaza. Fitoremedijacija je obećavajuća biotehnička metoda čišćenja zagađenih tala raznim onečišćujućim tvarima poput: teških kovina, organskih kontaminanata, pesticida i dr. Do danas, topole su pokazale potencijal za regeneraciju onečišćenih tala tijekom fitoremedijacijskog procesa.Biokemijsko profiliranje statusa oksidacijskog stresa u drvenastim biljkama nije često istraživana u Srbiji i stoga je cilj ovoga pokusa bio ispitati utjecaj različitih koncentracija tri jona teških kovina, Ni3+, Cu2+ i Cd2+ na razinu oksidacijskog stresa tri klona, dvije različite vrste topole (Populus euramericana-M1; PE 19/66 i B-229 oba Populus deltoides vrsta). Biokemijski parametri za određivanje razine oksidacijskog stresa su: lipidna peroksi­dacija (LPx), test redukcijske snage željeza (FRAP), superoksid dismutaze (SOD) aktivnost i sadržina topivih bjelančevina. Ovi rezultati mogli bi dati smjernice u odabiru klonova iz kolekcije Instituta za nizijsko šumarstvo i životnu sredinu Univerziteta u Novom Sadu za buduće fitoremedijacijske uporabe ovih genotipova topola. Pješčano fluvisol tlo u pokusnim posudama je zagađeno različitim tretmanima teških kovina, koji su prikazani u tablici 1. Biljni ekstrakti izrađeni su od 2 g biljnog materijala (izbojci) i homogenizirani s kvarcnim pijeskom i suspenzirani u 10 cm3 0,1 mol/dm3 K2HPO4 pH 7,0. Homogenati su centrifugirani za 10 min na 4000 g (Quy Hai sur., 1975). Sva očitavanja apsorbancija za sadržaj topivih proteina, SOD i FRAP odrađeno pomoću Janway UV / VIS spektrofotometra 6505 i za čitanje količine nastalog MDA korišten je višefrekvencijski Spectrum Termo Corporation.Sve analize izvedene su u tri ponavljanja. Statistička usporedba između uzoraka izvedena je u programu Statistica 9, koristeći Duncan test, s statističkom značajnosti p <0,05. Dobiveni rezultati prikazani su grafički preko histograma (slike 1. do 4.) i iznad njih su slova koja označuju statistički značajne razlike između rezultata i kontrola (od a do e).Usporedni postotak je izračunat prema formuli: Δ (%) = (100 * uzorak / kontrola) –100, gdje vrijednosti mogu rezultirati pozitivno (+) ako je došlo do povećanja u odnosu na kontrolu i rezultiralo negativno (–), ako je došlo do smanjenja u odnosu na kontrolu.Trudić i sur. (2012) analizirali su kroz iste metode okdisacijskog stresa ekstrakte lišća i korijena spomenutih klonova topola. Uspoređujući ove rezultate, B229 klon je kroz lišće i korijenje pokazao više prihvatljiv antioksidacijski odgovor, dok je, u ovom istraživanju, M1 klon pokazao najprihvatljivije antioksidacijske odgovore kroz ekstrakte izbojaka. Parametri iz Pilipović i sur. (2012), Trudić i sur. (2012) i naše studije, mogu predstavljati udružen fiziološki i antioksidacijski marker sustav za buduće različite fitoremedijacijske primjene ovih klonova na tlima onečišćenim raznim tvarima.Rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu ukazati na genotipske specifičnosti svih ispitivanih biokemijskih parametara i obilježava klonove topola, kao što je M1 kao primarni, a B229 klon kao potencijalno sljedeći u primjeni fitoremedijacije tala onečišćenih teškim kovinama. Ipak, za stjecanje novih, dubljih rezultata u vezi s oksidacijskim stresom izazvanim onečišćavanjem tala teškim kovinama, potrebne su dalje in vitro antioksidacijske analize

Effect of inoculation with PGPR on basil antioxidant activity

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a widely utilized culinary herb. It is used to flavour foods such as vegetables, meats, fish, etc. In traditional medicine is used for treatment of various disorders such as colds, respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders, etc. The effects of climate changes on agriculture can result in lower yield and nutritional quality of plants. The inoculation of plants with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Azotobacter, Streptomyces, and Bacillus are well known to lead to improvement in germination, growth, and yield. Also, it was found that PGPR enhance defence capacity of the plant. In this study, the basil seed were inoculated with selected PGPR isolates: Bac3, Azb, and Act. Control seeds were immersed into distilled water. After 6 weeks plant material was collected, and methanol extracts were prepared for antioxidant determinations. The changes in total phenol and flavonoid content, as well as antioxidant activity, were monitored. PGPR applied in the experiment have not cause significant changes in total phenol content. However, treatments with Azb and Act isolates have increased flavonoid content in basil plants. The antioxidant activity of basil plant has been measured as the ability of plant extracts to reduce DPPH radicals. Obtained results show that only treatment with Azb isolates significantly increases the antioxidant activity of basil plants. Results obtained in this study suggested that investigated isolates have different effects on the antioxidant characteristics of the basil plant. Further investigation is still needed to explore the possibility of using these PGPRs as potent bio-fertilizer in basil production

UTJECAJ ONEČIŠĆENOSTI TLA TEŠKIM METALIMA NA KLONOVE TOPOLA IZ SRBIJE

Oxidative stress is known as disturbed balance between antioxidative protection mechanism and production of reactive oxygen species, which can negatively influence on normal biological and metabolical processes in living organisms, such as poplar species. Phytoremediation is promising biotechnical method of cleaning of polluted soils by various pollutants: heavy metals, organic contaminants, pesticides, oil etc. Until today, poplars showed potential for regenerating polluted soils during phytoremediation process. This study represents results of oxidative stress profiles of three poplar clones (M1, B229 and PE 19/66) shoots from Institute of Lowland Forestry and Environment, University of Novi Sad, Serbia, while being treated by different concentration of three heavy metals in soil: Ni3+, Cu2+ and Cd2+. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress which have been analyzed were: content of soluble proteins, intensity of lipid peroxidation, antioxidative capacity by ferric reducing antioxidative power assay and activity of superoxid dismutase. Results showed that the most acceptable phytoremediation response to heavy metal pollution in soil showed clone M1. Great differences between B229 and PE 19/66 clones were in response on soil heavy metal contamination, directly suggesting of not being suitable for possible phytoremediation application.Oksidacijski stres je poznat kao narušena ravnoteža između antioksidacijskog mehanizma zaštite i proizvodnje reaktivnih kisikovih vrsta, što može negativno utjecati na normalne biološke i metaboličke procese u živim organizmima, kao na primjer kod topola. U cilju opstanka, aerobni organizmi su stekli mehanizme antioksidacijske zaštite, gdje su od enzimskih najistraženije aktivnosti antioksidativnih enzima kao što su katalaze, peroksidaze, glutation peroksidaze i superoksid dismutaza. Fitoremedijacija je obećavajuća biotehnička metoda čišćenja zagađenih tala raznim onečišćujućim tvarima poput: teških kovina, organskih kontaminanata, pesticida i dr. Do danas, topole su pokazale potencijal za regeneraciju onečišćenih tala tijekom fitoremedijacijskog procesa.Biokemijsko profiliranje statusa oksidacijskog stresa u drvenastim biljkama nije često istraživana u Srbiji i stoga je cilj ovoga pokusa bio ispitati utjecaj različitih koncentracija tri jona teških kovina, Ni3+, Cu2+ i Cd2+ na razinu oksidacijskog stresa tri klona, dvije različite vrste topole (Populus euramericana-M1; PE 19/66 i B-229 oba Populus deltoides vrsta). Biokemijski parametri za određivanje razine oksidacijskog stresa su: lipidna peroksi­dacija (LPx), test redukcijske snage željeza (FRAP), superoksid dismutaze (SOD) aktivnost i sadržina topivih bjelančevina. Ovi rezultati mogli bi dati smjernice u odabiru klonova iz kolekcije Instituta za nizijsko šumarstvo i životnu sredinu Univerziteta u Novom Sadu za buduće fitoremedijacijske uporabe ovih genotipova topola. Pješčano fluvisol tlo u pokusnim posudama je zagađeno različitim tretmanima teških kovina, koji su prikazani u tablici 1. Biljni ekstrakti izrađeni su od 2 g biljnog materijala (izbojci) i homogenizirani s kvarcnim pijeskom i suspenzirani u 10 cm3 0,1 mol/dm3 K2HPO4 pH 7,0. Homogenati su centrifugirani za 10 min na 4000 g (Quy Hai sur., 1975). Sva očitavanja apsorbancija za sadržaj topivih proteina, SOD i FRAP odrađeno pomoću Janway UV / VIS spektrofotometra 6505 i za čitanje količine nastalog MDA korišten je višefrekvencijski Spectrum Termo Corporation.Sve analize izvedene su u tri ponavljanja. Statistička usporedba između uzoraka izvedena je u programu Statistica 9, koristeći Duncan test, s statističkom značajnosti p <0,05. Dobiveni rezultati prikazani su grafički preko histograma (slike 1. do 4.) i iznad njih su slova koja označuju statistički značajne razlike između rezultata i kontrola (od a do e).Usporedni postotak je izračunat prema formuli: Δ (%) = (100 * uzorak / kontrola) –100, gdje vrijednosti mogu rezultirati pozitivno (+) ako je došlo do povećanja u odnosu na kontrolu i rezultiralo negativno (–), ako je došlo do smanjenja u odnosu na kontrolu.Trudić i sur. (2012) analizirali su kroz iste metode okdisacijskog stresa ekstrakte lišća i korijena spomenutih klonova topola. Uspoređujući ove rezultate, B229 klon je kroz lišće i korijenje pokazao više prihvatljiv antioksidacijski odgovor, dok je, u ovom istraživanju, M1 klon pokazao najprihvatljivije antioksidacijske odgovore kroz ekstrakte izbojaka. Parametri iz Pilipović i sur. (2012), Trudić i sur. (2012) i naše studije, mogu predstavljati udružen fiziološki i antioksidacijski marker sustav za buduće različite fitoremedijacijske primjene ovih klonova na tlima onečišćenim raznim tvarima.Rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu ukazati na genotipske specifičnosti svih ispitivanih biokemijskih parametara i obilježava klonove topola, kao što je M1 kao primarni, a B229 klon kao potencijalno sljedeći u primjeni fitoremedijacije tala onečišćenih teškim kovinama. Ipak, za stjecanje novih, dubljih rezultata u vezi s oksidacijskim stresom izazvanim onečišćavanjem tala teškim kovinama, potrebne su dalje in vitro antioksidacijske analize

Hip-hop from dancers’ viewpoint: Dance, lifestyle, and/or subculture?

The paper presents the results of field research on the population of dancers – members of the hip-hop community who are “contestants” in battles. The field research was carried out in April 2022 on a sample of dancers aged 17 to 40 (N = 31). The research results indicate that the hip-hop community in Serbia is small, but that such battles in specific forms contribute to the community’s maintenance and expansion. Battles also play a significant role in the progression and expression of dancers as individuals. Dancers consider hip-hop to be not only an art form but much more, hip-hop is synonymous with a lifestyle and a “way of looking at the world” for dancers. Although the research was carried out on a small sample, it represents the author’s pioneering contribution to a deeper understanding of the hip-hop community in Serbian society. It also indicates the need to carry out compatible research in the future