Psychological and pedagogical foundations for interaction technologies implementation at the university

The technological approach necessitated the development of professional competence of students as the main educational goal. Professional competence is developed only in the process of active activity and constant interaction of students. Therefore, higher education institutions should implement various technologies of interaction in their work, which are today one of the most effective in this process. The purpose of the article is to highlight psychological and pedagogical foundations of interaction technologies implementation at the University. In the article interaction is considered as a basic concept of pedagogical psychology. The authors identified the components of the category "interaction" and identified educational technologies that are responsible for the development of each component. It is noted that technologies interact with each other and produce a positive effect on the development of professional competence of students, organizing effective process of students’ interaction. A survey of students and teachers on the most suitable, in their opinion, technologies for organization of effective interaction is presented. The received answers allowed allocating technologies which cause interest both at teachers and at students

Assessment of ecosystem services for climate regulation: case study of the Madu Ganga wetlands

The ecosystem services assessment plays one of the key role in the modern concept of sustainable development, including combat climate change and achievement carbon neutrality, since the value assessment of all benefits and risks from ecosystem services is the most visible for decision makers (business and government). Mangrove forests in developing countries, such as Sri Lanka, are important factor in achieving carbon neutrality. The purpose of present investigation was the economic assessment of climate regulation services on the example of the Madu Ganga wetlands (Sri Lanka). The carbon stock was calculated as the marginal cost of reducing carbon emissions, and the sequestration was assessed through the calculation of the carbon social cost or the marginal cost of damage. As a result, the high cost of carbon storage by the Madu Ganga wetlands was revealed - approximately, it amounted to $153,341,221. The cost of the ES for carbon sequestration was$2,153,424. The total cost of services to regulate the carbon cycle of the Madu Ganga wetlands was $155,494,645, or 0.18% of the nominal GDP of the island of Sri Lanka for 2021. The high value of the mangrove forests of Madu Ganga shows their crucial role in achieving carbon neutrality within the framework of the concept of sustainable development

Mixotrophy of few strains of cyanobacteria and algae isolated from lampenflora communities

In the current study abilities for the mixotrophic growth of phototropic cave strains were observed. The influence of organic substrates on the growth rate on Chlorella vulgaris, Stichococcus bacillaris, Leptolyngbya foveolara, Scytonema were studied. In most cases glucose, maltose, glycerine, malate, acetate, sucrose, and peptone showed a stimulating effect on the culture growth rate by the dark and by the light incubation. Specific abilities for mixotrophic carbon consumption were proved

Самостоятельная работа студентов в профессиональных учебных заведениях

The reform of education in Russia has led to emergence of new learning pattern. Today, among numerous changes that have occurred in competence-based approach context, we note tendencies towards changes in teacher’s role in a student’s life, reduction in classroom hours and increase in the share of students’ independent work. In order to preserve and increase effectiveness of student learning, educational institutions should aim at finding new ways to use classroom hours to organize students' independent work. Insufficient knowledge of this topic actualizes the process of its further development. The purpose of our research was to verify the structure of independent work developed by the authors at a technical school in order to increase student training level. For this, the authors conducted an experiment in which two groups of second-year students of 25 people each took part. The results of the differentiated classification of two groups in the course "Engineering Graphics" were compared. The first group of students studied according to the structure available in the college, the second - with the help of the pattern developed by the authors. As a result, it was found that the second group has a higher level of training. The results of the experiment allowed us to conclude that the structure of independent work developed by the authors is very effective and its implementation will allow achieving positive results in students' competences development and in future graduates training.La reforma de la educación en Rusia ha llevado a la aparición de un nuevo patrón de aprendizaje. Hoy, entre los numerosos cambios que se han producido en el contexto del enfoque basado en la competencia, observamos tendencias hacia cambios en el papel del maestro en la vida de un estudiante, reducción en las horas de clase y aumento en la parte del trabajo independiente de los estudiantes. Para preservar y aumentar la efectividad del aprendizaje de los estudiantes, las instituciones educativas deben apuntar a encontrar nuevas formas de usar las horas de clase para organizar el trabajo independiente de los estudiantes. El conocimiento insuficiente de este tema actualiza el proceso de su desarrollo posterior. El propósito de nuestra investigación fue verificar la estructura del trabajo independiente desarrollado por los autores en una escuela técnica para aumentar el nivel de capacitación de los estudiantes. Para ello, los autores realizaron un experimento en el que participaron dos grupos de estudiantes de segundo año de 25 personas cada uno. Se compararon los resultados de la clasificación diferenciada de dos grupos en el curso "Gráficos de ingeniería". El primer grupo de estudiantes estudió de acuerdo con la estructura disponible en la universidad, el segundo, con la ayuda del patrón desarrollado por los autores. Como resultado, se encontró que el segundo grupo tiene un mayor nivel de entrenamiento. Los resultados del experimento nos permitieron concluir que la estructura del trabajo independiente desarrollado por los autores es muy efectiva y su implementación permitirá lograr resultados positivos en el desarrollo de competencias de los estudiantes y en la formación de futuros graduados.Реформа образования в России привела к появлению новой модели обучения. Сегодня среди многочисленных изменений, произошедших в контексте компетентностного подхода, мы отмечаем тенденции к изменению роли педагога в жизни студента, сокращению аудиторных часов и увеличению доли самостоятельной работы студентов. Чтобы сохранить и повысить эффективность обучения студентов, учебные заведения должны стремиться найти новые способы использования аудиторных часов для организации самостоятельной работы студентов. Недостаточная разработка этой темы актуализирует процесс ее дальнейшего развития. Целью нашего исследования была проверка структуры самостоятельной работы, разработанной авторами в техникуме с целью повышения уровня подготовки студентов. Для этого авторы провели эксперимент, в котором приняли участие две группы студентов второго курса по 25 человек в каждой. Результаты дифференцированной классификации двух групп по курсу «Инженерная графика» сравнивались. Первая группа студентов обучалась по структуре, имеющейся в колледже, вторая - по схеме, разработанной авторами. В результате выяснилось, что вторая группа имеет более высокий уровень подготовки. Результаты эксперимента позволили сделать вывод о том, что разработанная авторами структура самостоятельной работы имеет высокую результативность, а ее реализация позволит достичь положительных результатов в развитии компетенций студентов и в подготовке будущих выпускников

Оценка экосистемных услуг по регулированию климата водно-болотными угодьями Маду-Ганга

The ecosystem services assessment plays one of the key role in the modern concept of sustainable development, including combat climate change and achievement carbon neutrality, since the value assessment of all benefits and risks from ecosystem services is the most visible for decision makers (business and government). Mangrove forests in developing countries, such as Sri Lanka, are important factor in achieving carbon neutrality. The purpose of present investigation was the economic assessment of climate regulation services on the example of the Madu Ganga wetlands (Sri Lanka). The carbon stock was calculated as the marginal cost of reducing carbon emissions, and the sequestration was assessed through the calculation of the carbon social cost or the marginal cost of damage. As a result, the high cost of carbon storage by the Madu Ganga wetlands was revealed - approximately, it amounted to $153,341,221. The cost of the ES for carbon sequestration was$2,153,424. The total cost of services to regulate the carbon cycle of the Madu Ganga wetlands was $155,494,645, or 0.18% of the nominal GDP of the island of Sri Lanka for 2021. The high value of the mangrove forests of Madu Ganga shows their crucial role in achieving carbon neutrality within the framework of the concept of sustainable development.Мангровые лесные массивы играют важную роль в достижении углеродной нейтральности. Однако для развивающихся стран, таких как Шри-Ланка, недостаточно представлены данные об экономической ценности способности мангровых экосистем накапливать и поглощать углерод. Целью данного исследования была экономическая оценка услуг по регулированию климата на примере водно-болотных угодий Маду-Ганга (Шри-Ланка). Данные по накоплению углерода были рассчитаны как предельные затраты на сокращение выбросов углерода, а данные по поглощению - через расчет социальной стоимости углерода или предельной стоимости ущерба. В результате исследования установлена общая стоимость услуг по регулированию углеродного цикла водно-болотных угодий Маду-Ганга, которая составила 0,18% от номинального ВВП острова Шри-Ланка на 2021 г. Высокая экономическая ценность мангровых лесных массивов Маду-Ганга отражает их приоритетную роль в достижении углеродной нейтральности в рамках концепции устойчивого развития

Recent progress and development prospects of mobile current sources

Physicochemical fundamentals have been developed for the basic design solutions and fabrication technologies of prospective electrolytic power cells with a reusable cell capacity of 350–500 W·h/kg at the first stage and 1000 W·h/kg at the second stage. Along with conventional chemical current sources and ionistors, there are emerging high-performance supercapacitor structures with thin dielectric in the double electric layer and hybrid capacitors in which energy is accumulated in the double electric layer and due to electrochemical processes. This approach reduces the internal resistance of the electrolytic cells thus decreasing the heat emission during operation and therefore providing for a higher specific energy capacity and operation safety, shorter charging time and an increase in specific power. Prospective anode is a nanostructured electrode material in the form of a carbon matrix filled with a nanostructured chemically active material. Promising carbon matrix fillers are Li and its alloys, Si, Al, Na, Sn, Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Ag, as well as a range of other materials and their compounds. The effect of carbon material specific surface area, dielectric permeability and chemically active material addition on the specific energy capacity has been studied. Theoretical specific energy capacity of metal/air hybrid capacitors has been calculated. Thin-film technological system has been designed for new generation electrode materials in the form of carbon matrices with highly developed surface containing thin tunneling dielectrics and chemically active materials on dielectric surface

COMMUNITIES OF THE LIGHTED ZONE OF HYPOGEAN MONASTIC CELLS OF THE ROCK MONASTERY "DORMITION OF GOD'S MOTHER", THE RESERVE OLD ORHEY

Abstract. Aim. An analysis of species composition (phototrophic organisms and micromycetes) of epibioses communities of entrance area of monastic cells of the historical and archaeological complex of Old Orhei. Comparison of species composition of epibioses communities on the surface areas and in the cells. Comparison of phototrophic species composition of abovementioned communities with similar communities of the cult chalk caves of the Voronezh region and limestone grottoes of Podolsky Tovtry. Objects. The object of the investigation was the entrance area of the monastic cells of the rocky monastery "Dormition of God’s Mother", the reserve of Old Orhei (Moldova). Methods. Phototrophic species composition was determined by the methods of microscopy and inoculation in the culture medium. Mosses and lichens from epibioses communities were studied by traditional botanical methods. Micromycetes were studied by isolation methods on the Chapec-Dox selective medium. The abundance and occurrence of species in communities was determined. Results. Biodiversity of epibioses communities of hypogean habitats was revealed. It is shown that the species diversity on the surface is similar to the species composition in caves. The dominant species in the underground and surface epibioses communities were determined. The similarity of the species composition of the flora with caves of the Voronezh region and Ukraine was not revealed. Conclusions. Cyanobacteria predominate in the flora structure of the monastic cells of the rocky monastery "Dormition of God’s Mother". Micromycetes of epibioses communities are represented by widespread soil species. The species composition of cells is similar to the species composition on the surface. It can be assumed that the species composition of hypogean habitats is determined by a complex of conditions, among which the most important is the illumination, temperature and humidity, substrate quality and species composition on the surface

Mixotrophy of few strains of cyanobacteria and algae isolated from lampenflora communities

In the current study abilities for the mixotrophic growth of phototropic cave strains were observed. The influence of organic substrates on the growth rate on Chlorella vulgaris, Stichococcus bacillaris, Leptolyngbya foveolara, Scytonema were studied. In most cases glucose, maltose, glycerine, malate, acetate, sucrose, and peptone showed a stimulating effect on the culture growth rate by the dark and by the light incubation. Specific abilities for mixotrophic carbon consumption were proved

The Use of Mycoendophyte-Based Bioformulations to Control Apple Diseases: Toward an Organic Apple Production System in the Aurès (Algeria)

The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of bioformulations based on endophytic fungi to control apple scab and Valsa canker disease in two orchards in the Aurès region (Algeria). In both orchards, the results showed that the treatment of senescent apple leaves by invert emulsions containing Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Chaetomium globosum harmed the ascogenesis of winter forms of Venturia inaequalis by reducing the number of ascospore-ejecting asci, the number of morphologically mature asci, and a considerable increase in the immature asci number. This antifungal activity was more essential in soil-incorporated leaves, showing the importance of the combination of treatments with cultural practices to efficiently control the apple scab disease. Furthermore, the disease incidence decreased by 52.63% and 50.68% in R’haouat and Bouhmama orchards, respectively. Moreover, the treatment of Valsa ceratosperma cankers with a biogel containing the endophytic yeast Metschnikowia sp. led to wound healing varying from 43.52% and 87.97% after 120 days but remained more considerable than conventional treatment with Folicur (tebuconazol). The current results open real opportunities concerning the implementation of eco-friendly and potent apple protection systems

Enhanced Second-Harmonic Generation in Mie-Resonant MoS2 Nanodisks

International audienceEnhanced second-harmonic generation in a single MoS2 nanodisk due to the overlap of Mie resonances at the fundamental wavelength with the C-exciton resonance at the second-harmonic wavelength is observed