Hydration of α-pinene catalyzed by acid clays

The hydration reaction of α-pinene in the presence of natural clays treated with monochloroacetic acid as catalyst to obtain oxygenated compounds was studied. Catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, programmed thermal desorption of adsorbed pyridine, and infrared spectroscopic analysis of adsorbed pyridine to determine Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. Catalytic tests revealed that treatment of the natural clay with the acid improved the catalytic activity and the selectivity toward oxygenated products by increasing the acidity of the catalyst. The selectivity toward oxygenated compounds increased with the augment of the α-pinene conversion because of greater contact between water molecules with the remaining α-pinene molecules. The natural clay without treatment produced compounds resulting from α-pinene isomerization, whereas the treated clays produced alcohols and other products in addition to isomerization compounds. After a certain time, the α-terpineol was isomerized into cineols. Studies of the reusability of the JAL catalyst were performed (clay treated with monochloroacetic acid). As the number of reuses increased, the percent conversion decreased; however, the selectivity toward oxygenated compounds increased.Fil: Comelli, Nora Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; Argentina;Fil: Avila, Maria Cecilia. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Económico Sociales; Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; Argentina;Fil: Volzone, Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro Tecnológico de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica (i); Argentina;Fil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; Argentina

Zirconia-Supported Copper and KNO3 Catalysts for Diesel Soot Combustion. Deactivation by Hydrotreatment and SO2

In this study, the sulfur tolerance and hydrothermal stability of Cu-KNO3/ZrO2 catalysts in catalytic diesel soot oxidation were investigated. Supported alkaline nitrate catalysts have shown excellent activity for soot oxidation in the presence of O2 or NO/O2. High-temperature water vapor treatments do not affect the catalytic activity, suggesting a good hydrothermal stability of the catalysts. Treatments performed at high SO2 concentration lead to a partial deactivation of the catalysts for the combustion reaction in the presence of O2. The presence of copper improves the sulfur tolerance of the KNO3/ZrO2 catalyst for the combustion of soot in the presence of NOx. NO/O2 present in the feed flow of the reactor can regenerate in situ nitrate anions that provide the redox cycles required for the reaction.Fil: Mosconi, Sandra Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Maria Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Leguizamón Aparicio, María Silvia del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Lick, Ileana Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Esther Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentin

Hydration of α-pinene catalyzed by acid clays

The hydration reaction of α-pinene in the presence of natural clays treated with monochloroacetic acid as catalyst to obtain oxygenated compounds was studied. Catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, programmed thermal desorption of adsorbed pyridine, and infrared spectroscopic analysis of adsorbed pyridine to determine Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. Catalytic tests revealed that treatment of the natural clay with the acid improved the catalytic activity and the selectivity toward oxygenated products by increasing the acidity of the catalyst. The selectivity toward oxygenated compounds increased with the augment of the α-pinene conversion because of greater contact between water molecules with the remaining α-pinene molecules. The natural clay without treatment produced compounds resulting from α-pinene isomerization, whereas the treated clays produced alcohols and other products in addition to isomerization compounds. After a certain time, the α-terpineol was isomerized into cineols. Studies of the reusability of the JAL catalyst were performed (clay treated with monochloroacetic acid). As the number of reuses increased, the percent conversion decreased; however, the selectivity toward oxygenated compounds increased.Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámic

Preparation and characterisation of calcined Mg/Al hydrotalcites impregnated with alkaline nitrate and their activities in the combustion of particulate matter

The effect of incorporating alkaline nitrates in hydrotalcites for use in the combustion of particulate matter from diesel emissions has been studied. The catalysts were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis (EA), atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Activity measurements were carried out using a thermobalance in air and using a fixed-bed reactor with a NO/O2 flow. The observed activities decreased in the following order: HTMgAlcCs > HTMgAlcK > HTMgAlcLi > HTMgAlc.Fil: Comelli, Nora Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Maria Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Merino, Nora Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Lick, Ileana Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Castellón, E.. Universidad de Málaga. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía; EspañaFil: Jiménez López, A.. Universidad de Málaga. Facultad de Ciencias. Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Cristalografía y Mineralogía; EspañaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel

Propane and naphthalene oxidation over gold-promoted cobalt catalysts supported on Zirconia

Zirconia-supported gold-promoted cobalt catalysts were synthesized and tested for the complete oxidation of propane and naphthalene. The catalysts were characterized by BET surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In both propane and naphthalene combustion reactions, the results obtained indicate that catalysts formulated with Co3O4 are more active than those containing only Au. Catalysts prepared using the deposit/precipitation (DP) method have better activity than those in which the traditional technique is used. Gold addition using the DP methods generates a promoting effect on the activity of cobalt-containing catalysts. The AuDpCoZt catalyst was found to be the most active for both propane and naphthalene combustion. The catalytic behavior of this sample is associated with a synergic effect between gold, cobalt, and the support, which is also evidenced by an increase in the reducibility of this catalytic system. The effect of the presence of NO in the feed was also analyzed for propane combustion.Fil: Leguizamón Aparicio, María Silvia del Valle. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz, Maria Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ocsachoque, Marco Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Castellón, Enrique. Universidad de Málaga. Facultad de Ciencias; EspañaFil: Lick, Ileana Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentin

Propane and Naphthalene Oxidation over Gold-Promoted Cobalt Catalysts Supported on Zirconia

Zirconia-supported gold-promoted cobalt catalysts were synthesized and tested for the complete oxidation of propane and naphthalene. The catalysts were characterized by BET surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In both propane and naphthalene combustion reactions, the results obtained indicate that catalysts formulated with Co3O4 are more active than those containing only Au. Catalysts prepared using the deposit/precipitation (DP) method have better activity than those in which the traditional technique is used. Gold addition using the DP methods generates a promoting effect on the activity of cobalt-containing catalysts. The AuDpCoZt catalyst was found to be the most active for both propane and naphthalene combustion. The catalytic behavior of this sample is associated with a synergic effect between gold, cobalt, and the support, which is also evidenced by an increase in the reducibility of this catalytic system. The effect of the presence of NO in the feed was also analyzed for propane combustion.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicada

Diesel soot combustion: KNO3 and KOH catalysts supported on zirconia

KNO3/ZrO2 and KOH/ZrO2 catalysts were studied and found active in the catalytic soot combustion. Two equipments were used to carry out the combustion experiments: a thermogravimetric reactor with an O2/He feed and a fixed bed microreactor with NO/O2/He feed.Fil: Carrascull, Alfredo Lazaro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Lick, Ileana Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentin

Catalytic combustion of soot with a O2/NO mixture. KNO3/ZrO2

Catalysts containing 0.25–20% KNO3 supported on ZrO2 have been studied for diesel soot combustion. The addition of KNO3 to ZrO2 support enhances its activity due to the increased contact between soot and catalyst and also because the KNO3 acts as catalyst. The combustion temperature has been measured for “loose” and “tight” contact, between soot and catalyst, and the difference was 10 K for KNO3(20)/ZrO2 catalyst. This finding is very important because under practical conditions the contact between soot and catalyst is poor and this contact resembles the contact denoted as “loose contact”.Fil: Carrascull, Alfredo Lazaro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Lick, Ileana Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Esther Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; Argentin

α-Pinene isomerization to camphene: Effect of thermal treatment on sulfated zirconia

The isomerization reaction of α-pinene produces bicyclic and monocyclic compounds and other products. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of the pre-treatment temperature of the catalyst on the concentration of Lewis and Brönsted acid sites and the activity and selectivity of the catalyst. Catalyzed reactions in heterogeneous and homogeneous phases were performed. In heterogeneous reaction, sulfated zirconia (SZ) and pre-treated SZ catalyst at several temperatures were used. The thermal treatment affects the ratio between Brönsted and Lewis sites. Results were contrasted with those obtained with SZ catalyst without thermal treatment. In homogeneous reaction the catalyst is sulfuric acid, and in the reaction medium Brönsted sites are only present coming from the H+ of the acid. The ratio between bi/monocyclic compounds for H2SO4, SZ catalyst and pre-treated catalyst at several temperatures, SZ250, SZ350 and SZ500, varies between 0.4 and 4.3. It can be observed that there exists an optimal thermal treatment where the ratio is higher. FT-IR spectra of adsorbed pyridine on catalysts pre-treated thermally show the presence of Lewis and Brönsted acid sites. The amount of acid sites was determined by TPD of adsorbed pyridine.Fil: Comelli, Nora Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones En Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones En Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Esther Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo En Ciencias Aplicadas "Dr. Jorge J. Ronco". Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones En Tecnología Química. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Investigaciones En Tecnología Química; Argentin

Catalysts of alkaline nitrates supported on oxides for the diesel soot combustion. Deactivation by hydro-treatment and CO2.

The deactivation of supported catalysts CsNO3 and LiNO3 for diesel soot combustion is studied in this work. The effect of hydro-treatment at high temperature and presence of CO2 in feed flow were investigated. Catalysts were characterized by means of X ray diffraction, DSC technique and FTIR. A fixed bed reactor was used to measure activity of fresh and deactivated catalysts with NO2/O2 feed. Thermogravimetrical system with air/CO2 feed was used to study the deactivation with CO2. Catalysts with LiNO3 were the most resistant to deactivation by hydro-treatment, and they are not deactivated by CO2. It is postulated that the cesium nitrate solubilizes in water and is eliminated during the hydro-treatment, instead, lithium species interacted more strongly with the support and generate more resistance species.Fil: Ruiz, Maria Lucia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Lick, Ileana Daniela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Marta Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico San Luis. Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnología Química; ArgentinaFil: Ponzi, Esther Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias Aplicadas; Argentin