¿Resistencia en el acné? Un metaanálisis a propósito de la controversia

ResumenAntecedentesEl acné es una de las afecciones dermatológicas con mayor incidencia a nivel mundial; su origen es multifactorial y, por lo tanto, su tratamiento puede ser complejo. Propionibacterium acnes tiene un papel primordial en la inflamación de esta dermatosis y para su tratamiento se usan antibióticos tópicos; entre los principales se encuentran eritromicina y clindamicina, en los que se ha documentado una amplia resistencia bacteriana, lo que genera controversia respecto a su uso. Por este motivo se presenta un metaanálisis de las publicaciones de los últimos 10 años para confirmar esta hipótesis.Material y métodosEn la literatura de los últimos 10 años se buscaron artículos sobre resultados de cultivos con antibiograma de pacientes con acné. Se realizaron búsquedas tipo MeSH con los términos «acne vulgaris», «Propionibacterium acnes», «topical administration», «treatment», «erythromycin», «clindamycin», «nadifloxacin», «antibacterial agent», «bacterial drug resistance», en los metabuscadores PubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, Cochrane, ScienceDirect y ClinicalKey.ResultadosSe encontraron 13 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. La razón de momios promedio (OR 1.24, IC 95%) de los artículos demostró una ligera tendencia hacia la resistencia de Propionibacterium acnes.ConclusionesSe confirma el aumento en la resistencia bacteriana de Propionibacterium acnés a eritromicina y clindamicina tópica, por lo que recomendamos el uso de estos antibióticos combinados en casos selectos por periodos cortos y en combinación con peróxido de benzoilo, para obtener el mejor resultado clínico en los pacientes con Acne vulgaris.AbstractBackgroundAcne is one of the dermatological pathologies with the highest incidence around the world. It is a multifactorial disease and its treatment can be complex. Propionibacterium acnes play a key role in the inflammation of this dermatosis. Topical antibiotics, including mainly erythromycin and clindamycin, have been used, but there is controversy over their use due to the widely documented bacterial resistance. For this reason a meta-analysis of the publications over the past 10 years is presented in order to confirm this hypothesis.Material and methodsA search was made of the publications over the past 10 years that included the results of antibiogams of patients with acne. MeSH type searches were performed with the terms “acne vulgaris”, “Propionibacterium acnes”, “topical administration”, “treatment”, “erythromycin”, “clindamycin”, “nadifloxacin”, “antibacterial agent”, “bacterial drug resistance” in PubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, Cochrane, ScienceDirect and ClinicalKey meta-searches.ResultsA total of 13 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. The mean odds ratio (OR 1.24, 95% CI) of the articles showed a slight tendency toward resistance of Propionibacterium acnes.ConclusionsAn increase in bacterial resistance to topical erythromycin and clindamycin can be confirmed, thus the use of these antibiotics is recommended in selective cases for short periods, and in combination with benzoyl peroxide for the best clinical outcome in patients with acne vulgaris

Evidence‐based treatment for gynoid lipodystrophy: A review of the recent literature

Resumen La lipodistrofia ginoide (LDG) es una alteracion estructural, inflamatoria y bioquımica del tejido subcutaneo que causa modificaciones topograficas en la piel. Conocida comunmente como “celulitis”, la LDG afecta hasta a 90% de las mujeres, practicamente en todas las etapas de la vida, iniciando en la pubertad. Se trata de una condicion que afecta considerablemente la calidad de vida de quien la padece. Es motivo frecuente de consulta aunque las pacientes recurren a tratamientos empıricos, improvisados, sin bases ni evidencia cientıfica, los cuales desmotivan y producen frustracion no solo por su falta de resultados, sino por complicaciones derivadas de dichos tratamientos. Un grupo de expertos de diversas especialidades involucradas en el manejo de este problema presenta en este artıculo el resultado de una busqueda bibliografica sistematica y de la discusion consensuada de la evidencia obtenida de diversos tratamientos disponibles actualmente. El analisis se dividio en tratamientos topicos, tratamientos sistemicos, tratamientos no invasivos y tratamientos mınimamente invasivos

Gram-negative folliculitis. A rare problem or is it underdiagnosed? Case report and literature review

AbstractGram-negative folliculitis may be the result of prolonged antibacterial treatments in patients with acne and rosacea. It is caused by alteration of facial skin flora and the nasal mucous, a decrease of Gram-positive bacteria and a proliferation of Gram-negative bacteria (for example Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella sp. and Proteus mirabilis). It should be considered in patients with acne who have not had a clinical improvement after 3-6 months of treatment with tetracyclines. The disease is underestimated, probably because bacteriological studies are rarely requested and the increased use of oral isotretinoin for acne management. One of the most effective treatments for Gram-negative folliculitis is oral isotretinoin (0.5-1 mg / kg / day for 4-5 months). We report the case of Gram negative folliculitis successfully treated with oral isotretinoin

Recognition of actinic keratosis. A retrospective biopsy study of the clinical diagnostic accuracy by primary care physicians compared with dermatologists. Experience in Mexico

Background. Actinic keratoses (AK) are dysplastic keratinocytic lesions confined to the epidermis. Currently, the standard screening method for detecting AK is performed by a health professional. Objectives. We seek to determine if were differences in diagnosis of AK by dermatologists (DL) and primary care physicians (PCP) in Mexico. Material and Methods. The clinical diagnoses of PCP and DL were correlated with histopathologic diagnoses. In total, 285 cases were analyzed. Results. DL diagnosed 90% (256/285) of the cases compared with 36% (102/285) of PCP (P= .001). Primary care physicians were the group with the lowest diagnostic accuracy rate. Conclusion: Primary care physician needs to acquire sufficient knowledge of basic dermatology as well as dermatopathology. The overall accuracy of the clinical diagnosis, mainly in hyperplastic AK, depends on the clinicopathologic correlation