Patrimonium servare. Forme e prassi per la conservazione del denaro dalla Tarda Antichità a Bisanzio

Il contributo analizza il tema della conservazione del denaro tra la tarda antichità e l'età bizantina tramite le informazioni desunte dalle fonti scritte, archeologiche ed iconografiche.In ancient societies, the safekeeping of money was a practice of the outmost importance, transversal to the whole population, which was performed by means of specific forms and modes depending on different times and contexts. During Late Antiquity, written, archaeological and iconographic sources allow reconstructing well-differentiated practices for the conservation and transport of money. The typology of containers varied not only according to the preciousness of the amounts kept, but also in relation to the social level of the users. A certain continuity can be traced in the Middle and Late Byzantine period referring to specific practices, such as the sealing of bags of coins not only in the ceremonial context but also in daily life. Despite the clear prevalence of attestations referring to élite contexts, it is also possible to ascertain the persistence of definite practices for the conservation of money within a more stratified and heterogeneous social structure thanks to archaeological and iconographic documentation

Asphyxia from the eyes of the neonatologist

The perinatal asphyxia occurs at a frequency of 4-6‰ in developed countries The hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has an incidence of 0.5-2‰, and is a frequent cause of death and severe disability. Cerebral hypothermia is a well-established therapy of HIE, and its benefits have been described by systematic reviews and meta-analyses of numerous controlled clinical trials. Authors describe their experience in implementation of cerebral hypotermia in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, the creation of a network to perform neurophysiologic study of asphyxiated infants ≥ 35 weeks gestation, potential hypothermia candidates. Neurodevelopmental prognosis of HIE infants is of paramount importance for parents. To improve the quality of prognosis and communication with the parents, two studies have been undertaken. First, EEG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) relationships analysis showed that the severity of the background EEG is associated with the severity and location of MRI lesion patterns in infants treated with hypothermia because of HIE. The second study aims to elucidate the relationships between MRI patterns and neurodevelopmental assessment by Griffiths scales. We found that neuroimaging findings correlate significantly with overall neurodevelopmental assessment at 12 and 24 months of life; in particular, this correlation is significant for the loco-motor and psycho-social sides. These instrumental data, with the EEG evaluation and clinical data, allow the neonatologist to predict quite precisely the neurological outcome of an infant.   Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Neonatology · Cagliari (Italy) · October 22nd-25th, 2014 · The last ten years, the next ten years in Neonatology Guest Editors: Vassilios Fanos, Michele Mussap, Gavino Faa, Apostolos Papageorgio

Metabolic acidosis as Food Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) onset in a newborn

Abstract Background FPIES (Food Protein Induced Eneterolitis Syndrome) is a rare non IgE- mediated food allergy, usually affecting infants and children after first months of life. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, usually characterised by repetitive vomiting and diarrhoea, lethargy, failure to thrive until to dehydration with hypotension and shock. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria, after excludind other hypothetical conditions. Early recognition of FPIES is essential to set a correct dietatay management that is resolving for the patient. Case report We present the case of a 12 days old child who was admitted to the hospital for poor feeding, failure to thrive and severe metabolic acidosis. Conclusions The early onset of this case is peculiar and rember us to consider FPIES in differential diagnosis of newborn metabolica acidosis

EEG findings in cooled asphyxiated newborns and correlation with site and severity of brain damage

OBJECTIVE: EEG and MRI are useful tools to evaluate the severity of brain damage and to provide prognostic indications in asphyxiated neonates. Aim of our study is to analyze the relationship between serial neonatal EEGs and severity and sites of brain lesions on MRI in neonates undergoing hypothermia, following a hypoxic-ischemic injury. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-eight term newborns underwent hypothermia. Serial videoEEG recordings were taken at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h and during 2nd week of life. Brain MRI was performed at the end of 2nd postnatal week and correlated with EEG. RESULTS: EEGs improved during the first days. At the first recording 25 infants showed a severe or very low amplitude EEG pattern while at the 2nd week only 7 showed such patterns. As regards MRI, 21 infants showed a predominant Basal Ganglia and Thalami damage, 4 infants showed a predominant focal Thalami lesion and 23 showed normal imaging or just mild White Matter abnormalities. Severity of EEG pattern was associated with the odds of having MRI lesions at Basal Ganglia, Thalami, White Matter, Internal Capsule, but not at Cortex. Infants who showed only mild EEG abnormalities in the first 2 days had no Basal Ganglia and Thalami MRI lesion. The persistence of a discontinuous EEG at the 2nd week recording is always associated with Basal Ganglia and Thalami damage. CONCLUSION: The severity of EEG background is associated with severity and site of MRI lesion pattern in neonates treated with hypothermia because of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy

Clinical parameters of the study population in the first 30 days of life.

<p>Clinical parameters of the study population in the first 30 days of life.</p

Comparative analysis of urine samples of HIE newborns at birth and at 30 days of life.

<p>Score scatter plots of (<b>A</b>) PCA and (<b>B</b>) OPLS-DA models of urine samples collected from HIE babies at birth (HIE day 1, empty circles) and at 30 days of life (HIE day 30, light blue diamonds). (<b>C</b>) Permutation test of the corresponding PLS-DA model (n = 400 random permutations). (<b>D</b>) OPLS-DA loading column plot of discriminant variables.</p

The effect of 48 hours of TH on the urine metabolome of HIE newborns.

<p>Score scatter plots of (A) PCA model of urine samples collected from HIE babies at birth (HIE day 1, empty circles) and during the TH treatment at 48 hours (HIE day 2, red squares). The label NS indicates the non-surviving babies, and (<b>B</b>) corresponding PCA model after removal of the samples belonging to non-surviving newborns.</p

Clinical parameters of the study population at birth.

<p>Clinical parameters of the study population at birth.</p

The effect of 72 hours of TH on the urine metabolome of HIE newborns.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Score scatter plot of the PCA model of urine samples collected from HIE newborns (HIE day 1, empty circles) and at the end of TH treatment (HIE day 3, blue triangles). The label NS indicates the non-surviving newborns. (<b>B</b>) Score scatter plot of the PCA model after removal of the samples belonging to non-surviving newborns (<b>C</b>) Score scatter plot of the OPLS-DA model of the samples belonging to surviving newborns. (<b>D</b>) Permutation test of the corresponding PLS-DA model (n = 400 random permutations). (<b>E</b>) OPLS-DA loading column plot of discriminant variables.</p