Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in the pediatric age: the role of the dentist

Sleep disordered breathing in children designates a wide spectrum of respiratory disorders characterized by partial or complete obstruction of the upper airways. It ranges from primary snoring, its mildest clinical manifestation, to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS): complete obstruction of the upper airways with cessation of airflow. The aim of this paper is to highlight the roles of the pediatric dentist and the orthodontist in the therapeutic approach to pediatric OSAS as a "sentinel" who can detect early signs of the disease for immediate referral to the otolaryngologist and as an active participant in therapy

A novel universal device "LINGUAL RING Ri.P.A.Ra" for TMDs and cranio-cervico-mandibular pains: preliminary results of a randomized control clinical trial

The aim of this study was to evaluate functionality and clinical application of a novel immediate device in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs). To address the research purpose, authors developed and implemented a randomized control clinical trial

Nasal pathologies in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Nasal obstruction is a frequent condition in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). Nasal obstruction leads to mouth breathing, which is thought to destabilise the upper airway to aggravate the condition. Three conditions could be considered as the cause of the nasal breathing obstruction: anatomical conditions of the nose (septum deviation, hypertrophy of the inferior turbinates), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and chronic nasal inflammation caused by allergic rhinitis or non-allergic cellular rhinitis. In this prospective study, we present an evaluation of all these possible rhino-sinusal aspects in OSA patients to correlate different nasal pathologies with nasal obstruction. Fifty patients with a diagnosis of OSA were enrolled in the study. In 70% of OSA patients, nasal obstruction was confirmed by clinical evaluation and rhinomanometry testing. Normal rhino-sinus aspects were present in only 20% of OSAS patients, whereas one or more pathological rhino-sinus conditions were present in the remaining 80%. The percentage of OSA patients with a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis was 18% and 26% respectively. Non-allergic rhinitis with neutrophils (NARNE) was the most frequent type of cellular rhinitis diagnosed in OSA patients (20% of cases). The results of the present study support and extend the observation that rhinitis is present in OSA patients. Mucosal inflammation caused by these conditions could be the cause of upper airway patency impairment inducing nasal mucosa swellin

Grammatiche, un paradigma per conoscere

L'articolo invita a riflettere sulla nascita e sull'evoluzione del paradigma grammaticale in Italia, a partire dal volume Grammatiche, in Storia dell\u2019italiano scritto, curata da Giuseppe Antonelli, Matteo Motolese, Lorenzo Tomasin (Carocci Editore, 2018)

«Imporre una legge?»: quando lo stato si occupa di lingua : a proposito del volume di Lucilla Pizzoli, La politica linguistica in Italia

L'articolo vuole invitare a una riflessione complessiva sul tema della politica linguistica, a partire dal volume di Lucilla Pizzoli, La politica linguistica in Italia (Carocci Editore, 2018)

Conche, conchette, secchie, secchiette, mastelle, mastellette : la pazzia e i suoi discorsi nelle piacevoli notti di Straparola

Il contributo vuole offrire una prima indagine sulla pazzia nelle novelle di Straparola, considerando gli aspetti linguistici della costruzione del discorso d'autore e dei discorsi dei personaggi

«Secondo l’uso che è mutabile» : la filigrana del Convivio di Dante nelle Regole grammaticali della volgar lingua di Giovan Francesco Fortunio. Primi sondaggi

Il saggio si propone di portare l\u2019attenzione su alcuni riferimenti danteschi presenti nelle Regole grammaticali della volgar lingua di Giovan Francesco Fortunio: in questi primi sondaggi estesi al Proemio dell\u2019opera si accenna alla possibilit\ue0 che il Convivio dantesco possa rappresentare un\u2019opera di riferimento teorico per la definizione dei presupposti della grammatica del Fortunio

Olfactory evaluation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients

The sense of smell has a high impact on the quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate olfactory dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and correlate the severity of disease with olfactory dysfunction. The relationships between nasal obstruction, nasal mucociliary cleareance and olfactory tests were also evaluated. Sixty patients with a diagnosis of OSAS were enrolled and underwent olfactory function evaluation. In all patients olfactory performance was tested with the Sniffin’ Sticks method. Mucociliary transport times and anterior rhinomanometry were performed to identify eventual nasal obstruction and deficits in nasal mucociliary clearance. Olfactory dysfunction was present in 22 (36.6%) patients of the study group: of these, hyposmia was present in 19 (86.4%) and anosmia in 3 (13.6%). The mean TDI score in the study group was 30. A strong correlation between the olfactory dysfunction and severity of sleep apnoea measured using the AHI was found. Patients with OSA would seem to have a high incidence of olfactory dysfunction. The degree of olfactory dysfunction appears to be related to the severity of disease. However, other co-factors such as nasal obstruction and reduced mucociliary clearance might also play a role in of the aetiology of this condition

«Con una sola parola» : il motto di Cisti, l’intesa con il lettore

L'articolo propone una riflessione complessiva sulle soluzioni espressive della novella di Cisti fornaio, individuando le strategie di elaborazione della similuazione di enunciazione che Boccaccio mette in atto in questo testo

Dall’Europa a Milano, da Milano all’Europa : a 250 anni da "Dei delitti e delle pene"

In occasione dei 250 anni dalla pubblicazione del trattato "Dei delitti e delle pene" , l'articolo ricostruisce alcuni momenti della vita dell'Accademia dei Pugni, anche in rapporto alle fasi di elaborazione del libro di Cesare Beccaria. Si propongono inoltre considerazioni sulla circolazione dell'opera e in particolare sulla diffusione che in Europa hanno avuto il trattato e, di conseguenza, le soluzioni espressive di quella prosa argomentativa