Planning theory - a critical review of the dominant planning models in 21st century and proposed reconstruction

The entire work is based on the assumption that the root of the planning crisis at the global level is largely found in the inadequate development of planning theory. The purpose of this research is to find a theoretical basis that would allow better theory and practice linking within a more efficient planning system. By applying the method of analysis and synthesis, historical and descriptive method, the development of theoretical thinking about problems and issues in the planning is presented, then the current state of theory in view of the dominant models and their "critical" points. In this paper, namely, it is pointed out that because of these points, planning, as a mechanism of state intervention, still does not respond adequately to current and future challenges and demands of society. Accordingly, and with the realization of the basic objectives and applying the method of induction and deduction, planning theory reconstruction has been proposed, which is the main result of the work

Teorija planiranja - kritički osvrt na dominantne modele planiranja u 21. veku i predlog rekonstrukcije

The entire work is based on the assumption that the root of the planning crisis at the global level is largely found in the inadequate development of planning theory. The purpose of this research is to find a theoretical basis that would allow better theory and practice linking within a more efficient planning system. By applying the method of analysis and synthesis, historical and descriptive method, the development of theoretical thinking about problems and issues in the planning is presented, then the current state of theory in view of the dominant models and their 'critical' points. In this paper, namely, it is pointed out that because of these points, planning, as a mechanism of state intervention, still does not respond adequately to current and future challenges and demands of society. Accordingly, and with the realization of the basic objectives and applying the method of induction and deduction, planning theory reconstruction has been proposed, which is the main result of the work.Celokupan rad je zasnovan na pretpostavci da se koren krize planiranja na svetskom nivou velikim delom može pronaći u neodgovarajućem razvoju teorije planiranja. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja da se pronađe teorijska osnova koja bi omogućila bolje povezivanje teorije i prakse u okvirima jednog efikasnijeg planskog sistema. Primenom metoda analize i sinteze, istorijskog i opisnog metoda, prikazan je razvoj teorijske misli o problemima i temama u planiranju, zatim sadašnje stanje u teoriji kroz prikaz dominantnih modela i njihovih 'kritičnih' tačaka. U radu se, naime, ističe da upravo zbog tih tačaka planiranje, kao mehanizam državne intervencije, još uvek ne odgovara na adekvatan način na savremene i buduće izazove i zahteve društva. U skladu sa tim i sa realizacijom osnovnog cilja, a primenom metoda indukcije i dedukcije dat je predlog rekonstrukcije teorije planiranja koji predstavlja osnovni rezultat rada

Slabljenje sistema prostornog planiranja u srbiji - doba prevlasti prostornih planova područja posebne namene (2010-2020)

In the first two decades of the 21st century, the spatial planning system in Serbia underwent a significant transformation following the general trends of change in Serbia. The neoliberal-market model of the economy has directly led to the apparent suppression of social services and of the environmental sector. After 2010, the formerly hierarchical organized system slowly began to marginalize national, regional and local planning. Instead of that, planning of special-purpose areas became dominant and almost ubiquitous. This plan, according to the Law, can cover all types of infrastructure, all types of mining, tourist facilities and areas, energy, protected nature objects and cultural and historical monuments, as well as the so-called Belgrade Waterfront and the National Stadium. The paper analyses the causal relationships that have led to the current state of planning, given the systematization of spatial plans of the special purpose areas so far prepared. Additionally, the paper also discusses the effectiveness of such a partial approach to the field of spatial planning and landscaping in Serbia.U prve dve decenije 21. veka sistem prostornog planiranja u Srbiji doživeo je značajnu transformaciju prateći opšte trendove promena u Srbiji. Prevladavanje neoliberalnog - tržišnog modela ekonomije direktno je uslovilo potiskivanje socijalnih usluga po kvalitetu i obimu finansiranja, a slično se dogodilo i sa ekološkim sektorom. U okviru nekadašnje sređenog i hijerarhijski organizovanog sistema, koji se sastoji od četiri vrste prostornih planova - za Republiku, regione (i Autonomne pokrajine), opštine i područja posebne namene, nakon 2010. godine polako je počelo da se na marginu potiskuje nacionalno, regionalno i lokalno planiranje, dok je planiranje područja posebne namene ostalo i postalo dominantno. Prostorni plan područja posebne namene se na osnovu Zakona radi za sve vrste infrastrukture, sve vrste rudarstva, turističke objekte i područja, energetiku, zaštićene objekte prirode i kulturno-istorijske spomenike, ali i Beograd na vodi i Nacionalni stadion. U radu su analizirani kauzalni odnosi koji su doveli do sadašnjeg stanja u planiranju, data sistematizacija do sada urađenih prostornih planova područja posebne namene, te diskutovana efektivnost ovakvog parcijalnog pristupa oblasti planiranja i uređenja prostora u Srbiji

Virulence potential of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from COVID-19 patients on mechanical ventilation: The first report from Serbia

Since the WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the disease has spread rapidly leading to overload of the health system and many of the patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 needed to be admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Around 10% of patients with the severe manifestation of COVID-19 need noninvasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, which represent a risk factor for Acinetobacter baumannii superinfection. The 64 A. baumannii isolates were recovered from COVID-19 patients admitted to ICU at General Hospital “Dr Laza K. Lazarević” Šabac, Serbia, during the period from December 2020 to February 2021. All patients required mechanical ventilation and mortality rate was 100%. The goal of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance profiles and virulence potential of A. baumannii isolates recovered from patients with severe form of COVID-19 who had a need for mechanical ventilation. All tested A. baumannii isolates (n = 64) were sensitive to colistin, while resistant to meropenem, imipenem, gentamicin, tobramycin, and levofloxacin according to the broth microdilution method and MDR phenotype was confirmed. In all tested isolates, representatives of international clone 2 (IC2) classified by multiplex PCR for clonal lineage identification, blaAmpC, blaOXA-51, and blaOXA-23 genes were present, as well as ISAba1 insertion sequence upstream of blaOXA-23. Clonal distribution of one dominant strain was found, but individual strains showed phenotypic differences in the level of antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and binding to mucin and motility. According to PFGE, four isolates were sequenced and antibiotic resistance genes as well as virulence factors genes were analyzed in these genomes. The results of this study represent the first report on virulence potential of MDR A. baumannii from hospital in Serbia

Teorija planiranja - kritički osvrt na dominantne modele planiranja u 21. veku i predlog rekonstrukcije

The entire work is based on the assumption that the root of the planning crisis at the global level is largely found in the inadequate development of planning theory. The purpose of this research is to find a theoretical basis that would allow better theory and practice linking within a more efficient planning system. By applying the method of analysis and synthesis, historical and descriptive method, the development of theoretical thinking about problems and issues in the planning is presented, then the current state of theory in view of the dominant models and their 'critical' points. In this paper, namely, it is pointed out that because of these points, planning, as a mechanism of state intervention, still does not respond adequately to current and future challenges and demands of society. Accordingly, and with the realization of the basic objectives and applying the method of induction and deduction, planning theory reconstruction has been proposed, which is the main result of the work.Celokupan rad je zasnovan na pretpostavci da se koren krize planiranja na svetskom nivou velikim delom može pronaći u neodgovarajućem razvoju teorije planiranja. Stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja da se pronađe teorijska osnova koja bi omogućila bolje povezivanje teorije i prakse u okvirima jednog efikasnijeg planskog sistema. Primenom metoda analize i sinteze, istorijskog i opisnog metoda, prikazan je razvoj teorijske misli o problemima i temama u planiranju, zatim sadašnje stanje u teoriji kroz prikaz dominantnih modela i njihovih 'kritičnih' tačaka. U radu se, naime, ističe da upravo zbog tih tačaka planiranje, kao mehanizam državne intervencije, još uvek ne odgovara na adekvatan način na savremene i buduće izazove i zahteve društva. U skladu sa tim i sa realizacijom osnovnog cilja, a primenom metoda indukcije i dedukcije dat je predlog rekonstrukcije teorije planiranja koji predstavlja osnovni rezultat rada

The justification of the subject planning history

Over the last decade of the 20th century the history of the spatial planning was accredited as a subject at schools worldwide, gained its special periodical and accompanying professional organization. When it comes to the Belgrade school of planning, the subject called spatial planning was introduced by the accreditation of the new curriculum at the Department of Spatial Planning of the Faculty of Geography in Belgrade in 2007. Nowadays at the international level and in our country, a serious theoretical discussion on the reach, direction and practical purpose of this subject is underway, and the questions which are posed thereby are sometimes provocative, controversial and far-reaching. These are the most common questions: What is the definition of the planning history? Why teach it? Who can teach it? How to teach it? What is the suitable content of the curriculum of the planning history? Although, this paper aims at the consolidation of the topics and providing the logical connections between the answers to the above questions, it, at same time, reflects the diversity of the individual approaches to planning history, which are the result of the peculiar circumstances in which spatial planning is taught in some countries, with different traditions of planning and different value systems. Nevertheless, the aim of the paper is the definition of something which can be called "intellectual nucleus" of a great topic called history (of spatial and urban) planning and which should be based on the logical theoretical and methodological premises, and, at the same time, should be comprehensible to students, through the flexible curriculum, and it should be applicable in practice

The justification of the subject planning history

Over the last decade of the 20th century the history of the spatial planning was accredited as a subject at schools worldwide, gained its special periodical and accompanying professional organization. When it comes to the Belgrade school of planning, the subject called spatial planning was introduced by the accreditation of the new curriculum at the Department of Spatial Planning of the Faculty of Geography in Belgrade in 2007. Nowadays at the international level and in our country, a serious theoretical discussion on the reach, direction and practical purpose of this subject is underway, and the questions which are posed thereby are sometimes provocative, controversial and far-reaching. These are the most common questions: What is the definition of the planning history? Why teach it? Who can teach it? How to teach it? What is the suitable content of the curriculum of the planning history? Although, this paper aims at the consolidation of the topics and providing the logical connections between the answers to the above questions, it, at same time, reflects the diversity of the individual approaches to planning history, which are the result of the peculiar circumstances in which spatial planning is taught in some countries, with different traditions of planning and different value systems. Nevertheless, the aim of the paper is the definition of something which can be called "intellectual nucleus" of a great topic called history (of spatial and urban) planning and which should be based on the logical theoretical and methodological premises, and, at the same time, should be comprehensible to students, through the flexible curriculum, and it should be applicable in practice

Compliance with social requirements for integrated local land use planning in Serbia

Integrated local land use planning (ILLUP) is promoted as one of the planning instruments in giving territorial expression to societies' goals, such as sustainable development. Similar efforts were invested in Serbia twice - during the post-WWII socialist period and during the transition towards democratic capitalism after 2000. However, our research on local land use planning as an integrated approach revealed significant inconsistencies in the practice in Serbia with the intended ILLUP. This directed the literature search and review and helped conceptualize not only process-, but also system-related social ILLUP requirements needed for employing the instrument. Apart from offering the heterarchical structure of ILLUP requirements, the paper explains its evolution and advocates calibrating the contextualization with standardization during ILLUP research