35 research outputs found

    Intellectual property rights infringement on e-commerce marketplaces: Application of AI technologies, new challenges

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    Intellectual property rights infringement is a growing concern in the age of e-commerce, where online marketplaces have become the primary platforms for buying and selling goods. As the popularity of e-commerce increases, so does the risk of counterfeit products, unauthorized use of trademarks, and other infringements on intellectual property rights. In response to this challenge, AI technologies have emerged as powerful tools to combat infringement on e-commerce platforms. This article sets out to explore the application of AI technologies in addressing intellectual property rights infringement on e-commerce marketplaces and the new challenges that arise as a result. The article explores the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies on identifying and preventing infringements in e-commerce marketplaces. It delves into the use of automated algorithms and machine learning, highlighting their ability to improve efficiency and accuracy in infringement detection. However, the article also discusses the challenges associated with capturing nuanced infringements through AI technologies. Overall, the study sheds light on the evolving landscape of intellectual property rights protection in the context of e-commerce and emphasizes the significance of AI in addressing these challenges

    ВлияниС ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов Π½Π° ΡΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΏΠΎ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ (аналитичСский ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€)

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    Today, the unstable political and economic situation in the world has led to an intensified migration and changes in their directions. The legal norms regarding the status of migrants, including people living with HIV, are also changing. Over the past 10 years laws restricting the entry and residence of HIV-infected foreign citizens have been repealed in many countries, but in Russia the deportation and prohibition of long-term stay of HIV positive international migrants are still in effect. This review presents the main aspects of the impact of migration on the spread of HIV in the world and Russia, as well as the possible positive and negative effects of decriminalization of migrants living with HIV in terms of epidemic situation, socio-demographic and economic processes. The argument for retaining the deportation is due to the potential risk of the spread of the disease by foreigners and the unresolved organization of medical care and treatment of HIV infection for foreign migrants, which are provided for Russian citizens from the state budget. On the other hand, the deportation law touches upon ethical aspects, violating freedom of movement, the right to privacy and freedom from discrimination. Despite the presence or absence of restrictive measures against HIV-positive migrants, HIV has spread throughout all countries and led to a global epidemic. Prevention of HIV infection among general population of the country, regardless of their migration status, is a priority on the way to stop the spread of infection. На сСгодняшний дСнь Π½Π΅ΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ политичСская ΠΈ экономичСская ситуация Π² ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΊ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов ΠΈ измСнСнию ΠΈΡ… направлСния. ΠœΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ статуса ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с Π’Π˜Π§. Π’ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ послСдних 10 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ… странах ΠΎΡ‚ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ‹, ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ въСзд ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… иностранных Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½, ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎ Π² России ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ‚ ΡΠΎΡ…Ρ€Π°Π½ΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π½ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ° ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ Π½Π° долгосрочноС ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π±Ρ‹Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ иностранцСв Π² случаС выявлСния Ρƒ Π½ΠΈΡ… Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡƒΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ основныС аспСкты влияния ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов Π½Π° распространСниС Π’Π˜Π§ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π΅ ΠΈ Π² России, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ послСдствия Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡ‰ΠΈΡ… с Π’Π˜Π§, для эпидСмичСской ситуации, ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-дСмографичСских ΠΈ экономичСских процСссов. АргумСнтами Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·Ρƒ сохранСния Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΎ Π΄Π΅ΠΏΠΎΡ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ являСтся ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΡƒΠ³Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π° распространСния Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ иностранцами срСди Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ страны, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ вопрос ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ для иностранных ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² мСдицинской ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡ‰ΠΈ ΠΈ лСчСния Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ для Π³Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ России ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π·Π° счСт государствСнного Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π°. Π‘ Π΄Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠΉ стороны, Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ этичСскиС аспСкты, Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΡˆΠ°Ρ свободу пСрСдвиТСния, ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ частной ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ ΠΈ свободу ΠΎΡ‚ дискриминации. НСсмотря Π½Π° Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ отсутствиС ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², Π’Π˜Π§ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊ Π²ΠΎ всС страны ΠΌΠΈΡ€Π°, Π΅Π³ΠΎ распространСниС приняло Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ. Для прСкращСния развития эпидСмии Π’Π˜Π§-ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ основныС усилия Π΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΡƒ срСди всСго насСлСния, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ распространСния Π’Π˜Π§ нСзависимо ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΌΠΈΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… процСссов

    Π€ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСскиС свойства ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ L-аспарагиназы ΠΈΠ· Rhodospirillum rubrum, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ

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    Rru_A3730 protein is a bacterial Rhodospirillum rubrum L-asparaginase (RrA), which is known by its anticancer activity. RrA variants with point amino acid substitutions in the region of 150 amino acids residues: RrA17N, K149E, RrAE149R, V150P, F151T, RrА17N, E149R, V150P, RrAE149R, V150P, showed antiproliferative properties, and also by their ability to suppress telomerase activity. This work is devoted to comparison of physical-chemical and catalytic properties of these mutant forms of RrA. It is shown that pH optimum is in the alkaline zone (8.5 – 9.3); L-glutaminase and D-asparaginase activity is respectively not more than 0.1% and 1.6% of L-asparaginase for all studied variants of RrA. The presence of the N17-terminal amino acid sequence MASMTGGQMGRGSSRQ of the capsid protein of bacteriophage T7 in the RrA structure leads to an increase in the thermal stability of mutant RrA analogues (from 50Β°C to 56Β°C) and their resistance to denaturation in the presence of 3 – 4 M urea. It is of Metal ions exhibit multidirectional effects on L-asparaginase activity of RrA. K+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Cs+, Co2+ in significantly affect the activity of L-asparaginase, while Mn2+, Cu2+, Fe3+ ions inhibit it. There was no correlation between antitelomerase (antiproliferative) activity and kinetic properties of mutant forms of L-asparaginase RrA.Π‘Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΊ Rru_A3730, извСстный ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ L-аспарагиназа Rhodospirillum rubrum, прСдставляСт интСрСс Π² качСствС ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ срСдства, особСнно Π΅Ρ‘ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ с Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ аминокислотными Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π² Ρ€Π°ΠΉΠΎΠ½Π΅ 150 аминокислотного остатка (Π°.ΠΊ.ΠΎ.): RrA17N, K149E, RrAE149R, V150P, F151T, RrА17N, E149R, V150P, RrAE149R, V150P, ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ свойствами, Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ‹. Данная Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π° посвящСна ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ„ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-химичСских ΠΈ каталитичСских свойств этих ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ RrA. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ для всСх ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² RrA рН ΠΎΠΏΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΡƒΠΌ находится Π² Ρ‰Π΅Π»ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ (8.5 – 9.3); L-глутаминазная ΠΈ D-аспарагиназная Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚, соотвСтствСнно, Π½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ 0.1% ΠΈ 1.6% ΠΎΡ‚ L-аспарагиназной. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈΡΡƒΡ‚ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΈΠ΅ 17N-ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ аминокислотной ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ MASMTGGQQMGRGSSRQ капсидного Π±Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ° Π±Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΡ„Π°Π³Π° Π’7 Π² структурС RrA ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ² RrA (ΠΎΡ‚ 50Β°Π‘ Π΄ΠΎ 56Β°Π‘) ΠΈ ΠΈΡ… устойчивости ΠΊ Π΄Π΅Π½Π°Ρ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² присутствии 3 – 4 М ΠΌΠΎΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹. ВыявлСн Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ эффСкт ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Π°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° L-Π°ΡΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Π³ΠΈΠ½Π°Π·Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π²Π°Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΠ² RrA: ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ‹ K+, Ca2+, Zn2+, Cs+, Co2+ сущСствСнно Π½Π΅ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΡŽΡ‚ Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ L-аспарагиназы, Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Mn2+, Cu2+, Fe3+ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ ΠΊ сниТСнию активности. НС ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°Ρ€ΡƒΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ коррСляции ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρƒ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΉ (Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡ„Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΉ) Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒΡŽ ΠΈ кинСтичСскими свойствами ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Π½Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ L-аспарагиназы RrA

    Transition from Townsend to glow discharge: subcritical, mixed or supercritical

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    The full parameter space of the transition from Townsend to glow discharge is investigated numerically in one space dimension in the classical model: with electrons and positive ions drifting in the local electric field, impact ionization by electrons (Ξ±\alpha process), secondary electron emission from the cathode (Ξ³\gamma process) and space charge effects. We also perform a systematic analytical small current expansion about the Townsend limit up to third order in the total current that fits our numerical data very well. Depending on Ξ³\gamma and system size pd, the transition from Townsend to glow discharge can show the textbook subcritical behavior, but for smaller values of pd, we also find supercritical or some intermediate ``mixed'' behavior. The analysis in particular lays the basis for understanding the complex spatio-temporal patterns in planar barrier discharge systems.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

    Wasting syndrome in HIV-infected patients

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    The review of literature analyzes scientific data on wasting syndrome in HIV-infected patients. It considers its etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches

    Wasting syndrome in HIV-infected patients

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    The review of literature analyzes scientific data on wasting syndrome in HIV-infected patients. It considers its etiology, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches

    Favorable outcome of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV-infected patient

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    In this article, we report a case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV-infected patient receiving antiretroviral therapy. The case is interesting because of its favorable outcome despite severe clinical manifestations of the disease. Β© 2021, Dynasty Publishing House. All rights reserved

    A case of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a HIV-infected female patient

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    Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) caused by JC virus is a severe central nervous lesion developing in the presence of obvious immunodeficiency. In most cases, the disease results in a fatal outcome within a few months. Antiretroviral therapy is currently considered to be the only method for the prevention and treatment of PML in HIV-infected patients. The paper describes a positive experience in treating the HIV-infected female patient with the established diagnosis of PML
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