52 research outputs found
Tree species determine soil seed bank composition and its similarity with understory vegetation in a semi-arid African savanna
Evolution of sex-specific pace-of-life syndromes: genetic architecture and physiological mechanisms
Sex differences in life history, physiology, and behavior are nearly ubiquitous across taxa, owing to sex-specific selection that arises from different reproductive strategies of the sexes. The pace-of-life syndrome (POLS) hypothesis predicts that most variation in such traits among individuals, populations, and species falls along a slow-fast pace-of-life continuum. As a result of their different reproductive roles and environment, the sexes also commonly differ in pace-of-life, with important consequences for the evolution of POLS. Here, we outline mechanisms for how males and females can evolve differences in POLS traits and in how such traits can covary differently despite constraints resulting from a shared genome. We review the current knowledge of the genetic basis of POLS traits and suggest candidate genes and pathways for future studies. Pleiotropic effects may govern many of the genetic correlations, but little is still known about the mechanisms involved in trade-offs between current and future reproduction and their integration with behavioral variation. We highlight the importance of metabolic and hormonal pathways in mediating sex differences in POLS traits; however, there is still a shortage of studies that test for sex specificity in molecular effects and their evolutionary causes. Considering whether and how sexual dimorphism evolves in POLS traits provides a more holistic framework to understand how behavioral variation is integrated with life histories and physiology, and we call for studies that focus on examining the sex-specific genetic architecture of this integration
Reconnecting Cities to the Biosphere: Stewardship of Green Infrastructure and Urban Ecosystem Services
The seed bank of subtropical grasslands with contrasting land-use history in southern Brazil
The Adaptation for Conservation Targets (ACT) Framework: A Tool for Incorporating Climate Change into Natural Resource Management
Habitat suitability models of mountain ungulates: identifying potential areas for conservation
A new analytical method for wildlife habitat conservation planning on a city scale using the classification of physiologically homogeneous areas
Interannual Water-level Fluctuations and the Vegetation of Prairie Potholes: Potential Impacts of Climate Change
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