85 research outputs found
Oscillations above the barrier in the fusion of 28Si + 28Si
Fusion cross sections of 28Si + 28Si have been measured in a range above the
barrier with a very small energy step (DeltaElab = 0.5 MeV). Regular
oscillations have been observed, best evidenced in the first derivative of the
energy-weighted excitation function. For the first time, quite different
behaviors (the appearance of oscillations and the trend of sub-barrier cross
sections) have been reproduced within the same theoretical frame, i.e., the
coupled-channel model using the shallow M3Y+repulsion potential. The
calculations suggest that channel couplings play an important role in the
appearance of the oscillations, and that the simple relation between a peak in
the derivative of the energy-weighted cross section and the height of a
centrifugal barrier is lost, and so is the interpretation of the second
derivative of the excitation function as a barrier distribution for this
system, at energies above the Coulomb barrier.Comment: submitted to Physics Letters
Response to novel objects and foraging tasks by common marmoset (Callithrix Jacchus) female Pairs
Many studies have shown that environmental enrichment can significantly improve the psychological well-being of captive primates, increasing the occurrence of explorative behavior and thus reducing boredom. The response of primates to enrichment devices may be affected by many factors such as species, sex, age, personality and social context. Environmental enrichment is particularly important for social primates living in unnatural social groupings (i.e. same-sex pairs or singly housed animals), who have very few, or no, benefits from the presence of social companions in addition to all the problems related to captivity (e.g. increased inactivity). This study analyses the effects of enrichment devices (i.e. novel objects and foraging tasks) on the behavior of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) female pairs, a species that usually lives in family groups. It aims to determine which aspects of an enrichment device are more likely to elicit explorative behaviors, and how aggressive and stress-related behaviors are affected by its presence. Overall, the marmosets explored foraging tasks significantly longer than novel objects. The type of object, which varied in size, shape and aural responsiveness (i.e. they made a noise when the monkey touched them), did not affect the response of the monkeys, but they explored objects that were placed higher in the enclosure more than those placed lower down.Younger monkeys were more attracted to the enrichment devices than the older ones. Finally, stress-related behavior (i.e. scratching) significantly decreased when the monkeys were presented with the objects; aggressive behavior as unaffected. This study supports the importance of environmental enrichment for captive primates and shows that in marmosets its effectiveness strongly depends upon the height of the device in the enclosure and the presence of hidden food. The findings can be explained ifone considers the foraging behavior of wild common marmosets. Broader applications for the research findings are suggested in relation to enrichment
Quantum Tunneling in Nuclear Fusion
Recent theoretical advances in the study of heavy ion fusion reactions below
the Coulomb barrier are reviewed. Particular emphasis is given to new ways of
analyzing data, such as studying barrier distributions; new approaches to
channel coupling, such as the path integral and Green function formalisms; and
alternative methods to describe nuclear structure effects, such as those using
the Interacting Boson Model. The roles of nucleon transfer, asymmetry effects,
higher-order couplings, and shape-phase transitions are elucidated. The current
status of the fusion of unstable nuclei and very massive systems are briefly
discussed.Comment: To appear in the January 1998 issue of Reviews of Modern Physics. 13
Figures (postscript file for Figure 6 is not available; a hard copy can be
requested from the authors). Full text and figures are also available at
http://nucth.physics.wisc.edu/preprints
Comportement d'un plasma capturé par collision dans une bouteille magnétique à miroirs
In the magnetic mirror bottle of the " Bille-en-Tête A " experiment, the plasma is stable and the decrease of the confined energy is due to a temperature decrease. The cold plasma situated beyond the mirrors seems to be responsible of these two effects.Dans la bouteille magnétique à miroirs de l'expérience Bille-en-Tête A, le plasma est stable et la décroissance de l'énergie confinée est due à une diminution de la température. Le plasma froid, situé au delà des miroirs semble responsable de ces deux effets
In- and out of plane measurements of alpha -heavy ion correlations for S + Au collisions at = 373 MeV
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